Writing, Teachers, and Students in Graeco-Roman Egypt

370 Pages·1996·20.451 MB·English

by  Raffaella Cribiore

AMERICAN STUDIES IN
PAPYROLOGY
Series Editor
Ann Ellis Hanson
Number 36
WRITING, TEACHERS, AND STUDENTS IN
GRAECO-ROMAN EGYPT
by
Raffaella Cribiore
WRITING, TEACHERS, AND STUDENTS IN
GRAECO-ROMAN EGYPT
by
RAFFAELLA CRIBIORE
S cholars P ress
A tlanta, G eorgia
WRITING, TEACHERS, AND STUDENTS IN
GRAECO-ROMAN EGYPT
by
RAFFAELLA CRIBIORE
© 1996
The American Society of Papyrologists
The publication of this book was assisted by a grant from the
Stanwood Cockey Lodge Foundation
of Columbia University
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
Cribiore, Raffaella.
Writing, teachers, and students in Graeco-Roman Egypt / by
Raffaella Cribiore.
p. cm. — (American studies in papyrology ; no. 36)
Includes bibliographical references and indexes.
ISBN 0-7885-0277-8 (cloth : alk. paper)
1. Written communication—Study and teaching—Egypt. 2. Literacy—
Egypt—History. 3. Paleography—Egypt. I. Title. II. Series:
American studies in papyrology ; v. 36.
P211.3.E3C75 1996
302.2'244'07062—dc20 96-8012
CIP
Printed in the United States of America
on acid-free paper
For Alberto

Contents
List of Tables and Graphs viii
List of Plates ix
Abbreviations xi
Preface xiii
Part One Introduction 1
1 Writing in Graeco-Roman Egypt 3
2 Evidence for Schools and Teachers 13
3 The School Exercises 27
Part Two Identifying School Exercises 35
4 Types of Textual Material 37
5 Writing Materials Used in Schools 57
6 Distinguishing Characteristics of School Exercises 75
7 Palaeography: Teachers’ and Students’ Hands 97
Part Three Writing in Graeco-Roman Schools 119
8 The Teachers’Models 121
9 Writing and Levels of Education 129
10 Learning to Write 139
Conclusion 153
Appendices
1 List of Teachers 161
2 List of Students 171
Catalogue
1 Introduction 173
2 Catalogue 175
3 Items Excluded from the Catalogue 285
Bibliography 289
Concordances 298
Index 313
vili
List of Tables and Graphs
Tables
Table 1 73
Table 2 73
Table 3 74
Graphs
Fig. 1 130
Fig. 2 130
Fig. 3 132
Fig. 4 132
Fig. 5 134
Fig. 6 134
Fig. 7 136
List of Plates
Plate Exercises
I 1 16 34 36
II 38 39
III 37 41 42 50 51 52
IV 56 57 62
V 59 64 71 73
VI 72 74 127
VII 83
Vili 65 93 96
IX 97
X 98 109 111
XI 99 108 110 123
XII 112 113 126
XIII 114 115 128
XIV 129 132 140
XV 133
XVI 131 173
XVII 137 143 146
XVIII 161 162 179 181 198
XIX 182 183 187
XX 184 185 204 208 214
XXI 193 201 221
XXII 213 234
XXIII 235
XXIV 212 233 249
XXV 237 242
XXVI 241
XXVII 254
XXVIII 240 256 258
XXIX 262
XXX 259 270
XXXI 263
XXXII 261 273 275
XXXIII 280 281 284
XXXIV 291 316
XXXV 292
XXXVI 293 294 296
XXXVII 297
XXXVIII 298
XXXIX 299
XL 315
XLI 315
XLII 315
XLIII 315 317
XLIV 319
XLV 326
XLVI 326
XLVII 327
XLVIII 329
XLIX 330
L 332 336
LI 333
LII 334 337
LIII 339 341
LIV 343
LV 343
LVI 344
LVII 347
LVIII 346 350
LIX 361
LX 363
LXI 364
LXII 366
LXIII 372
LXIV 372
LXV 374 378
LXVI 376
LXVII 380
LXVIII 380
LXIX 380
LXX 385
LXXI 385
LXXII 385
LXXIII 389
LXXIV 389
LXXV 403
LXXVI 403
LXXVII 404
LXXVIII 404 405
LXXIX 406
LXXX 410
Abbreviations
Abbreviations for editions of papyri, ostraca, and tablets follow J.F. Oates et al., Checklist of
Editions of Greek and Latin Papyri, Ostraca and Tablets, 4th ed. (BASP Suppl. 7, 1992).
Journals and standard works are abbreviated as in L’ Année Philologique and the American
Journal of Archaeology. Modern works cited more than once (and some cited only once)
appear in the Bibliography and are indicated everywhere else by author’s name and date of
publication; those cited only once are given in full.
In addition, the following will be used:
CA = Powell, Johannes U, Collectanea Alexandrina (Oxford 1925).
CGFP = Austin, Colin, Comicorum Graecorum Fragmenta in Papyris Reperta (Berlin 1973).
CO = Crum, Walter Ewig, Coptic Ostraca (London 1902).
CPF = Corpus dei papiri filosofici Greci e Latini voi. I (Firenze 1989); voi. II (1992).
D = Debut, Janine, "Les documents scolaires," ZPE 63 (1986) 251-78.
Kock = Kock, Theodor, Comicorum Atticorum Fragmenta (Leipzig 1880-88).
Nauck = Nauck, August, Tragicorum Graecorum Fragmenta (Leipzig 1889).
P2 = Pack, Roger A., The Greek and Latin Literary Texts from Greco-Roman Egypt (Ann
Arbor 1965).
PCG = Kassel, R., and C. Austin, Poetae Comici Graeci (Berlin and New York 1983-).
PGB = Schubart, Wilhelm, Papyri Graecae Berolinenses (Bonn 1911).
SH = Lloyd-Jones, Hugh, and Peter Parsons, Supplementum Hellenisticum (Berlin and
New York 1983).
SLG = Norsa, Medea, La scrittura letteraria greca dal sec. IV a.C. all’VIII d.C. (Florence,
1939).
TrGF = Kannicht, Richard, and Bruno Snell, Tragicorum Graecorum Fragmenta (Göttingen
1981); Radt, S.L., Tragicorum Graecorum Fragmenta (Göttingen 1985).
Z = Zalateo, Giorgio, "Papiri scolastici," Aegyptus 41 (1961) 160-235.