Vocabulary of Words in the Hawaiian Language

209 Pages·2016·1.58 MB·English

VOCABULARY

OF WORDS

IN THE

HAWAIIAN LANGUAGE

LAHAINALUNA:
press of the high schools.
‒‒‒‒
1856.

PREFACE.

Perhaps the Sandwich Island’s Mission owes an apology to the literary world for
having reduced to writing a language of such variety and extent as the Hawaiian, and
published so many bonks in it, without having given any account either of the genius,
structure or peculiarities of the language. Many reasons, hower, exist why so little has
been done in this respect. The want of leisure in any member of the Mission for setting
down to labors purely literary, is one reason. The want of proper materials heretofore,
for authority, is another. But the reason that has had the greatest influence is, the (act
that those who came first on the ground and acquired the language by the ear and by
mixing with the natives, soon became independent of helps and needed neither a
vocabulary or a gramar of the language: and those who came later, and most needed
such helps, felt that they were not well qualified for the task of making them.
But however the majority of the Misson may feel with regard to an apology in their
behalf, the compiler of the following Vocabulary feels that an explanation is due from
him respecting the manner in which the work has been got up.

At a meeting of the Mission in June 1834. it was Voted, “That Mr. Andrews prepare
a Vocabulary of the Hawaiian Lnnguage.” At the same time a wish was earnestly
expressed and often repeated since, that the work should not be delayed, but should be
printed as soon as possible, and it was fully understood and expected that the work
would necessarily be an imperfect one.
On receiving the above appointment from the Mission, the compiler set a-bout a
review of his materials for the compilation of a Vocabulary. The materials at hand and
from which the following work has been compiled were the following:‒
I. A vocabulary of words collected, it is believed, mostly by Mr. Loomis, formerly a
member of this Mission. This was transcribed by the compiler on the voyage from the
United States, and was put to use in 1828. In using it, it was his object to insert every
new word which ho saw in print or heard in conversation, or could obtain in any other
way, besides correcting such mistakes

PREFACE.
iii

as had been made in transcribing from the copy of Mr. Loomia. It was also a point with
him to insert, if possible, the authority. Owing however to his ignorance of the language
at the time, many mistakes were made both in the orthography of the words and in the
definitions.
2. A vocabulary of words arranged, it is believed, in part by Mr. Ely, at the request of
the Mission, and finished by Mr. Bishop. A copy of this was received and transcribed
by the compiler in the summer of 1829. Every other page was. left blank for the
insertion of new words, and for any such other corrections or additions as should be
important. In using this manuscript, the same method was taken as with the vocabulary
of Mr. Loamia.. New words, New word, and new definitions of words before collected,
increased the size of the book to a considerable extent.

On the slightest review of these regular discuses of materials, it was manifest that the
labor of a thorough examination of every word either by consulting intelligent natives or
by examining oque li from such manuscripts as could be obtained, or from the books
that liad been printed, must necessarily be a very protracted labor‒the labor of same
years at least. In consideration, therefore, of the urgent desire that something should
immediatly he commenced in the form of a vocabulary, and that a work having any
pretentions to perfection must be alow in its progress, and protracted in its completion,
and as the compiler was burdended with labors of another bind, he judged it best to
reduce the materials he had on hand to order in the best manner his time would allow.
He has done so, without looking for any new words, or extending the definitions of such
as were already collected, or consulting any native with regard to the proprety or
impropriety of any definition. He feels it his duty, therefore, to forewarn those who may
consult the following vocabulary, that they will often be disappointed. It is by no means
a perfect vocabulary of the Hawaiian language.
Among many others, the following errors and deficiencies will be obvicus.
1. The words are not always placed in their exact alphabetical order. In looking at
two or three copies, in transcribing, some words have been inserted a few places above
or below where they properly belonged.
2. There are a great many words with which the co npiler is not acquainted; having
never heaid the words used by natives or seen them in writing. They are put down on
the authority of the manuscript vocabularies which lie transcribed.
3. In collecting words from manuscripts written by natives, the best defininition has
not, perhaps, always been put down, or the figurative use of the word has been inserted
instead of the radical one, and vice versa. This is a source of many mistakes in defining
words in this language.
4. There are undoubtedly numerous errors in the orthography of the words defined.
The enunciation of Hawaiians is generally so rapid that it is difficult in many instances
to distinguish between some of the vowel sounds, particularly when unaccented.
5. But not to draw out a long list of errors obvious to the reader, it may be admitted
at once, that the work is greatly deficiont in words. Words could have been collected
from conversation, from manuscripts, and from printed books to almost any extent, but
the time necessary for collecting and defining them properly, could not be spared
without delaying the work indefinitely.

