Table Of ContentG. BroIl . W. Merbach . E.-M. Pfeiffer (Eds.)
Wetlands in Central Europe
Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg GmbH
Gabriele Broll · Wolfgang Merbach
Eva-Maria Pfeiffer (Eds.)
Wetlands in
Central Europe
Soil Organisms, Soil Ecological Processes
and Trace Gas Emissions
With 64 Figures and 59 Tables
Springer
Professor Dr. Gabriele BroIl
Department of Geoecology (ISPA)
University of Vechta
DriverstraBe 22
49377 Vechta, Germany
Professor Dr. Wolfgang Merbach
Institute of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition
University of Halle-Wittenberg
Adam-Kuckhoff-Str. 17B
06108 Halle (Saale), Germany
Professor Dr. Eva-Maria Pfeiffer
Institute of Soil Science
Allende-Platz 2
20146 Hamburg, Germany
ISBN 978-3-642-07795-1 ISBN 978-3-662-05054-5 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-3-662-05054-5
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Wetlands in Central Europe: soil organisms, soil ecological processes,
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Preface
Soil Ecology deals with the interactions among soil organisms and between such
organisms and the environment. Soil Ecology has gained increasing attention dur-
ing the past years and has contributed to the understanding of ecological processes
in many ecosystems. Wetlands, which are unique and very sensitive ecosystems,
function as a habitat for many organisms, including soil organisms. Although
information on soil ecological processes in wetlands is still lacking, such knowl-
edge is very much needed for landscape planning purposes and for climate change
predictions. This book on the ecology of wetland soils in Central Europe focuses
on wetlands as habitats for soil organisms, on soil ecological processes in fens and
floodplains, on carbon and nitrogen dynamics in soils with different water regimes,
and on trace gas emissions.
Papers are based on presentations made at a workshop on soil ecological pro-
cesses in wetlands held at the Centre for Agricultural Landscape and Land Use
Research (ZALF) in Mi.incheberg, Germany in 1998. This workshop was organised
by the Working Group on Soil Ecology of the German Soil Society.
The production of this book was accomplished with much valuable assistance.
Manuscripts were reviewed , and constructive suggestions made, by Karl-Georg
Bernardt (Vienna, Austria), Hans-Peter Blume (Kiel, Germany), Wolfram Dunger
(Gorlitz, Germany), Karl-Heinz Feger (Dresden, Germany), Catherine Fox (Lon-
don, Canada), Thomas Katterer (Uppsala, Sweden), Christian Knoblauch (Bremen,
Germany), Pertti Martikainen (Kuopio, Finland), Heinz-Ulrich Neue (Halle, Ger-
many), William H. Patrick (Baton Rouge, U.S.A.), Hans-Wilhelm Scharpenseel
(Hamburg, Germany), Jouko Silvola (Joensuu, Finland), Hans Sticher (Zi.irich,
Switzerland), Charles Tarnocai (Ottawa, Canada), Werner Topp (Cologne, Ger-
many), and Gi.inter Trolldenier (Hannover, Germany). We gratefully acknowledge
their comments. Many thanks also go to Yvonne Oelmann and Petra Filzek, Insti-
tute of Landscape Ecology in Mi.inster, for the editing and the manuscript prepara-
tion and to Christian Witschel and his staff of Springer Publishers for their help.
Gabriele Broil, Wolfgang Merbach and Eva-Maria Pfeiffer
Contents
Wetlands as habitats for soil organisms
Anneke Beylich and Ulfert Graefe
Annelid coenoses of wetlands representing different
decomposer communities 1
Beate Keplin and Gabriele Broil
Earthworm coenoses in wet grassland of Northwest-Germany.
