Table Of ContentWittgenstein: Meaning and Mind
Part I: Essays
Other volumes of this Commentary
Wittgenstein: Understanding and Meaning, Volume 1 of An Analytical
Commentary on the Philosophical Investigations
Part I: Essays
second, extensively revised edition
G. P. Baker and P. M. S. Hacker
Wittgenstein: Understanding and Meaning, Volume 1 of An Analytical
Commentary on the Philosophical Investigations
Part II: Exegesis §§1 – 184
second, extensively revised edition
G. P. Baker and P. M. S. Hacker
Wittgenstein: Rules, Grammar and Necessity, Volume 2 of An Analytical
Commentary on the Philosophical Investigations
Essays and Exegesis of §§185 – 242
second, extensively revised edition
G. P. Baker and P. M. S. Hacker
Wittgenstein: Mind and Will, Volume 4 of An Analytical Commentary on the
Philosophical Investigations
Part I: Essays
P. M. S. Hacker
Wittgenstein: Mind and Will, Volume 4 of An Analytical Commentary on the
Philosophical Investigations
Part II: Exegesis §§428 – 693
P. M. S. Hacker
Epilogue:
Wittgenstein’s Place in Twentieth‐Century Analytic Philosophy
P. M. S. Hacker
Companion to this volume
Wittgenstein: Meaning and Mind, Volume 3 of An Analytical Commentary on
the Philosophical Investigations
Part II: Exegesis §§243 – 427
second, extensively revised edition
P. M. S. Hacker
Volume 3
of An Analytical Commentary on
the Philosophical Investigations
Wittgenstein:
Meaning and Mind
Part I: Essays
Second, extensively revised edition
P. M. S. Hacker
This edition first published 2019
© 2019 John Wiley & Sons Ltd
Edition History
Wiley‐Blackwell (1e, 1990)
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Contents
Note to the second edition: Part I: Essays xi
Acknowledgements to the first edition xv
Acknowledgements to the second edition xvii
Introduction to Part I: Essays xxi
Abbreviations xxv
I Introduction to the private language arguments 1
1. The Augustinian conception of language and Wittgenstein’s
early commitments 1
2. The place of the private language arguments in the Philosophical
Investigations 9
3. The Great Tradition and its long shadow 13
4. From grammatical trivialities to metaphysical mysteries 16
5. The dialectic of the mental 21
II Only I can have 25
1. The traditional picture and its predicaments 25
2. Private ownership 28
3. Dispelling conceptual illusions and confusions 33
III Only I can know 41
1. The roots of the problem 41
2. Wittgenstein’s response to the classical conception 46
3. Wittgenstein’s sketchy account of knowledge 50
4. The cognitive network: connective analysis 54
5. A different route: the functions of the verb ‘to know’ 57
6. The temptations of the received view resisted 60
7. Further objections rebutted 64
IV Private ostensive definition 69
1. A ‘private’ language 69
2. Names, ostensive definitions and samples — a reminder 73
viii Contents
3. The vocabulary of a private language 76
4. Idle wheels 85
V Men, minds and machines 89
1. Human beings, their parts and their bodies 89
2. The mind 94
3. Only in the stream of life … 97
4. Homunculi and brains 100
5. Can machines think? 102
VI Avowals and descriptions 113
1. Descriptions of subjective experience 113
2. Descriptions 115
3. Natural expression 117
4. A spectrum of cases 121
VII Behaviour and behaviourism 127
1. Behaviourism in psychology and philosophy 127
2. Wittgenstein: first reactions 134
3. Crypto‐behaviourism? 142
4. Body and behaviour 146
VIII Knowledge of other minds: the inner and the outer 153
1. Semi‐solipsism 153
2. Inside and outside 155
3. The indeterminacy of the mental 161
IX An overview of the achievement of the private
language arguments 167
1. An overview 167
2. Fundamental insights 173
3. Fidelity to philosophical methodology 180
4. Consequences and confusions 185
X Thinking: methodological muddles and categorial
confusions 191
1. Thinking: a muddle elevated to a mystery 191
2. Methodological clarifications 194
3. Activities of the mind 196
4. Processes in the mind 202