iv
PREFACE.

There are probably a great many words the definitions of which are very deficient for
want of investigation. And there are probably some words inserted and regularly
defined which do not exist in this language or any other. The compiler can say,
however, that he made the best use he could of the materials in his possession and of the
time at his disposal.
The printing has been delayed several months, owing to causes, however, which
need not be mentioned, but which were not at the control of the com-pifer.
All the deficiences, errors, mistakes, blunders, &c. that shall appear in the perusal of
the work, the compiler takes upon himself, and the foregoing simple statement of the
circumstances in which the work has been composed, is all the apology he has to offer.
The work might hare been increased about one third by copying the examples that
had been collected as authorities for the definitions given, but it was thought best in a
mitre vocabulary of the language to omit them. A few have been retained, taken
generally from native manuscripts.
It may be asked, after what has been said respecting the work, if it is so full of errors,
deficiences, mistakes, & c. of what use will it be? This question will be left for every
readier to answer for himself, after he has made a thoroagh experiment in using it. In the
mean time, it should be remembered, that the question respecting it is net. whether it is
as good as it could have been made, but whether it is better than nothing at all? If it be
decided that it is really of some value, it will be used just in proportion as it is valued. If
it be decided that it is no better than nothing at all, it can easily be thrown aside, and to
such it will be as though it had not been.
It was designed to say a few things respecting the language by Way of introduction
to the vocabulary, bat they are deferred for the present. They may appear hereafter It is
hoped that others will engage in the business of bringing to light the resources of the
Hawaiian language. The field is open and large, and they who shall bring to the labor
skill, patience and pereverance, will reap a reward for their efforts.
High School, Lehainaluna,

LORRIN ANDREWS.
February 23, 1836.

Vocabulary of Words in the Hawaiian Islands (1836).

