Working Families: The Transformation of the American Home

402 Pages·2001·1.15 MB·English

by  Rosanna Hertz, Nancy L. Marshall

Working Families
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Working
Families
The Transformation
of the American Home
edited by
Rosanna Hertz and
Nancy L. Marshall
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PRESS
Berkeley . Los Angeles . London
University of California Press
Berkeley and Los Angeles, California
University of California Press, Ltd.
London, England
䉷 2001 by the Regents of the University of California
“Getting Younger While Getting Older: Family-
Building at Midlife” 䉷 2001 by Lillian B. Rubin
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Working families : the transformation of the
American home / edited by Rosanna Hertz and
Nancy L. Marshall.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
isbn 0-520-22222-9 (alk. paper)—isbn 0-520-
22649-6 (pbk. : alk. paper)
1. Dual-career families—United States. 2. Work
and family—United States. 3. Children
of working parents—United States. I. Hertz,
Rosanna. II. Marshall, Nancy L.
hq536 .w6215 2001
306.3'6'0973—dc21 2001027445
Manufactured in the United States of America
10 09 08 07 06 05 04 03 02 01
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
The paper used in this publication meets the
minimum requirements of ansi/niso z39.48-1992
(R 1997) (Permanence of Paper).
Contents
Preface ix
Introduction
Rosanna Hertz and Nancy L. Marshall 1
part one. changing families
1. The Rise of the Dual-Earner Family, 1963–1997
Linda J. Waite and Mark Nielsen 23
2. Gendered Careers: A Life-Course Perspective
Phyllis Moen and Shin-Kap Han 42
3. Getting Younger While Getting Older:
Family-Building at Midlife
Lillian B. Rubin 58
4. Men’s Family Work: Child-Centered Fathering
and the Sharing of Domestic Labor
Scott Coltrane and Michele Adams 72
part two. changing workplaces
5. Family-Responsive Benefits and the Two-Tiered
Labor Market
Cynthia H. Deitch and Matt L. Huffman 103
6. How Are Small Businesses Responding to Work
and Family Issues?
Marcie Pitt-Catsouphes and Leon Litchfield 131
7. Part-Time Work Arrangements and the
Corporation: A Dynamic Interaction
Marcia Brumit Kropf 152
8. Toward a New View of Work and Family Life
Ellen Galinsky 168
9. Work, Family, and Globalization: Broadening the
Scope of Policy Analysis
Harriet E. Gross 187
part three. heartstrings and pursestrings:
gendered views from within
10. Changing the Structure and Culture of Work:
Work and Family Conflict, Work
Flexibility, and Gender Equity in the
Modern Workplace
Kathleen Gerson and Jerry A. Jacobs 207
11. Workplace Policies and the Psychological
Well-Being of First-Time Parents: The Case of
Working-Class Families
Heather-Lyn Haley, Maureen Perry-Jenkins, and
Amy Armenia 227
12. Work, Family, and Gender in Medicine: How Do
Dual-Earners Decide Who Should Work Less?
Lena M. Lundgren, Jennifer Fleischer-Cooperman,
Robert Schneider, and Therese Fitzgerald 251
13. From Baby-sitters to Child Care Providers: The
Development of a Feminist Consciousness in
Family Day Care Workers
Heather M. Fitz Gibbon 270
part four. children’s experiences
14. Children, Work, and Family: Some Thoughts on
“Mother-Blame”
Anita Ilta Garey and Terry Arendell 293
15. The Kinderdult: The New Child Born to Conflict
between Work and Family
Diane Ehrensaft 304
16. Passing between the Worlds of Maid and Mistress:
The Life of a Mexican Maid’s Daughter
Mary Romero 323
17. Eavesdropping Children, Adult Deals, and Cultures
of Care
Arlie Russell Hochschild 340
18. Pick-up Time at Oakdale Elementary School:
Work and Family from the Vantage Points of
Children
Barrie Thorne 354
Contributors 377
Index 383
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Preface
This book grew out of a faculty seminar we co-organized at Wellesley
College to discuss emerging research in multiple disciplines on work and
family as the beginning of a new century approached. Our colleagues in
that seminar identified the incredible complexity of work and family
scholarship that is shifting the intersection of these two fields from a
simple dichotomy to a multifaceted arena. When the seminar ended, we
decided to expand this work and were fortunate to establish a joint
partnership with the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation and the Business and
Professional Women’s Foundation to cosponsor, in 1998, a national
conference entitled “Work and Family: Today’s Realities and Tomor-
row’s Visions.”
The conference attempted to link academics and the business com-
munity to examine current issues involving work and family. The spon-
sors brought different but compatible interests to the planning of the
conference. The Alfred P. Sloan Foundation program on Working Fam-
ilies was interested in the issues faced by dual-career families as they
coped with the competing demands of work and family. The Business
and Professional Women’s (BPW) Foundation was interested in research
that supports its mission to promote equity for working women. To this
we added our interest in the diversity of experiences across multiple
social locations, including social class, race or ethnicity, and gender. This
partnership produced a rich and varied conference, with over 100 papers
and presentations.
ix