Effects of restoration management on a Histosol and a Gleysol 11
David J. Russell, Hans Schick, and Dietrich Nahrig
Reactions of soil Collembolan communities to inundation
in floodplain ecosystems of the Upper Rhine Valley 35
Soil ecological processes in fens and floodplains
Claudia Erber, Peter Felix-Henningsen, Klaus Handke,
Wolfgang Kundel, and Karl-Friedrich Schreiber
Management of moist grassland in a fresh-water marsh
of the Weser river: effects on soil, vegetation, and fauna 71
Karsten Kalbitz, Holger Rupp, and Ralph Meissner
N-, P- and DOC-dynamics in soil and groundwater
after restoration of intensively cultivated fens 99
Uwe SchleuB, Michael Trepel, Holger Wetzel,
Claus-Georg Schimming, and Winfried Kluge
Interaction between hydrology, pedology and vegetation
at three minerothrophic peatland ecosystems 117
VIII Contents
Carbon and nitrogen dynamics in soils with different
water regimes
Oliver Bens and Peter Felix-Henningsen
Variability of decomposition and nitrogen turnover
in Scots pine ecosystems in Northwest-Germany
under the influence of groundwater lowering 133
Heinrich Hoper
Carbon and nitrogen mineralisation rates of fens in Germany
used for agriculture. A review 149
Reinhard Well, Jurgen Augustin, and Knut Meyer
In situ measurement of denitrification and N20 production
in the saturated zone of three Eutric Histosols and a Mollie Gleysol 165
Trace gas emissions
Michael Sommer and Sabine Fiedler
Methane emissions from wetland soils in Southwest-Germany 177
Luise Giani and Katja Dittrich
Methane dynamics of saltmarsh soils built up from marine
and peat material at the German North Sea coast 197
Stephan Glatzel and Karl Stahr
The greenhouse gas exchange of a pond margin in South Germany 215
Wolfgang Merbach, Thomas Kalettka, Catrin Rudat,
and Jurgen Augustin
Trace gas emissions from riparian areas of small eutrophic
inland waters in Northeast-Germany 235
Editors
Gabriele Broil is professor for geo ecology and agro ecology at the University of
Vechta. Her research topics within soil ecology are arctic and alpine ecosystems as
well as grassland ecosystems in temperate regions. After finishing her PhD at the
University of MUnster she worked as head of the laboratory at the Institute of
Landscape Ecology at the University of MUnster, where she also finished her habil-
itation in 2001. She is chair of the Soil Ecology Working Group of the German Soil
Science Society.
Wolfgang Merbach is professor for plant physiology and plant nutrition at the
University of Halle-Wittenberg. His research topics are ecophysiology and carbon
cycling in the rhizosphere as well as the nitrogen cycle in agroecosystems. After
finishing his PhD at the University of Jena he worked as head of the isotope labora-
tory of the MUncheberg Soil Fertility Research Centre and since 1992 as head of
the Institute of Ecophysiology at the Centre for Agricultural Landscape and Land
Use Research in MUncheberg. He chaired the German Plant Nutrition Society until
2002, as well as a few years ago the Commission of Soil Fertility and Plant Nutri-
tion of the Germany Soil Society.
Eva-Maria Pfeiffer is professor for soil science at the University of Hamburg. Her
research topics are methane emissions in wetlands and soil ecological processes in
permafrost affected soils of Sibiria related to climate change. After finishing her
PhD at the University of Hamburg she was working first at the Environmental
Agency of Hamburg. After finishing her habilitation in 1998 she was working for
the Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research in Bremerhaven. Since
2000 she was head of a research group on permafrost affected soils and carbon
cycling at the Potsdam Research Unit of the Alfred Wegener Institute. She was
chair of the Soil Assessment Working Group of the German Soil Society until
2002.
Authors
JUrgen Augustin
Centre for Agricultural Landscape and Land Use Research (ZALF)
Eberswalder Str. 84
15374 Miincheberg
e-mail: [email protected]
Oliver Bens
Chair of Soil Protection and Recultivation
Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus
POB 10 13 44
03013 Cottbus
e-mail: [email protected]
Anneke Beylich
Institute of Applied Soil Biology (IFAB)
Gartenstadtweg 29
12524 Berlin
e-mail: [email protected]
Gabriele BroIl
Dep. of Geo Ecology (lSPA)
University ofVechta
POB 1553
49364 Vechta
[email protected]
Katja Dittrich
Dep. of Biology, Earth and Environmental Sciences
University of Oldenburg
POB 2503
26111 Oldenburg
e-mail: [email protected]
