Visualization in medicine. Theory, algorithms, and applications

663 Pages·2007·23.77 MB·English

by  Bernhard Preim

Thisisamajorpieceofwork.Itisacompletetreatmentofmedicalvisualizationandcertaintobecomeessentialreadingforany
researcher,practitioner,andeducatorinthefield.Thebookiswellwrittenandorganized,withnicesummariesattheendofeach
chapterthatpointtofurtherreading.Somepartsofthebookhavevaluebeyondthefieldofmedicine—forexample,thesectionson
volumevisualization,withtheirclearexpositionofthedifferenttechniques,willbeausefulreferenceinquiteseparatefields,suchas
computationalfluiddynamics.Thebookalsocoversaspectsofvirtualrealityinmedicine,withitschapteronvirtualendoscopy,an
increasinglyimportantapplicationarea.Theauthorsaretobecongratulatedonamajorachievement.
—DR.KENBRODLIE,ProfessorofVisualization,SchoolofComputing,UniversityofLeeds,UK
Visualizationandmedicineareagreatcombination.Inthepast,medicalimagessuchasX-raysweredirectlyproducedaspho-
tographs.Today,highlyadvancedimagingdevicessuchasMRIscannersproducelargeandcomplexdatasets,whichrequirealarge
amountofprocessingtobeturnedintoimagesusefulinmedicalpractice.Thisbookdescribesthecurrenttechnologyforthisvisualiza-
tionprocess.Medicaldoctorsareenthusiastic,highly-criticalusers,andmanyfruitfulcooperationswithvisualizationscientistshave
developed.Asaresult,medicinehasbecomeoneofthelargestandmostsuccessfulapplicationsofvisualization,andtheresultshave
foundtheirwaytoclinicalpracticeandindustrialproducts.Thefieldhasmaturedtothepointthatthestateoftheartneedsabook,
andIcongratulatetheauthorsforrecognizingthisandcreatingthisimpressivevolume.Thebookcanserveasastandardreferencetext
forresearchersandpractitioners,bothtechnicalandmedical.Asnewcoursesandcurriculainmedicaltechnologyaredevelopedand
taughtaroundtheworld,VisualizationinMedicinefillstheneedforacomprehensivetext.Theory,practicalapplications,andadvanced
topicsareallcoveredinawell-balancedmixture.Thisbookwillfinditswaytoresearchlaboratories,classrooms,companies,and
hospitals,whereitwillhelptodisseminatesound,usefulmedicalvisualizationtechnologytosupporttheprocessesofmedicaldiagnosis
andtreatmentofnumerouspatientsaroundtheworld.
—FRITSH.POST,AssociateProfessorofVisualization,DelftUniversityofTechnology,TheNetherlands
Thissignificantbookhelpsfillalong-standinggapintextbooksforstudentsinscientificvisualizationandmedicalimagingasit
successfullybridgesthetwodomainswiththoroughexplanations,vividexamples,andusefulreferences.Thevisualizationcommunity
is well-served by the authors’ overview of imaging modalities, standard radiological practices, and clinical applications, while the
medicalimagingcommunitybenefitsfromacoherentexpositionofcorevisualizationmethodslikeisosurfaceextraction,directvolume
rendering,andillustrativerendering.Thesectiononvolumedataexplorationdemonstrateshowvisualizationrequireseffectiveinterfaces
andquantitativeinteractionmodestomeetclinicalneeds,andthecoverageofmoreadvancedtopicsexemplifieshowknowledgefromboth
thevisualizationandimagingdomainscanbeleveragedandcombinedtocreateinsightformedicaldiagnosis,planning,andeducation.
Theauthors’backgrounds,intheintersectionofvisualizationresearchandmedicalimagingapplications,makethemideallysuitedto
explainsuchabreadthofmaterialinthisvaluabletext.
—DR.GORDONKINDLMANN,BrighamandWomen’sHospital,HarvardMedicalSchool
Thistextwillbepopularwithstudentsofmedicalvisualizationdataacquisitionandanalysis.Alotofcareandexperiencehave
goneintothebook.Theconsistencyandeffortisimpressive.Idonotknowofacomparablebookinscopeorrelevance.Welldone!
