Table Of ContentWar in Roman
Myth and Legend
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By the Same Author War in Roman
Myth and Legend
Women in Ancient Rome (2013)
Roman Women – The Women who Influenced Roman History (2015)
In Bed with the Romans (2015)
Wars & Battles of the Roman Republic (2015)
Roman Military Disasters (2015)
When in Rome: Social Life in Ancient Rome (2017)
Women at War in Ancient Greece & Rome (2017)
How to be a Roman (2017)
Roman Record Keeping & Communications (2018) Paul Chrystal
Republic into Empire: The Civil Wars of the First Century bce (2019)
The Romans in the North of England (2019)
Reportage from Ancient Greece & Rome (2019)
War in Greek Myth (2020)
Roman York in the Roman Empire (in press)
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War in Roman
Myth and Legend
Paul Chrystal
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First published in Great Britain in 2020 by
Pen & Sword Military
An imprint of
Pen & Sword Books Ltd
Yorkshire – Philadelphia
Copyright © Paul Chrystal 2020
ISBN 978 1 52676 612 0
The right of Paul Chrystal to be identified as Author of this work has
been asserted by him in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and
Patents Act 1988.
A CIP catalogue record for this book is
available from the British Library.
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Contents
Maps vii
About the Author x
List of Plates xi
Introduction xvii
Chapter 1 Interpretatio Romana – ‘Translating’ the Greek and
the Beginnings of Roman History 1
Chapter 2 The Gods of War 11
Chapter 3 Wall-to-Wall War & the Fetiales 28
Chapter 4 The Aeneas Foundation Myth: From Troy to Italy 40
Chapter 5 The Aeneas Foundation Myth: The Italian Wars 65
Chapter 6 The Romulus and Remus Foundation Myth 77
Chapter 7 Abduction, Rape and Murdering Your Daughter –
All in the Name of History 90
Chapter 8 Warlike Women in Roman Epic 118
Chapter 9 Trojan Heroes 131
Chapter 10 Horace and Propertius 137
Chapter 11 Ovid 152
Chapter 12 The Theban Legion Massacre 286 ce: Myth or
History? 174
Chapter 13 T he View from the Bridge: The Vision of Constantine 177
Epilogue 181
Appendix I: The Seven Kings of Rome 183
Appendix II: Timeline 1 – The Mythical Age 184
Appendix III: The Alban Kings 185
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vi War in Roman Myth and Legend
Appendix IV: Timeline 2: Octavian (Augustus), 133–27 bce 187
Appendix V: The Archaeology of Early Rome 189
Appendix VI: Dating the Foundation 191
Appendix VII: Some Latin Terms 193
Appendix VIII: Typical Cursus Honorum in the First Century bce 198
Appendix IX: Roman Assemblies 199
Appendix X: The Mos Maiorum 200
Notes 202
Further Reading 210
Index 228
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Ancient Re(publican Rome Scale 1:50000 Way WLayatin
Tomb of the
1. Temple of Jupiter Capitolinus 6. Rostra 11. Velabrum
2. Asylum 7. Gate of Carmenta 12. Forum Boarium Scipios
3. Gate of Fons 8. Temple of Jupiter Victor 13. Temple of Portunus
4. Senate House and Comitium 9. Temple of Vesta 14. River Gate
5. Prison 10. Forum Holitorium 15. Temple of Aesculapius
Approximate date of the plan: 40 BC. T. of Mars
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