Walls and Memory: The Abbey of San Sebastiano at Alatri (Lazio) from Late Roman Monastery to Renaissance Villa and Beyond

454 Pages·2005·23.803 MB·English

by  Elizabeth Fentress, Caroline J. Goodson, Margaret L. Laird, Stephanie C. Leone (eds.)

DISCIPLINAMONASTICA
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DISCIPLINA MONASTICA
Studies on Medieval Monastic Life
EŁ tudes sur la vie monastique au Moyen AŒ ge
Editors of the Series
Collection dirigeŁe par
Susan Boynton & Isabelle Cochelin
Editorial Board
Sheila Bonde
Florent Cygler
2005
WALLS AND MEMORY
The Abbey of San Sebastiano at Alatri (Lazio)
from Late Roman Monastery to Renaissance Villa and Beyond
Elizabeth Fentress, Caroline J. Goodson
Margaret L. Laird & Stephanie C. Leone
eds.
avec le concours de l’Institut de Recherche
et d’Histoire des Textes (CNRS)
2005
Publishedwiththegenerousfinancialassistance
oftheSamuelH.KressFoundation(NewYork)
To the memory of Angelo Lisi
and for all the Keepers of the Badia
CoverPhotograph:ElizabethFentress;CoverDrawing:PhilTaylor
(cid:223)2005 ,Turnhout,Belgium
Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedinaretrievalsystem,
ortransmitted,inanyformorbyanymeans,electronic,mechanical,photocopying,recording,
orotherwise,withoutthepriorpermissionofthepublisher.
D/2005/0095/14
ISBN2-503-51577-0
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ListofPlates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
ListofFigures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
I. Introduction
Documentingthe Building . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
II. The Building History
The Sixth-Century Abbey (ElizabethFentress) . . . . . . . . 32
The Abbey in the Middle Ages
TheBuildings (CarolineA.Bruzelius, CarolineJ.Goodson). . . . 72
TheFrescoes ofthe ChurchandOratory(SerenaRomano) . . . . 114
TheDevotionalPaintings(CarolineJ. Goodson) . . . . . . . 142
The Renaissance Villa of Giovanni Tortelli
‘‘ApudAlatrium,CampaniaeOppidum’’:Giovanni Tortelliandthe Abbey un-
derPopeNicholasV(AntonioManfredi). . . . . . . . 154
The Image of Giovanni Tortelli at Work and at Court (Ingrid D. Row-
land) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
From Medieval Monastery to Early Renaissance Villa: the Patronage of
GiovanniTortelli(StephanieC.Leone) . . . . . . . . 190
The Abbey from the Renaissance to the Twentieth Century
FromVillatoFattoria:the AbbeyasIncome(StephanieC.Leone) . . 226
Medievalizing the Abbey: the Twentieth-Century ‘‘in Stile’’ Renovations
ofRomoloGiralico(MarcoRossi). . . . . . . . . . 239
III. The Lands
‘‘Beni si urbani, che rustici’’: The Abbey Lands from the Sixth to the Nineteenth
Century (MargaretL.Laird) . . . . . . . . . . . . 250
IV. Conclusion
Walls,Memory,andAppropriations(ElizabethFentress). . . . . . 301
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table of contents
Appendices: The Evidence
1. Selected Primary Sources for the Abbey of S. Sebastiano (Caroline J.
Goodson,MargaretL.Laird,StephanieC.Leone,AntonioManfredi) . 313
2. Transcribed Documents (Margaret L. Laird, Stephanie C. Leone, Anto-
nioManfredi) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 321
3. TheArchaeologyofthe Building:theStructuralStratigraphicUnits(Eliza-
bethFentress,CarolineJ. Goodson) . . . . . . . . . 345