—DREWBERRY,TheWalterandElizaHallInstituteofMedicalResearch,Melbourne,Australia
Primarilythisisabookforacomputerscientistorengineer,aswellasthetechnicallyinterestedphysician.Acomprehensivebook,
providinggroundinginalloftheimportanttechniquescurrentlyavailableforvisualizationinmedicine.Easytoread,timely,current,
state-of-the-art,extremelyuseful.Iknowofnoothertextthatpresentsallofthisinformationinoneplace.Thereisnorealcompetitor
tothisbook!
—ProfessorNIGELW.JOHN,SchoolofComputerScience,UniversityofWales,Bangor
Agoodmixoftechnologyandapplications,readerswillfindconceptspresentedclearly,plentifulillustrationsandimages,easyto
read.Theauthors’passionandexperienceforthesubjectmattershow.
—DR.KLAUSMUELLER,Professor,StonyBrookUniversity(SUNY),NewYork
Theauthorshaveaccomplishedthelaudablefeatofnicelystructuringaquitediverseresearchfieldanddeliveringacomprehensive
pieceofworkthatmakesaninterestingreadforexpertsfromvaryingareasofexpertise.Thebookwillbeanauthorativeguideto
medicalvisualizationforyearstocome.
—fromtheforewordbyDR.EDUARDGRO¨LLER,Professor,ViennaUniversityofTechnology
THE MORGAN KAUFMANN SERIES
IN COMPUTER GRAPHICS
VisualizationinMedicine GeometricToolsforComputerGraphics WarpingandMorphingofGraphicalObjects
BERNHARDPREIMandDIRKBARTZ PHILIPSCHNEIDERandDAVIDH.EBERLY JONASGOMES,LUCIADARSA,BRUNOCOSTA,
GeometricAlgebraforComputerScience:As UnderstandingVirtualReality:Interface, andLUIZVELHO
Object-orientedApproachtoGeometry Application,andDesignWILLIAM JimBlinn’sCorner:DirtyPixels
LEO DORST, DANIEL FONTIJNE, STEPHEN B.SHERMANandALANR.CRAIG JIMBLINN
MANN Jim Blinn’s Corner: Notation, Notation, RenderingwithRadiance:The
Notation ArtandScienceofLightingVisualization
Point-BasedGraphics
MARKUS GROSS and HANSPETER PFISTER, JIMBLINN GREGWARDLARSONandROB
Editors LevelofDetailfor3DGraphics SHAKESPEARE
DAVIDLUEBKE,MARTINREDDY, IntroductiontoImplicitSurfaces
HighDynamicRangeImaging:DataAcqui-
JONATHAND.COHEN,AMITABH EditedbyJULESBLOOMENTHAL
sition,Manipulation,andDisplay
VARSHNEY,BENJAMINWATSON,and JimBlinn’sCorner:A
ERIK REINHARD, GREG WARD, SUMANTA ROBERTHUEBNER TripDowntheGraphicsPipeline
PATTANAIK,andPAULDEBEVEC
Pyramid Algorithms: A Dynamic Program- JIMBLINN
CompleteMayaProgrammingVolumeII: ming Approach to Curves and Surfaces for InteractiveCurvesandSurfaces:
AnIn-depthGuideto3DFundamentals, GeometricModeling AMultimediaTutorialonCAGD
Geometry,andModeling RONGOLDMAN ALYNROCKWOODandPETERCHAMBERS
DAVIDA.D.GOULD Non-PhotorealisticComputerGraphics: WaveletsforComputerGraphics:Theory
MELScriptingforMayaAnimators,Second Modeling,Rendering,andAnimation andApplications
Edition MARK R. WILKINS and CHRIS THOMASSTROTHOTTEandSTEFAN ERICJ.STOLLNITZ,TONYD.DEROSE,and
KAZMIER SCHLECHTWEG DAVIDH.SALESIN
Advanced Graphics Programming Using Curves and Surfaces for CAGD: A Practical PrinciplesofDigitalImageSynthesis
OpenGL Guide,FifthEdition ANDREWS.GLASSNER
TOMMCREYNOLDSandDAVIDBLYTHE GERALDFARIN Radiosity&GlobalIllumination
Digital Geometry Geometric Methods for SubdivisionMethodsforGeometricDesign: FRANÇOISX.SILLIONandCLAUDEPUECH
AConstructiveApproach
DigitalPictureAnalysisREINHARD Knotty:AB-SplineVisualizationProgram
KLETTEandAZRIELROSENFELD JOEWARRENandHENRIKWEIMER JONATHANYEN
ComputerAnimation:Algorithmsand
UserInterfaceManagementSystems:
DigitalVideoandHDTVAlgorithmsand
TechniquesRICKPARENT ModelsandAlgorithms
InterfacesCHARLESPOYNTON
The Computer Animator’s Technical Hand- DANR.OLSEN,Jr.
