Water Co-Management

371 Pages·2013·4.547 MB·English

by  American Water Works Association

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well as a guide for policymakers and students.
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New York, NY 10017 Velma I. Grover
an informa business
2 Park Square, Milton Park Gail KGraailn Ktzrbaenrtgzberg
www.taylorandfrancisgroup.com Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN, UK Gail Krantzberg A ScieNce PUBLiSheRS BOOK
Water Co-Management
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Water Co-Management
Editors
Velma I. Grover
Adjunct Professor
Faculty of Environmental Studies
York University
Toronto, ON
Canada
Gail Krantzberg
Professor and Director
Centre for Engineered and Public Policy
School of Engineering Practice
McMaster University
Hamilton, ON
Canada
p,
A SCIENCE PUBLISHERS BOOK
GL--Prelims with new title page.indd ii 4/25/2012 9:52:40 AM
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Preface
Nothing truly valuable can be achieved
except by the unselfi sh cooperation of many individuals.
— Albert Einstein, 1940
Although, the term co-management is of recent origin, its use can be
traced back to the late 1970s in the management of salmon under the Boldt
Decision by the U.S. Treaty Tribes in Washington Statebutthecurrentpractice
of power sharing in resource management can be traced back to the 1890s
(Berkes 2009).
Co-management is a term so often used interchangeably with other
terms such as stakeholders’ engagement and public participation; however
it is slightly different from both these terms, in that arrangements are
made for managing the resources by sharing decision-making among
stakeholders. The papers by Berkes (2009) and Carlsson and Berkes (2005)
inspired us to look more closely at the concept of co-management and
since our work is in the fi eld of water, the result is this book on “water co-
management”. The aim of the book is to bring out the differences between
water co-management and public participation in local water issues. Though
co-management has been applied successfully in other sectors of natural
resources management such as forestry, the focus in this book is on river
basins, coastal areas, fi sheries and groundwater co-management.
Implementation of co-management takes time and understanding
among stakeholders but it results in more sustainable and long lasting
solution to complex issues. Most of the examples in the book refer to co-
management of water resources but in a move towards more holistic or
integrated approach, the ideal condition will be to look at different sectors
together. One of the forward looking chapters in the book also explores
co-managing water and energy resources together (focus of discussion
in the chapter is more on how to co-manage different sectors rather than
co-management in strict sense of involving stakeholders). Since there will
be confl ict between old knowledge, cultural differences and existing way
of doing things with new recommended co-management model, there is a
need to be fl exible and adapt with lessons being learnt within the process
itself; thus the practice of adaptive co-management becomes crucial to
vi Water Co-Management
make the planning process iterative based on ground reality and lessons
being learnt along the way. This becomes all the more important as we
move towards co-management since it is no longer top-down infl exible
policy or plan being implemented, but rather a more fl exible approach to
management practices. Some authors have also explained the importance
and use of adaptive co-management in this book.
The audience of the book includes everyone who, in one way or the
other, is involved at the local, regional, national or international level in
the governance and management of water resources and is searching
for alternate water management methods and principles.The wealth of
examples and tools discussed in the book in applying co-management in
different geographical, ecological and cultural settings can also be used by
academic community (both faculty and students) to further explore lessons
learnt from water co-management in different areas and how to build on
the success or failures of the examples provided.
Velma I. Grover
Gail Krantzberg
Hamilton, ON, Canada
Berkes, Fikret. 2009. Evolution of co-management: Role of knowledge generation, bridging
organizations and social learning. Journal of Environmental Management 90 pp.
1692–1702.
Carlsson, L. and F. Berkes. 2005. Co-management: concepts and methodological implications.
Journal of Environmental Management 75 pp. 65–76.
Contents
Preface v
1. Co-Management: Principles and Complexities 1
Velma I. Grover and Gail Krantzberg
2. Sustainable Development and the Water Energy Nexus 16
George Nasr
3. Working Toward Co-Management of the Raccoon River 31
Watershed in Iowa: The Role of Civil Society
Cornelia Butler Flora and Michael Delaney
4. An Analysis of Public Participation in the Lake Ontario— 48
St. Lawrence River Study
Gemma Carr, Daniel P. Loucks and Günter Blöschl
5. Managing a Multi-objective, Bi-national Study on Rationalizing 78
the State of Upper Great Lakes Water Levels and the
Development of Improved Regulation Plans
Syed M.A. Moin
6. Towards Community-based Management of Water Resources: 111
A Critical Ethnography of Lake and Groundwater Conservation
in Pushkar, India
Christina A. Joseph
7. Governance Reform to Secure Resilience in the Nearshore 135
Waters of the Great Lakes Basin
Gail Krantzberg
8. Co-Generated Knowledge for Co-Management of a Mobile 147
Resource: Anishinabek/Ontario Fisheries Resource Centre
Tom Whillans, Cliff Meness and Ed Desson
9. Taking the “Co” out of “Co-Management” The Delegitimization 168
of Fishing Communities on Lake Victoria, E. Africa
Ted Lawrence
viii Water Co-Management
10. Barriers and Opportunities to Adaptive Co-Management of the 197
Tisza River Basin in Hungary
Béla Borsos, Jan Sendzimir, Peter Balogh and László Koncsos
11. Co-Management of Water Resources in a High Density 227
Environment as a Stimulus for Sustainable Regional
Development
Cheryl de Boer and Hans Bressers
12. Irrigation Water Co-Management in The Limarí River Basin, 255
Chile
Alejandro León Stewart and Rodrigo Fuster Gómez
13. Adaptive Co-Management and Learning: Developments in 266
Coastal Management in the Netherlands from 1985 to 2010
Leon M. Hermans, Scott W. Cunningham and Jill H. Slinger
14. The Roles of Knowledge in the Emergence of Co-Management 292
Initiatives for Transboundary Groundwaters: The Case of the
Génévois Aquifer
Martin Walter
15. Guarani Aquifer Co-Management and the Brazilian 317
Experience
Pilar Carolina Villar
16. Institutional Dynamics of Khorezmian Water Management 337
on the Farmer Level in Uzbekistan: From Ancient Practices
to the Present Situation
Darya Hirsch
Index 353
About the Editors 357
Color Plate Section 359
1
Co-Management
Principles and Complexities
Velma I. Grover1,* and Gail Krantzberg2
Introduction
Sustainability, sustainable management or integrated management of
natural resources (also known as common-pool resources) have become
buzz words in the growing literature around environmental management.
Researchers now focus on complex and dynamic linkages between ecological
systems, social, and economic aspects of society to achieve sustainability.
A lot of researchers focus on case studies to show the existence of various
management systems of natural resources while others focus on theoretical
frameworks of management systems that support sustainable use of such
resources. The concept of “co-management” has emerged from both types
of research. This book focuses on co-management of one of such common-
pool resources “water”. An attempt has been made to combine research
with action. The idea is that success and failures described in case studies
with lessons learnt can be useful stepping stones for both policy makers and
managers to apply to their own situation. This chapter briefl y touches on
some defi nitions, principles and complexities involved in co-management
(with reference to adaptive co-management) followed by a road-map of
the book.
1Professor, Adjunct, York University, Toronto, Canada.
Email: [email protected]
2Professor and Director of the Centre for Engineering and, Public Policy in the School of
Engineering Practice, McMaster University, ETB 510, 1280 Main St. W, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L7.
Email: [email protected]
*Corresponding author