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499
An2v 4103

Andrews
Vocabulary of words in the Hawaiian language

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ā€”499 4103.
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Andrews
Vocabulary of words in the Hawaiian language
A, the first letter of the Hawaiian alphabet. A, int. lo, behold.
Its sound is generally that of the English a
in father, ask, &c. but it has sometimes, A, v. to burn, as a fire or lamp; to blaze;
when standing before the consonats k, l, m, to be thirsty. Hoo-to ligtt as a lamp, i. e,
n, and p, a short sound somewhat cause to burs; to kindle, as a fire. Note:
resembling the short u in mutter; as in See the article Hoo in its place.
paka, malimali, lama, mana, napenape,
&c. pronounced, nearly as we should A, s, a fire. A, adj. fiery, burning.
pronounce pukka, mullymully, lumma,
munna, nuppynuppy: It has also in as few A, s. the jaw bone, the cheek bome,
words, a sound nearly resembling that of
on or au in English as iwaha, mawaho, &c, A, e. (see a), to burn furiously, or
pronounced somewhat like iwauho, continually he ahi as lee, fire burning
mawauho. The true sound is between the constantly.
slender a in ask and broad a in all.
Aa, e, to gird, to bind around, as a loose
Nouns whose first letter is a take both garment.
forms of the article ka and ke, but most
frequently the former. Aa, v. to dare, to challenge, to temnt, to
venture, to accept an offer, to be bold.
A, conj. and, and then, also; when it
connects verbs ft stands by itself; when it Aa, v. to make a noise like a dumb
connects nouns it is usually accompanied person; hence to be dumb.
by me: a me; and, and also, besides,
together with. In narration it frequently Aa, s. the fine roots of tree or plants;
stands at the beginning of sentences or metaphorically, offspring; the Rower part
paragraphs, and merely refers to what has of the neck,
been said without any very close
connection with it. In many cases if seems Aa, s, a pocket, a bag; syn. with eke; aa
to be euphonic, or to answer no purpase mom, a purse; a scrip, a bag to carry
but, as a preparatory sound to something provisions in for a journey.
that may follow. “Akahi no oukou a hele i
keia ala.” Aa, s. a belt, a gidle. Aa, s. a dwarf.
A, adv. when, then, as, there, until; when Aa, s. a vein or artery.
pronounced with a protracted sound, it
signlfies a protracted period of time or Aa, s. lava; name of a bird.
distance, or the con-tinuance of an action.
Aa, s. a covering of the eyes.
A, prep. to, unto, at, of, belonging; used in
a possessive or genitive sense, as, ka Aa, odj. stony, abounding in lava, rough
waiwai a ke ahi; it is supposed findenote with broken pieces of lawa,
relationship somewhat near at than c.
Aaa, adj. social, hospitable, friendly

Aaa, adj. lonely, uninhabited.

Aaa, i: a house without inhabitants
Aae, s. the young shoots of kallr
remaining in the ground after the old is
pulled. Aai, v. to increase or continue as
an ulcer: to ulcerate.
Aai, adj. increasing, or continuing, as
applied to an ulcer, mai aai.
Aai, s. the progress or continuance of a
sore.
A-a-ho, s. a container in which pis in
prepared.

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A-a-hu, v. to cover with kapa, to cover as A-e, n. assent expressed by one person to
with a cloak, to wear clothes, to put on the thought or opinion of another approval
one’s garment. Hoo-to dress one’s self, to of the opinion or conduct of another.
provide clothes.
A-e, adv. yes, expression of approbation,
A-a-hu, s. a cloak, an outside garment, a assent, ae paha, a polite way of assenting
garment thrown loosely over the when full belief is withheld ; ae ka paha,
shoulders. even so.
A-a-hu-a, adj. clothed, dressed. A-e, verbal directive, implies an oblique
motion of the verb either up, down, or side
A-a-hu-a-poo, s. a clothing or covering for ways, but only in a small degree. It is also
the head, a supporter, a defence, a shield added to nouns as, aohe kanaka e ae, there
in time of peril. is no other man.
A-a-ka, v. to burst or crack open as a ripe A-e-a, v, to throw back the head.
melon or banana. A-a-ka, v. to growl, to
chide, to com-plain, as a person of a A-e-a, adj. wandering, unstable, unsettled,
perverse or soar temper; hence hence
A-a-ka, adj. coarse, illiberal, unkind. A-e-a, adj. as kanaka aea a vagabond,
wanderer.
A-a-ki, u. (see aki) to bite in two, to bite
the bark from a stick, or the rind from A-e-a-e, v. to step over a thing frequently,
sugar cane; to feel, to touch, (see ae) to interrupt one in his speech.
A-a-ko, v. to itch. A-e-i, s. the net used to catch the opelu or
mackerel.
A-a-la, s. a kind of scrofulous sore. A-a-la,
s. (see ala) an odour. A-e-lo, adj. rotten, applied to eggs, ua like
makou ne na hua aelo.
A-a-la, adj. odoriferous.
A-e-i-o-le, s. bread-fruit, ripe and fallen
A-a-la-i-hi, s. a species of fish. down.
A-a-ma, s. a species of crab fish, A-e-nei, s. bread-fruit.
A-a-Po, v. (see ato) to snatch, to catch at A-e-nei, odv, now, just now, within a
continually, as several hands at the same short time.
thing.
A-e-to, 8. Greek, an eagle.
A-a-po, a. one who snatches.
Ai, v. to eat, consume; figuratively to
A-a-pu-a, s. from aa a bag and pua an devour, as by fire; E ai i ka aina, i. e.
arrow, an arrow bag, a quiver. enjoy the benefit, or have the profits of it.
A-a-wa, s. a species of fish. Ai, v. to have sexual intercourse, applied
to both sexes.
A-b, v. to step over a thing, to pass over an
object lying in the way; more frequently Ai, a. food, vegetable food in distinction
doubled aeae, to step over a thing from ia meat, ai oo, ripe food, harvest
frequently. time.
A-e, v. to pass from one place or situation Ai, adj. consuming, destroying, spoken of
to another, from land on board a ship, to fire,
embark. Hoo-to cause to pass from one
place to another, to transfer. A-i, s. the neck. A-i, adv. for aia, there,
then, when, as.
A-e, v. to raise or lift up the head with joy.
A-i, verbal directive, has reference
A-e, v. to pass or yield assent to the generally to a preceeding noun, verb, or
opinion of another, to assent, consent, to adverb, expressive of time, place,
yield to the request of another, to permit, cause,manner or instrument.
grant permission, aeia to be permitted or
allowed A-i-a, s. an unprincipled, or ungodly
person, ungodliness.
A-e, v. to violate a law or agreement i. e.
to pass over the rule of rectitude, to A-i-a, adj. ungodly, irreligious.
transgress, as a law.
A-i-a, adv. there, then when, referring to
time and place aia hoi, same as