4. MasonryTypology(CarolineJ.Goodson) . . . . . . . . 375
5. TheExcavations(ElizabethFentress, CarolineJ.Goodson). . . . 381
6. Tracingthe PropertyParcels (MargaretL.Laird) . . . . . . 393
7. TheFieldSurvey (MargaretL.Laird). . . . . . . . . 399
Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 411
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 437
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PLATES*
BLACK ANDWHITE PLATES
I. Introduction
1 Theabbeyfromthesoutheast.
2 TheabbeyfromMontePizzuto (northeast).
3 Theabbeyfromthesouthwest.
II. The Building History
Fentress(pp.32-70)
4 Columnsarcophaguscutandenlargedtoformaltar.
5 RemainsofRomanterrace ortower34,showingweepholesor arrowslits.
6 Viewinside Romanaqueduct.
7 Cisternandmasonryofsouthwallofroom O.
8 Southwallofroom M.
9 UndercroftoflateroratorylookingtowardroomM.
10 East wall of room S(cid:144), showing blocked-in arch of earlier narthex and Phase 6a
doorwhichcutsit.
11 Eastwalloforatory,room N(cid:144).
12 Twoviewsofpilastercapital.
13 Southfac(cid:176)ade ofroom O,showingoriginalpaired-archedwindows.
14 Easternapseoftomb,showingtwoshallowniches infloor.
15 Vaultover centralsectionoftomb.
16 Partiallycollapsedsouthernapseoftomb.
17 Eastwallofchurch.
18 Eastwallofchurchcourtyard.
19 Wallofaqueducttorearofkitchengarden.
GoodsonandBruzelius(pp.72-113)
20 View of room J, refectory, with subsequent elevation of podium, bench, and
‘‘abbot’slectern’’visible.
21 Northernwallofpresentundercroft.
(*) PhotocreditsareprovidedinthecaptionswhereinitialsindicatetheauthorsandPhilTaylor.
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plates
22 Remainsofwestwallofstaircasea.
23 Columnwithfoliate capitalincentre ofroom L.
24 Southfac(cid:176)ade ofroomsJandK.
25 Cloisterwallfromcourtyard.
26 Triforawindowofcloister.
27 StairsofroomF.
28 InteriorofroomE, recentlyconvertedintoachapel.
29 WesternwallofroomsEandE(cid:144).
30 Southwallofchapelabuttingold narthexO.
31 Viewofchapel,facingeast.
32 ViewofstructuresRandS,withbelltowerQbehind.
33 ViewofwingU-V-W,andsubsequentconstructionY fromchurchcourt.
34 EasternwallofroomsF,B, andD.
35 Viewofabbeyfromwest.
36 ‘‘PalazzodiGottifredo,’’Alatri,mid-thirteenthcentury.
37 Dedicationinscribedonaltarofchapel.
38 Pilastercapitalwithfoliateornament,inS.MariaMaggiore,Alatri.
39 S.Bartolomeo,Trisulti,eleventh/latetwelfthcentury.
40 DoorjambatS.Sebastianoleadinginto roomK.
41 Alatri,medievaldoorjambofahouse.
42 DetailofcorbelinvaultofroomE.
43 AbbeyofCasamari,detailofcorbel ofvaultinauditorium.
44 ConventofSS.Annunziata,Alatri,‘BellofS.Benedict’.
45 Ex-conventofSS.CosmaeDamianoinTrastevere(S.Cosimato),Rome:bell.
Romano(pp.114-40)
46 View of west wall of chapel, showing enlarged door between chapel and adjacent
oratory.
47 Dormitory,detailoffictiveashlarswithtracesoffresco (Annunciation?).
48 Detailofdadodecoration,veils.
49 Detailofsouthwall,veils.
50 Easternvault,withEvangelists.
51 Detailoftransversalarch.
52 Decorationofthe windowintheeasternbay.
53 Decorationofthe windowinthewesternbay.
54 Northwalloftheeasternbay.
55 Northwall, easternbay;detailofguardof Flagellation.
56 Viewofeastwall.
57 Eastwall;detailofChristbetweenTwoAngels.
58 Southwall;ChristinLimbo.
59 Southwall;TheSepulchreofChrist(?).
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