Zero To Mastery In Environmental Science: One Of The Best Environmental Science Book To Become Zero To Hero, This Amazing Book Covers A-Z Environmental Science Concepts, 2022 Latest Edition

166 Pages·2022·95.003 MB·English

by  ARNOLD NEEL, Ayaz Uddin (editor)

Zero to Mastery in
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE

Zero to Mastery in
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
AN ISO 9001:2008 CERTIFIED COMPANY
V E I
AYU DUCATION OF NDIA
2/25, Ansari Road, Darya Ganj, New Delhi-110 002
Copyright © Vayu Education of India
First Edition: 2022
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or
transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or
otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owners.
DISCLAIMER
Errors, if any, are purely unintentional and readers are requested to communicate such errors to
the publisher to avoid discrepancies in future.
Printed & bound in India
Published by:
AN ISO 9001:2008 CERTIFIED COMPANY
VAYU EDUCATION OF INDIA
2/25, ANSARI ROAD, DARYA GANJ, NEW DELHI-110 002
PH.: 011-41564440, MOB. [phone]
E-MAIL: [email protected] • WEB: www.veiindia.com

1. Environment and its Importance ........................................................... 1-8
Environment Explained................................................................................................1
Element of Environment...............................................................................................3
Importance of Environmental Studies.........................................................................3
Need for Public Awareness............................................................................................4
Conclusion ......................................................................................................................6
Short Answer.............................................................................................................7
Long Answer..............................................................................................................7
True/False.................................................................................................................7
Fill in the Blanks......................................................................................................8
2. Effect of Human Activities on Environment.......................................9-17
Environmental impact of agricultural sector...............................................................9
Environmental Impact of Mining...............................................................................11
Acid Drainage...............................................................................................................11
Metal Contamination of Ground and Surface Water, and Associated Sediments..11
Sedimentation of Surface Waters...............................................................................12
Environmental Impacts of Industry and Human Housing......................................12
Climate Change ...........................................................................................................12
Waste ............................................................................................................................12
Resource Use ................................................................................................................13
Habitat Destruction.....................................................................................................13
Pollution........................................................................................................................13
Environmental Impacts of Transportation ................................................................14
Conclusion ....................................................................................................................16
Long Answer............................................................................................................16
Short Answer...........................................................................................................16
Fill in the Blanks....................................................................................................17
True/False...............................................................................................................17
3. Sustainable Development and EIA.....................................................18-30
How to achieve Environmental Sustainability..........................................................19
Sustainable Construction............................................................................................20
Green Building.............................................................................................................21
What Makes a Building Green?..................................................................................21
Sustainable Design......................................................................................................22
Principles of Sustainable Design ................................................................................22
Policies and Conferences on Sustainable Development............................................23
Environmental Impact Assessment Process...............................................................23
Preparation required before starting EIA..................................................................25
Conclusion ....................................................................................................................29
Short Answer................................................................................................29
Long Answer.................................................................................................29
True/False....................................................................................................30
Fill in the blanks ..........................................................................................30
4. Natural Resources.................................................................................31-45
Natural Resources........................................................................................................31
Various forms of natural Resources............................................................................32
Water Resource............................................................................................................33
Hydrological cycle ........................................................................................................34
Precipitation .................................................................................................................34
Different forms of Water Resources............................................................................35
Water resources available in Indian conditions ........................................................35
Water Resources utility ...............................................................................................36
Over-exploitation of Water and its Impact ................................................................37
Management of water resources – Dams and their Impact......................................38
Benefits of Dams..........................................................................................................38
Mineral Resources........................................................................................................39
Forest Wealth...............................................................................................................41
Nature of Forest...........................................................................................................41
Types of Forests............................................................................................................41
Role of Forests ..............................................................................................................42
Forests Products...........................................................................................................43
India’s Forest Policies...................................................................................................43
National Forest Policy of 1988....................................................................................43
Conclusion ....................................................................................................................44
Short Question..............................................................................................44
Long Question ..............................................................................................44
True/False....................................................................................................45
Fill in the blank............................................................................................45
5. Biogeochemical Cycles.........................................................................46-52
Material cycles..............................................................................................................46
