Table Of Contentwww.it-ebooks.info
Rand Morimoto, Ph.D.,
MCSE, CISSP
Jeff Guillet, MCITP,
MCSE, CISSP
Windows Server
®
2008 Hyper-V
U N L E A S H E D
800 East 96th Street,Indianapolis,Indiana 46240 USA
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Windows® Server 2008 Hyper-V Unleashed Editor-in-Chief
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ISBN-13: 978-0-672-33028-5
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Windows server 2008 Hyper-V unleashed / Rand Morimoto,Jeff Guillet.
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1. Microsoft Windows server Hyper-V. 2. Virtual computer systems. I. Guillet,Jeff. II. Brad Herriman
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Contents at a Glance
Introduction...................................................................................1
Part I Windows 2008 Hyper-V Overview
1 Windows Server 2008 Hyper-V Technology Primer................................7
2 Best Practices at Planning, Prototyping, Migrating, and Deploying
Windows Server 2008 Hyper-V.........................................................39
3 Planning, Sizing, and Architecting a Hyper-V Environment...................73
Part II Windows 2008 Hyper-V Host and Guest Installation
4 Installing Windows 2008 Server and the Hyper-V Role .......................101
5 Installing a Guest Session on Hyper-V..............................................129
Part III Administering and Maintaining Hyper-V Host Services
6 Managing, Administering, and Maintaining a Hyper-V Host Server.......151
7 Optimizing the Hyper-V Host Server and Guest Sessions.....................209
Part IV System Center Virtual Machine Manager 2008 in a Hyper-V Environment
8 System Center Virtual Machine Manager Technology Primer...............253
9 Installing and Getting Familiar with Virtual Machine Manager 2008.....273
10 Creating Guest Images from Existing Production and Virtual Systems...301
11 Using Virtual Machine Manager 2008 for Provisioning.......................321
Part V Maintaining Guest Session Uptime in a Hyper-V Environment
12 Application-Level Failover and Disaster Recovery in a Hyper-V
Environment...............................................................................349
13 Debugging and Problem Solving the Hyper-V Host and Guest
Operating System.........................................................................385
Index.........................................................................................429
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Table of Contents
Introduction 1
Part I Windows 2008 Hyper-V Overview
1 Windows Server 2008 Hyper-V Technology Primer 7
What Is Server Virtualization and Microsoft Hyper-V?............................7
Virtualization as an IT Organization Strategy................................8
Microsoft Hyper-V Server as a Role in Windows Server 2008............8
Choosing to Virtualize Servers..........................................................11
Virtualization for Test and Development Environments................11
Virtualization for Server Consolidation......................................11
Virtualization as a Strategy for Disaster Recovery and High
Availability..........................................................................12
Understanding Microsoft’s Virtualization Strategy................................13
Acquisition of Virtual PC.........................................................13
Microsoft Virtual Server...........................................................13
Virtual Server 2005.................................................................14
Virtual Server 2005 R2.............................................................14
Integration of Hypervisor Technology in Windows Server 2008......15
What’s New in Hyper-V...................................................................15
New Features That Provide Better Virtual Host Capabilities............16
New Features That Provide Better Administration Support.............16
New Features That Provide Better Guest Support..........................17
New Features That Provide Better Reliability Capabilities...............18
Determining What Is Needed to Virtualize Servers...............................19
Versions of Windows Server 2008 That Host Hyper-V...................19
Versions of Guest Sessions Supported Under Hyper-V...................23
Guest Session Integration Support Tools.....................................27
The Right Time to Implement Hyper-V..............................................27
Adding a Hyper-V Host Server in an Existing Active Directory
2000/2003 Environment........................................................28
Waiting to Fully Implement Windows 2008 in the Environment....29
Migrating from Microsoft Virtual Server 2005 and VMware...................29
Mounting Existing Virtual Guest Images on Hyper-V....................29
Performing a Virtual to Virtual Migration of Guest Images............30
Using VMM to Manage VMware Virtual Infrastructure 3...............30
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Contents v
Understanding the Administration of Virtual Guest Sessions.................31
Management Using the Hyper-V Administration Tool...................31
Management Using the Virtual Machine Manager 2008 Tool.........32
Management Using Thin Client Terminal Services.......................32
Ensuring High Availability of a Hyper-V Host Server............................35
No Single Point of Failure in Clustering.....................................35
Stretched Clusters for Hyper-V Hosts and Guests Across Sites.........36
Leveraging Storage Area Networks for Virtual Hosts and Guests......36
Summary......................................................................................37
Best Practices.................................................................................37
2 Best Practices at Planning,Prototyping,Migrating,and Deploying
Windows Server 2008 Hyper-V 39
Determining the Scope of Your Project..............................................40
Identifying the Business Goals and Objectives to Implement Hyper-V
Virtualization..............................................................................40
High-Level Business Goals........................................................41
Business Unit or Departmental Goals.........................................42
Identifying the Technical Goals and Objectives to Implement Hyper-V...43
Defining the Scope of the Work................................................43
Determining the Time Frame for Implementation or Migration......45
Defining the Participants of the Design and Deployment Teams.....47
The Discovery Phase: Understanding the Existing Environment.............49
Understanding the Geographical Depth and Breadth....................50
