Water and Development: Good Governance after Neoliberalism

273 Pages·2015·1.161 MB·English

by  Ronaldo Munck, Narathius Asingwire, Honor Fagan, Consolata Kabonesa (eds.)

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CROP INTERNATIONAL STUDIES IN POVERTY RESEARCH
Published by Zed Books in association with CROP
David Gordon and Paul Spicker (eds), The International Glossary on Poverty,
1999
Francis Wilson, Nazneen Kanji and Einar Braathen (eds), Poverty Reduction:
What Role for the State in Today’s Globalized Economy?, 2001
Willem van Genugten and Camilo Perez­Bustillo (eds), The Poverty of
Rights: Human Rights and the Eradication of Poverty, 2001
Else Øyen et al. (eds), Best Practices in Poverty Reduction: An Analytical
Framework, 2002
Lucy Williams, Asbjørn Kjønstad and Peter Robson (eds), Law and Poverty:
The Legal System and Poverty Reduction, 2003.
Elisa P. Reis and Mick Moore (eds), Elite Perceptions of Poverty and Inequal­
ity, 2005
Robyn Eversole, John­Andrew McNeish and Alberto D. Cimadamore (eds),
Indigenous Peoples and Poverty: An International Perspective, 2005
Lucy Williams (ed.), International Poverty Law: An Emerging Discourse, 2006
Maria Petmesidou and Christos Papatheodorou (eds), Poverty and Social
Deprivation in the Mediterranean, 2006
Paul Spicker, Sonia Alvarez Leguizamón and David Gordon (eds), Poverty:
An International Glossary, 2nd edn, 2007
Santosh Mehrotra and Enrique Delamonica, Eliminating Human Poverty:
Macroeconomic and Social Policies for Equitable Growth, 2007
David Hemson, Kassim Kulindwa, Haakon Lein and Adolfo Mascarenhas
(eds), Poverty and Water: Explorations of the Reciprocal Relationship,
2008
Forthcoming titles
Abraar Karan and Geeta Sodhi (eds), Protecting the Health of the Poor:
Social Movements in the South, 2015
Einar Braathen, Julian May and Gemma Wright (eds), Poverty and Inequality
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Alberto D. Cimadamore, Gabriele Koehler and Thomas Pogge (eds), Poverty
and the Millennium Development Goals: A Critical Look Forward, 2016
Alberto D. Cimadamore, Gro Therese Lie, Maurice B Mittelmark and
Fungisai P. Gwanzura Ottemöller (eds), Development and Sustainability
Science: The Challenge of Social Change, 2016
Julio Boltvinik and Susan Archer Mann (eds), Peasant Poverty and Persis­
tence, 2016
WATER AND DEVELOPMENT
GOOD GOVERNANCE AFTER NEOLIBERALISM
edited by Ronaldo Munck, Narathius Asingwire,
Honor Fagan and Consolata Kabonesa
Zed Books
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Water and Development: Good governance after neoliberalism was first
published in 2015 by Zed Books Ltd, Unit 2.8, The Foundry, 17 Oval Way,
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CONTENTS
Figures and tables | vii Acknowledgements | ix
Abbreviations and acronyms | x
Part one context
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3
1 Water, development and good governance. . . . . . . . . . . 11
Ronaldo Munck
2 Liquid dynamics: challenges for sustainability in the water
domain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Lyla Mehta and Synne Movik
3 Can IWRM float on a sea of underdevelopment? Reflections on
twenty­plus years of ‘reform’ in sub­Saharan Africa . . . . . . . 60
Larry A. Swatuk
4 Water politics in eastern and southern Africa . . . . . . . . . 84
Sobona Mtisi and Alan Nicol
Part two case study
5 Integrated water management and social development in
Uganda . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .107
Gloria Macri, Firminus Mugumya and Áine Rickard
6 Governance and safe water provisioning in Uganda: theory and
practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .135
Firminus Mugumya and Narathius Asingwire
7 Woman water keeper? Women’s troubled participation in water
resource management. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .152
Richard Bagonza Asaba and G. Honor Fagan
8 Women and water politics: an ethnographic gender perspective 172
Joyce Mpalanyi Magala, Consolata Kabonesa and Anthony Staines
9 Understanding adaptive capacity on the ground: a case of agro­
pastoralists in a rural parish, Uganda . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181
Mavuto D. Tembo
10 Functional sustainability of hand pumps for rural water
supply. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .198
Michael Lubwama, Brian Corcoran and Kimmitt Sayers
Part three balance sheet
11 Beyond the MDGS: can the water crisis for the poor finally
be resolved? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .213
David Hemson
Notes on contributors | 246
Index | 251
FIGURES AND TABLES
Figures
2.1 A heuristic for understanding liquid dynamics . . . . . . . . . 41
5.1 The age distribution of survey respondents . . . . . . . . . .113