Carbon Cycle................................................................................................................46
Air Water Exchange....................................................................................................47
Total Carbon Pool.........................................................................................................47
Addition to Atmosphere...............................................................................................47
Nitrogen Cycle..............................................................................................................48
Sulphur Cycle...............................................................................................................49
Conclusion ....................................................................................................................50
SHORT ANSWER........................................................................................51
Long Answer.................................................................................................51
True/False....................................................................................................51
Fill in the blanks ..........................................................................................52
6. Problems of Drinking Water ...............................................................53-60
Water Borne Diseases..................................................................................................53
Pollution in water cause that Water-born Disease....................................................55
Dental Fluorosis...........................................................................................................56
Preventive Measures ...................................................................................................56
Fluoride Problem in Drinking Water..........................................................................56
Routes of Entry and Storage.......................................................................................58
How to Neutralize the effect of Fluoride....................................................................58
Conclusion ....................................................................................................................59
Short Answer................................................................................................59
Long Answer.................................................................................................59
True/False....................................................................................................60
Fill in the Blanks..........................................................................................60
7. Energy and Alternate Source of Energy............................................61-76
Definition of Energy....................................................................................................61
Energy ..........................................................................................................................61
Types of Energy...........................................................................................................61
Conventional and Non-conventional Source.............................................................62
Hydro-Electric Power (Hydro Power).........................................................................63
Generation of Hydro-electricity ..................................................................................63
Advantages of Hydro-electricity .................................................................................63
Limitations of Water Energy.......................................................................................63
Hydro Electricity Generation in India .......................................................................64
Solar Energy ................................................................................................................64
Device based on the Solar Energy..............................................................................64
Utilization of Solar Energy in India...........................................................................66
Utilization of Solar Energy for various Purposes......................................................66
Advantages of Solar Energy.......................................................................................66
Uses of Solar Energy ...................................................................................................66
Biomass and Biogas.....................................................................................................67
Uses of Biogas...............................................................................................................69
Fossil Fuel.....................................................................................................................70
Origin of Fossil Fuel.....................................................................................................70
Composition of Fossil Fuels .........................................................................................70
Importance of Fossil Fuel ............................................................................................71
Impact of Fossil Fuels on the Ecosystem....................................................................71
Hydrogen as Alternate Sources of Energy ................................................................72
What is Hydrogen? ......................................................................................................72
Hydrogen as an Energy Carrier.................................................................................72
Hydrogen as a Future fuel..........................................................................................73
Plentiful Supply of Hydrogen.....................................................................................73
Hydrogen as a clean Fuel............................................................................................73
Hydrogen Fuel Cell......................................................................................................73
Conclusion ....................................................................................................................74
Short Answer................................................................................................75
Long Answer.................................................................................................75
True/False....................................................................................................75
Fill in the Blanks..........................................................................................76
8. Environmental Pollution....................................................................77-100
Kinds of Pollutions.......................................................................................................77
Water Pollution............................................................................................................78
Prevention and control of Water pollution.................................................................80
Noise Polution...............................................................................................................81
Impacts of Noise...........................................................................................................83
How to Control the Noise Pollution ............................................................................84
Control in the transmission path................................................................................85
Air Pollution .................................................................................................................86
Meteorology and Health Effects .................................................................................87
Sources of air Pollution................................................................................................87
Large-scale Effects.......................................................................................................88
Control Actions by Government..................................................................................88
Acid Rain ......................................................................................................................89
Cause of Acid Rain.......................................................................................................90
Land Pollution..............................................................................................................91
Causes of Land Pollution.............................................................................................91
Harmful Effects of Land Pollution  ............................................................................92
How to Prevent Land Polution ...................................................................................93
Automobiles Pollution..................................................................................................93