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eia hoi; aia ha, expressive of admiration or same sex; one who reciprocally gives and
surprise, These phrases may also be receives presents; also, sodomy.
considered as interjections.
Ai-ke-pa, v. to level, to rabbet, as the
A-i-a-i, adj. fair, clear, white, brigh as edge of a board, to lap over, to join by a
moonlight. scarf.
Ai-ai-a-kuu-la, 8. name of a god the son of Ai-ko-la., v. hoo‒to despise, spurn, treat
Hinahele. contemptuously. (See akola.)
Ai-a-hu-a, v. to conspire secretly against Ai-la, s. Eng. oil; the Hawaiian words are
one; to break secretly the laws of the gods, momona, konahua; aila mura, ointment.
but observe them openly.
Ai-la-lo, adv. down, down under.
Ai-a-hu-a, s. term applied to those who
disregard the kapu while others observe it. Ai-lai-la, adv. there, by the side of, in
When the kapu is generally disregarded it is that place
called ainoa. Hence a hypocrite.
Ai-li, v. to pant or gasp for breath.
Ai-a-hu-a, adj. irreligious, unmindful of the
kapu. Ai-li-hi, v. to pay a part, and owe the
remainder.
Ai-a-hu-lu, v. to pray or poison to death, to
procure (he death of another by any
fraudulent means, or for any political or Ai-li-hi, s. a creditor.
selfish purposes. The agent of the intriguer
is called Kalaiina, Niania, Paopaonohonia. Ai-li-hi, v. to disregard the kapu in
respect to trading.
Ai-a-lo, s. a small division of land less than
an ahupuaa. Ai-lo-lo, s. the name of a religious
performance when a hog was offered in
Ai-a-lo, s. the people about the chief, in sacrifice, a part of it was eaten at the time
distinction from the poe makaainana. of offering.
Ai-ai, adv. nearly. Ai-lu-na, adv. up, upward.
Ai-a-na, s. Eng. the name given to a flat- Ai-ma-lu, v. ai to eat, and malu secretly ;
iron. to transgress, to break a law secretly.
Ai-e, v. from ai to eat and e beforehand; Ai-na, s. land, island, country, farm, a
borrowed front the custom of paying for field.
work before it is done and the pay
consumed; to owe, to be indebted. Ai-na, s. a contraction of ana an eating, i.
e. a meal; papa aina, an eating table.
Ai-e. s. a debt, a debtor; that which is due
for any cause; he aie a debtor. Ai-na, a. the snap of a gun, the jar of a
door, &c.
Ai-ha-mu, v. to eat the refuse food.
Ai-noa, v. from at to eat, and noa without
Ai-ha-mu, s. the food left, the crumbs, restraint; to eat freely without regarding
scrapings. the kapu; to break kapu by eating.
A-i-hea, adv. ai and hea, where? at what Ai-noa, s. freedom from the restraint of
place? kapu, universal disregard of the kapu.
Ai-hu-e, v. from ai food, and hue a thief; to Ai-puu-puu, e. from at food, and puu-puu
steal, transgress privately, to divide, out. Hoo-to supply with
provisions; to serve or wait on at table; to
Ai-hu-e, s. a thief. serve in any manner.
Ai-puu-puu, s. a servant who prepares
food; a steward, cook, a servant
Ai-hu-e-eia, v. so used instead of generally.
and aihueia.