Managing Information Overload...............................................52
Assessing Applications for Resource Requirements........................52
The Design Phase: Documenting the Vision and the Plan.....................53
Collaboration Sessions: Making the Design Decisions...................53
Organizing Information for a Structured Design Document...........54
Windows Server 2008 Hyper-V Design Decisions.........................56
Agreeing on the Design...........................................................56
The Migration Planning Phase: Documenting the Process for
Migration...................................................................................57
Time for the Project Plan.........................................................57
Speed Versus Risk...................................................................58
Creating the Migration Document............................................59
The Prototype Phase: Creating and Testing the Plan.............................63
How Do You Build the Lab?.....................................................63
Results of the Lab Testing Environment.....................................64
The Pilot Phase: Validating the Plan on an Initial Set of Servers.............65
The First Server in the Pilot......................................................66
Rolling Out the Pilot Phase......................................................66
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vi Windows®Server 2008 Hyper-V Unleashed
Fixing Problems in the Pilot Phase............................................67
Documenting the Results of the Pilot.........................................67
The Migration/Implementation Phase: Conducting the Migration or
Installation.................................................................................68
Verifying End-User Satisfaction.................................................68
Supporting the New Virtualized Environment.............................68
Summary......................................................................................68
Best Practices.................................................................................69
The Discovery Phase...............................................................70
The Design Phase...................................................................70
The Migration Planning Phase..................................................71
The Prototype Phase...............................................................71
The Pilot Phase......................................................................71
The Migration/Implementation Phase........................................71
3 Planning,Sizing,and Architecting a Hyper-V Environment 73
Logically Distributing Virtual Servers on Specific Host Systems..............73
Distributing Virtual Servers Based on Workload...........................73
Distributing Virtual Servers Based on Redundancy.......................75
Distributing Virtual Servers Based on Server Interrelationships.......76
Distributing Virtual Servers Based on User Connectivity ...............76
Distributing Virtual Servers Across a WAN Connection.................77
Choosing Servers to Virtualize..........................................................78
Prioritizing Servers to Virtualize................................................78
Candidates for Immediate Virtualization to Guest Sessions............78
Secondary Candidates for Virtualization to Guest Sessions ............79
Servers That Need to Be Evaluated for Candidacy for
Virtualization ......................................................................81
Capturing the Workload Demands of Existing Servers..........................82
Introducing the Microsoft Virtualization Solution Accelerator........82
Prerequisites for Installing the Microsoft VSA Tool.......................82
Installing the Microsoft VSA Tool..............................................83
Setting Up the Microsoft VSA Tool to Capture Data for the
First Time............................................................................84
Choosing the Right Time Sequence to Capture Data.....................88
Preparing a Server Consolidation Recommendation Report ...........89
Analyzing the Workload Demands of Existing Servers..........................90
Identify Servers That Are and Are Not Virtualization Candidates....92
Combining Virtual Server Workloads to Create Optimized
Host Servers.........................................................................92
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Contents vii
Choosing the Hyper-V Host System Environment................................92
Hyper-V on a Dedicated Host Server..........................................93
Hyper-V on a Blade Among Other Physical Servers.......................93
Sizing a Hyper-V Host System Without Existing Guest Data..................93
Sizing Your Windows Server 2008 Server to Support
Virtualization ......................................................................94
Running Other Services on the Hyper-V System..........................95
Planning for the Use of Snapshots on the Hyper-V System............95
Summary......................................................................................96
Best Practices.................................................................................96
Part II Windows 2008 Hyper-V Host and Guest Installation
4 Installing Windows 2008 Server and the Hyper-V Role 101
Planning and Preparing a Server Installation.....................................101
Verifying Minimum Hardware Requirements.............................102
Choosing the Appropriate Windows Edition.............................102
Choosing a New Installation or an Upgrade..............................103
Full Version of Windows or Server Core Installation...................103
Member Server or Standalone Server........................................104
Gathering the Information Necessary to Proceed........................104
Backing Up Files...................................................................106
Installing a Clean Version of Windows Server 2008 Operating System...107
1. Customizing the Language, Time, Currency, and Keyboard
Preferences........................................................................107
2. The Install Now Page.........................................................108
3. Entering the Product Key....................................................108
4. Selecting the Type of Operating System to Install ...................108
5. Accepting the Terms of the Windows Server 2008 License........109
6. Selecting the Type of Windows Server 2008 Installation...........109
7. Selecting the Location for the Installation.............................109
8. Finalizing the Installation and Customizing the
