Wireless Technician's Handbook

313 Pages·2003·3.33 MB·English

by  Andrew Miceli

Wireless Technician’s Handbook
Second Edition

ForacompletelistingoftheArtechHouseMobileCommunicationsSeries,
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Wireless Technician’s Handbook
Second Edition
Andrew Miceli
Artech House
Boston • London
www.artechhouse.com
LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData
Miceli,Andrew.
Wirelesstechnician’shandbook/AndrewMiceli.—2nded.
p.cm.—(ArtechHousemobilecommunicationsseries)
Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.
ISBN1-58053-357-4(alk.paper)
1.Wirelesscommunicationsystems. I.Title II.Series.
TK5103.2.M532003
621.382—dc21 2003052297
BritishLibraryCataloguinginPublicationData
Miceli,Andrew
Wirelesstechnician’shandbook.—2nded.—
(ArtechHousemobilecommunicationsseries)
1.Wirelesscommunicationsystems I.Title
621.3’82
ISBN1-58053-357-4
CoverdesignbyIgorValdman
©2003ARTECHHOUSE,INC.
685CantonStreet
Norwood,MA02062
Allrightsreserved.PrintedandboundintheUnitedStatesofAmerica.Nopart
ofthisbookmaybereproducedorutilizedinanyformorbyanymeans,electronic
or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage
andretrievalsystem,withoutpermissioninwritingfromthepublisher.
All terms mentioned in this book that are known to be trademarks or service
markshavebeenappropriatelycapitalized.ArtechHousecannotattesttotheaccu-
racyofthisinformation.Useofaterminthisbookshouldnotberegardedasaffect-
ingthevalidityofanytrademarkorservicemark.
InternationalStandardBookNumber:1-58053-357-4
LibraryofCongressCatalogCardNumber:2003052297
10987654321
Contents
Foreword xi
Acknowledgments xiii
CHAPTER 1
Reviewing the Basics 1
1.1 AReviewfortheTechnician,anIntroductionfortheNewcomer 1
1.2 Domains:TimeandFrequency 1
1.3 Power 3
1.4 UnderstandingPropagation 6
1.5 TheTransmitandReceivePath 9
1.6 DigitalBasics 11
1.7 Modulation 15
1.8 Vocoding 16
1.9 ShiftKeying 18
1.10 GSMandGMSK 20
1.11 π/4DQPSKandIS-136 20
1.12 QPSK/O-QPSKandCDMA 20
1.13 8PSK 21
1.14 SpreadSpectrum 21
1.15 Conclusion 22
CHAPTER 2
Cellular Radio Concepts 23
2.1 TheCellularConcept 23
2.2 TheHistoryofCellular 23
2.3 The“Cell”inCellular 28
2.4 TheTypicalModernNetwork 31
2.5 TheConceptofMultipleAccess 32
2.6 TheKeytoTrulyMobileCommunications—TheHandoff 34
v
vi Contents
2.7 Sectorization 36
2.8 Antennas 37
2.9 ImprovingPerformance 39
2.10 SqueezingOutAsMuchAsWeCan—RepeatersandFrontEnds 40
2.11 SystemsinUseAroundtheGlobe 42
2.12 Conclusion 45
CHAPTER 3
Advanced Mobile Phone Service 47
3.1 TheBasicsofAMPS 47
3.2 TheAnalogNetwork 47
3.3 SignalingontheAnalogSystem 48
3.4 PreparingAnalogSignals 51
3.5 IdentifyingtheMobilesandBaseStations 53
3.6 FrequencyChannels 55
3.7 ControlandVoiceChannels 55
3.8 TheFOCC 56
3.9 TheRECC 60
3.10 TheVoiceChannels 61
3.11 Call-ProcessingStates 63
3.12 TransmitPower 64
3.13 TheHandoff 65
3.14 TheProblemswithAMPS 67
3.15 Conclusion 69
CHAPTER 4
NA-TDMA 71
4.1 IntroductiontoNA-TDMA 71
4.2 NomenclatureofNA-TDMA—IdentifiersandArchitecture 72
4.3 ChannelsinNA-TDMA 74
4.4 π/4DQPSK—TheModulationofNA-TDMA 75
4.5 TheFOCC,RECC,FVC,andRVCinIS-136 77
4.6 TheDigitalTrafficChannel 79
4.7 MessagesontheDTCH 82
4.8 TheDCCH 83
4.9 SleepMode 85
4.10 MessagesontheDCCH 86
4.11 MAHO 87
4.12 Authentication 88
4.13 Conclusion 92
Contents vii
CHAPTER 5
GSM 93
5.1 Introduction 93
5.2 GSMSystemArchitecture 94
5.3 IdentifiersinGSM 95
5.4 ModulationinGSM 96
5.5 PowerLevels 97
5.6 GSMChannels 98
5.7 ControlChannels 100
5.8 VocodersandTrafficChannels 102
5.9 Messaging 104
5.10 BurstTypes 105
5.11 FrequencyHopping 106
5.12 Handovers 107
5.13 MultipathEqualization 107
5.14 Stage2andBeyond 107
5.15 Conclusion 108
CHAPTER 6
GPRS and EDGE 109
6.1 Introduction 109
6.2 GPRSBasics 111
6.3 PacketDataProtocolBasics 111
6.4 GPRSPhonesandDevices 112
6.5 UnderstandingtheLayers 113
6.6 GPRSPhysicalChannels 114
6.7 GPRSCoding 117
6.8 Bursts 119
6.9 ChannelAllocation 120
6.10 LogicalChannels 122
6.11 OverviewofGPRSProcesses 124
6.12 TheEDGEFormat 125
6.13 8PSKModulationandEDGECoding 126
6.14 EDGEandtheFuture 127
CHAPTER 7
CDMA IS-95 and J-Std-008 129
7.1 Introduction 129
7.2 TheModulationWeUseinCDMA 129
7.3 MultipleAccessinCDMA 129
7.4 Capacity:TheReasonfortheHype 130