5.2 Marital status of survey respondents . . . . . . . . . . . . .114
5.3 Household size . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .114
5.4 Head of household . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .115
5.5 Household’s major source of income . . . . . . . . . . . . .116
5.6 Estimated monthly household income . . . . . . . . . . . . .116
5.7 Map of those households within and outside of a 1­kilometre
catchment area of working improved water sources. . . . . . .118
5.8 The main source of drinking water for the household . . . . . .119
5.9 Map of household participants using an unprotected water
source as their main water source. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .121
5.10 Major problems in collecting water from the main water source 122
5.11 The reason for using alternative sources . . . . . . . . . . . 124
5.12 Forms of water­related expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
5.13 Diseases suffered by at least one member of the household . . .127
5.14 Trend in prevalence of diseases in the household.. . . . . . . 128
5.15 Reason for not being satisfied with the way water is used in the
household . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
5.16 Map of those who rated the provision of safe water in their
community as ‘bad’ or ‘very bad’ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .131
6.1 Water sector actors and their relationships vis­à­vis CBMS of
rural safe water facilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
10.1 Worn­out piston seals showing identifiers of wear mechanisms
(a) on the base of seal and (b) on the underside. . . . . . . . 207
11.1 Rural water: change over the MDG period, 1990–2012 . . . . . 223
11.2 Annual rates of percentage change in rural water coverage,
1990–2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224
11.3 Annual rate of percentage change over two periods: 1990–99;
2001–12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225
11.4 Drinking water coverage by wealth quintiles, urban and rural. . 226
Tables
1.1 Percentage increase in delivery of water and of population
benefited in developing countries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
3.1 Selected country access to improved sanitation and improved
water supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
3.2 Surface water resources in the sub­regions of Africa . . . . . . 68
3.3 Selected trans­boundary rivers in Africa . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
5.1 Targets and achievements for rural safe water supply (2004–15) . 111
5.2 Estimated monthly household income and size of household. . .117
5.3 Main source of water used and reason for using it as the main
source of water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
5.4 Main source of water used and major problems in using/collecting
water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .123
5.5 Type of transport mainly used by the following categories of
people in the household to collect water. . . . . . . . . . . .125
5.6 Length of time needed for the following categories of people in
the household to fetch water from the nearest water source . . .125
5.7 Litres of water collected per visit by the following categories of
people in the household . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
5.8 Rating of the way safe water service delivery programmes in­
volve locals in deciding what service to provide and where they
are to be provided. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
10.1 Percentage representation of problems different categories of
respondents face in operating hand pumps. . . . . . . . . . 204
11.1 Numbers of people gaining coverage, water and sanitation over
two periods: 1990–2000; 2000–12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221
11.2 Levels of service and rates of change in southern Asia and
Africa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The editors would like to thank Irish Aid and the Higher Education
Authority of Ireland for their funding of the research which under­
pins Chapters 5 through to 10. Water Is Life: Amazzi Bulamu was an
inter­institutional action research project completed in 2014. The
project was funded through the Irish Aid Programme of Strategic
Co­operation, which was launched in 2006 to support Irish Aid’s
mission to develop the capacity of the higher education sector in
the global South.
Thanks to John Wiley and Sons for permission to republish
Chapter 2, ‘Liquid dynamics: challenges for sustainability in the
water domain’, which was originally published in Wiley Interdiscip­
linary Reviews: Water, 1(4), 2014.
We would also like to thank Mary Hyland, who went beyond
the normal copy­editing role to really get the best out of the work
submitted for this volume.