Configuration....................................................................111
Installing the Hyper-V Server Role...................................................115
Running Server Manager to Add the Hyper-V Role.....................116
Understanding Server Core Installation............................................118
Performing a Server Core Installation.......................................118
Performing Common Server Tasks with Server Core...........................120
Launching the Command Prompt in a Server Core Installation....121
Changing the Server Core Administrator’s Password...................121
Changing the Server Core Machine Name.................................121
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viii Windows®Server 2008 Hyper-V Unleashed
Assigning a Static IPV4 IP Address and DNS Settings...................121
Adding the Server Core System to a Domain.............................123
Enabling Remote Management and Remote Desktop to
Server Core........................................................................123
Rebooting and Shutting Down a Server Core System..................123
Installing Hyper-V Server Role on a Server Core System...............123
Server Core Roles and Feature Installations...............................124
Summary....................................................................................126
Best Practices...............................................................................126
5 Installing a Guest Session on Hyper-V 129
Choosing the Guest Session Operating System..................................129
Installing a Windows-Based Guest Operating System Session...............130
Gathering the Components Needed for a Windows-Based Guest
Session..............................................................................130
Beginning the Installation of the Windows-Based Guest Session...131
Completing the Installation of the Windows-Based Guest
Session..............................................................................134
Installing a Linux-Based Guest Operating System Session....................135
Gathering the Components Needed for a Linux-Based Guest
Session..............................................................................135
Beginning the Installation of the Linux-Based Guest Session........136
Completing the Installation of the Linux-Based Guest
Session (x86)......................................................................137
Completing the Installation of the Linux-Based Guest
Session (x64)......................................................................138
Modifying Guest Session Configuration Settings................................139
Adding or Limiting the RAM of the Guest Session......................139
Changing Network Settings for the Guest Session.......................140
Mounting a Physical CD/DVD Image or Mounting a CD/DVD
Image File..........................................................................140
Other Settings to Modify for a Guest Session Configuration.........141
Launching a Hyper-V Guest Session.................................................141
Automatically Launching a Guest Session.................................141
Manually Launching a Guest Session.......................................143
Save State of a Guest Session...................................................143
Installing the Windows Guest Session Integration Tools......................143
Installing the Windows Integration Tools.................................144
Using Snapshots of Guest Operating System Sessions..........................145
Snapshots for Image Rollback.................................................145
Snapshots for Guest Session Server Fault Tolerance.....................145
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Contents ix
Creating a Snapshot of a Guest Image......................................146
Rolling Back a Guest Image to a Previous Snapshot Image...........146
Reverting a Snapshot Session..................................................147
Summary....................................................................................147
Best Practices...............................................................................147
Part III Administering and Maintaining Hyper-V Host Services
6 Managing,Administering,and Maintaining a Hyper-V Host Server 151
Becoming Familiar with the Hyper-V Administration Console..............152
Launching the Hyper-V Administration Console........................152
Using the Server Manager Tool to Manage Hyper-V Systems........152
Using the Hyper-V MMC Tool to Manage Hyper-V Systems.........153
Connecting to a Different Virtual Server System........................154
Managing Windows Server 2008 Remotely.......................................155
Remote Server Administration Tools........................................155
Remote Desktop...................................................................159
Windows Remote Management...............................................162
Managing Host Server, Virtual Switch, and Disk Settings.....................163
Configuring Host Server Settings.............................................163
Stopping the Hyper-V Service.................................................165
Managing Virtual Network Segments with the Virtual Switch.......165
Modifying Disk Settings and Configurations.............................167
Inspect Disk.........................................................................168
Using Common Practices for Securing and Managing a Hyper-V
Host Server................................................................................168
Identifying Security Risks.......................................................168
Using System Center Operations Manager 2007 to Simplify
Management......................................................................169
Leveraging Windows Server 2008 Maintenance Practices.............170
Specific Security Practices for Hyper-V Host Servers....................170
Keeping Up with Service Packs and Updates......................................172
Manual Update or CD-ROM Update.........................................172
Automatic Updates...............................................................174
Windows Server Update Services.............................................176
Offline Virtual Machine Servicing Tool.....................................177
Backing Up the Hyper-V Host and Guests.........................................178
Installing Windows Server Backup...........................................179
Scheduling a Backup Using Windows Server Backup and
Allocating Disks..................................................................182
Running a Manual Backup to a Remote Server Share ..................184
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