Table Of Content(cid:1)
ecca
(cid:1)
ecca
Alan M. Stahl
Published by
Baltimore &London
in association with
New York
©The Johns Hopkins University Press
All rights reserved. Published
Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper
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www.press.jhu.edu
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Stahl, Alan M., –
Zecca : the mint ofVenice in the Middle Ages / Alan M. Stahl.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references (p. ) and index.
---(alk. paper)
.Zecca di Venezia. .Mints—Italy—Venice—History—To .
. Coins, Italian—Italy—Venice—History—To .
I. American Numismatic Society. II. Title.
.
.—dc -
A catalog record for this book is available from the British Library.
Contents
List of Illustrations and Tables ix
Acknowledgments xi
Notes and Abbreviations xiii
. (cid:2) (cid:3)
The enetian int and Coinage to
. (cid:4) ‒
The ge of the Penny,
The Venetian Mint through the Eleventh Century
The Sale of the Mint Land in : A Closing of the Mint?
The Ducal Penny
. (cid:4) ‒
The ge of the Grosso, c.
The Introduction of the Grosso
The Age of the Grosso: The Thirteenth Century up to
The Reintroduction of the Venetian Penny
(cid:4) (cid:5) ‒
. The ge of the ucat,
The Introduction and Establishment of the Ducat
The Reorganization of Minting
The Early Fourteenth Century: A Period of Uneasy Trimetallism
. (cid:4) ‒
The ge of the Soldino,
The Great Currency Mutation: Reform of the Moneta and
the Institution of the Quinto
The Glut of Gold
Another Try at the Mezzanino
vi Contents
The Plague Years
Further Debasements: The New Soldino and the Tornesello
From Midcentury to the Peace ofTurin ()
. (cid:4) ‒
The ge of Crisis and Reform,
The Reintroduction of the Grosso
The Postwar Years
Crises of Clipping and Culling
Prospects for the New Century
New Colonial Coinages
The Reform of the Gold Mint
The Reform of the Silver Mint
. (cid:1) (cid:3) (cid:2)
The ecca in the Life of edieval enice
(cid:3)
. The Setting of int Policy
The Legislative Bodies of Medieval Venice and Their Records
Medieval Legislation Governing the Mint and Bullion
Politics and Monetary Policy
. (cid:3)
Government Control of the Bullion arket
The Sources of Silver and Gold
Silver Speculation within Venice
The Fondaco dei Tedeschi and the Bullion Trade
The Silver Brokers
The Control of the Gold and Silver Markets in the Thirteenth Century
The Early Fourteenth Century
The Creation of the Silver Office at the Rialto
The Gold Estimators and the Market for Gold in the Fourteenth Century
The Silver Market after
Silver Officials versus Moneychangers: The de Bora Affair
The Sale of Silver, –
The Silver Officials and Coinage Circulation
(cid:1)
. The Economics of the ecca
The Economics of the Minting of Silver
The Economics of the Minting of Gold
Minting Strategies of Medieval Venice
Contents vii
(cid:2)
. The Circulation of enetian Coinages
The Venetian Penny, the Denaro Piccolo
The Grosso
The Ducat
The Soldino and Mezzanino
The Tornesello
. Cullers, Clippers, and Counterfeiters
Culling
Clipping
Counterfeiting
. (cid:6) (cid:3)
ithin the int
.
The Mintmasters
The Responsibilities of the Mintmasters
The Quindena
The Acquisition of Bullion
The Supervision of Manufacture
The Distribution of Newly Minted Coins
A Case of Innovative Initiative by a Mintmaster
Controls and Checks on the Masters within the Mint
The Accounts of the Mintmasters
The Number and Election of Masters
The Remuneration of the Mintmasters
Ill-gotten Gains
The Social and Economic Background of Mintmasters
The Careers of Mintmasters
. (cid:3) ff
The int Building and Sta
The Mint Building
The Permanent Staff
. (cid:5) (cid:5)
Coin esign and ie Engraving
The Legends on the Coins
The Images and Style of the Coins
The Technology of Die Engraving
The Engravers of the Medieval Zecca
viii Contents
.
From Bullion to Coin
The Refining of Bullion
From Ingot to Blank
Striking the Coins: The Moneyers
(cid:3) (cid:2)
. The Standards of edieval enetian Coins
The Alloys ofVenetian Gold and Silver
Control ofWeight Standards
The Standards of the First Soldino and Mezzanino Issues
. (cid:2) (cid:2) (cid:1)
The olume of Production at the enetian ecca
Quantity of Production: Overview
Documentary Sources for Production Numbers
Numismatic Indices for Production at the Zecca
Inferences from Find Statistics
Excavation Finds
Hoard Finds
The Zecca at the Death of Doge Mocenigo
Appendix A. Offices Relating to Bullion and the Zecca
Appendix B. Finds of Medieval Venetian Coins
Bibliography
Index
Illustrations and Tables
Figures
. Early coins ofVenice
. Twelfth-century Venetian ducal pennies
. Venetian coins of the reign of Enrico Dandolo (–)
. Venetian coins of the reign of Lorenzo Tiepolo (–)
. A Venetian ducat of the reign of Giovanni Dandolo (–)
. A Serbian coin modeled on the Venetian grosso, c.
. Venetian coins of the reign of Francesco Dandolo (–)
. Venetian coins of the reign of Andrea Dandolo (–)
. Venetian coins of the reign of Antonio Venier (–)
. The Fondaco dei Tedeschi, or German Fondaco
. Touchstone needles
. The Rialto Market
. The Medieval Zecca
. The Zecca
. Various sixteenth-century coin balance scales
. The prototype of the Venetian grosso
. A pattern grosso of advanced style
. The unchanging ducat
. Varieties of the soldino
. The revival of the mezzanino
. The Sesto medal of
. The cupellation process
. A medieval mint
.A medieval upper die
. A medieval lower die