Real-TimeShaderProgramming book
MakingThemMove:Mechanics,Control,and
RONFOSNER LYNNPOCOCKandJUDSONROSEBUSH AnimationofArticulatedFigures
CompleteMayaProgramming:An AdvancedRenderMan:Creating Edited by NORMAN I. BADLER, BRIAN
ExtensiveGuidetoMELandtheC++API CGIforMotionPicturesANTHONY A.BARSKY,andDAVIDZELTZER
DAVIDA.D.GOULD A.APODACAandLARRYGRITZ GeometricandSolidModeling:AnIntroduc-
Texturing&Modeling:AProcedural CurvesandSurfacesinGeometricModeling: tion
Approach,ThirdEdition TheoryandAlgorithms CHRISTOPHM.HOFFMANN
DAVIDS.EBERT, JEANGALLIER An Introduction to Splines for Use in Com-
F.KENTONMUSGRAVE,DARWYN AndrewGlassner’sNotebook:Recreational puterGraphicsandGeometricModeling
PEACHEY,KENPERLIN,andSTEVEN ComputerGraphicsANDREW RICHARDH.BARTELS,JOHNC.BEATTY,and
WORLEY S.GLASSNER BRIANA.BARSKY
VISUALIZATION IN
MEDICINE
Thispageintentionallyleftblank
THE MORGAN KAUFMANN SERIES IN COMPUTER GRAPHICS
VISUALIZATION IN
MEDICINE
THEORY, ALGORITHMS, AND APPLICATIONS
BERNHARD PREIM
DIRK BARTZ
AMSTERDAM(cid:127)BOSTON(cid:127)HEIDELBERG(cid:127)LONDON
NEWYORK(cid:127)OXFORD(cid:127)PARIS(cid:127)SANDIEGO
SANFRANCISCO(cid:127)SINGAPORE(cid:127)SYDNEY(cid:127)TOKYO
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BERNHARD PREIMisProfessorofVisualizationatthecomputersciencedepartmentattheOtto-von-Guericke-Universityof
Magdeburg,whereheleadsaresearchgroupfocusedonmedicalvisualizationanditsapplicationindiagnosis,surgicalplanningand
education.HeisalsoavisitingprofessoratMeVisResearch.HesitsonthescientificadvisoryboardsoftheInternationalCompetence
CenteronComputer-AssistedSurgery(ICCAS),theGermanSocietyforComputerandRobot-assistedSurgery(CURAC)andheis
speakeroftheworkinggroupMedicalVisualizationintheGermanSocietyforComputerScience.HeismemberoftheACMand
theGermanChapteroftheACM.
DIRK BARTZisProfessorforComputer-AssistedSurgeryattheUniversityofLeipzig.Previously,hewasheadoftheresearch
grouponVisualComputingforMedicineoftheUniversityofTu¨bingen.HewasmemberoftheexecutivecommitteeoftheIEEE
VisualizationandGraphicsTechnicalCommittee(VGTC),isspeakeroftheEurographicsWorkingGrouponParallelGraphics,and
founding/steeringmemberoftheGesellschaftfu¨rInformatikworkinggroupsonMedicalVisualizationandDataVisualization.His
mainresearchinterestsareinvisualmedicineandmedicalimaging,medicalmixedreality,visualizationoflargedatasets,man-
machineinterfaces,parallel/gridcomputing,anddatavisualization.HereceivedtheNDIYoungInvestigatorAwardforhisworkin
virtualendoscopyandintra-operativenavigation.