Ai-hu-e-lia, to be stolen. Ai-wa, num. adj. nine.
Ao, v. to be or become light, as in the
Ai-ka-ne, v. from ai and kane the male; to
morning; to awake as from a dream or
commit sodomy, to cohabit as male with
vision; to come to one’s self; to teach,
male; hence
enlighten; to warn, reprove; to take heed,
beware; to regard with reverence, to
Ai-ka-ne, s. an intimate friend of the
obey; to charge strict-
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ly; in the imperative, e ao, look out, the latter form may be added to almost any
watch, be on your guard. Hoo‒to tempt, adjective, noun, (proper names excepted,)
to prove, to try; to cohabit, as implying or verb in the language. It is equivalent to
marriage. the English terminations, less, in, un, &c.
See ole.
Ao, s. light; day, in distinction from po
night; hence, world, o ke ao nei, this Ao-le-hoi-na, adv. a very affectionate
world, o kda ao, the future world; light, salutation.
applied to the light green of the fresh
leaves of plants or trees, the green bads; A A-o-ne, s. dirt.
kupu a lau a loa a ao a muo a liko.
A-o-no, num. adj. six.
Ao, s. a cloud.
Au, pers. pron. 1st. per. I, when prefixed
Ao, s. knowledge, instruction, ao ana, with the emphatic o, it appeans to be
doctrine. sounded wau or owau, and hence written
au, wau, and owau instead of o au,
Ao, s. dried kalo or potatoes, used for
food; also sea bread, any hard bread. A-u, with a little different pronunciaation,
per. pro. 2d per. sing, thine, one of the
Ao, s. a species of bird. oblique cases of oe.
Ao, adj. enlightened, informed, A-u, pro. one of the oblique cases of an;
instructed. mine, my; there is a sensible break in the
pronunciation to distinguish it from the
Ao-o, adj. epithet of a full grown man above.
when all his faculties of body and mind
have come to perfection, (see oo to ripen.) A u, s. tire handle of an axe, auger, &c.
Ao-a, s. the howling of a dog; wailing for Au, s. the current in the ocean; the gall of
the dead. animals; the motion of the hand in mixing
poi; the sword-fish.
Ao-a, adj. angry, cross.
Au, s. time, period of time, reign or time
Ao-a, s, a species of shell fish. during a king’s reign, time of one’s life. I
ke au ia Kalaiopuu.
Ao-ao, s. the side of a thing, a way,
manner, custom peculiar to any one, habit A u, s. a territory, generally compounded
with other words, as auakua, au-kanaka,
Aoaao, s. the name of the sea breeze at aupuni,
Honolulu.
Au, v. to swim.
A-oe, aohe, aole, adv. no, not, nor,
Au-a, v. to forbid, refuse with difficulty,