Table Of ContentFM-Stanczak.qxd 3/1/2007 5:26 PM Page i
V I S U A L
R E S E A R C H
M E T H O D S
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V I S U A L
R E S E A R C H
M E T H O D S
Image, Society, and Representation
G R E G O R Y C . S T A N C Z A K
Editor
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Copyright © 2007 by Sage Publications, Inc.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by
any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the
publisher.
For information:
Sage Publications, Inc. Sage Publications India Pvt. Ltd.
2455 Teller Road B-42, Panchsheel Enclave
Thousand Oaks, California 91320 Post Box 4109
E-mail: [email protected] New Delhi 110 017 India
Sage Publications Ltd. Sage Publications Asia-Pacific Pte Ltd
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London, EC1Y 1SP Singapore 048763
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Printed in the United States of America
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Stanczak, Gregory C., 1967-
Visual research methods: Image, society, and representation/Gregory C. Stanczak.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN: 1–4129–3954–2 (pbk.: alk. paper)
1. Social sciences—Research. 2. Social sciences—Study and teaching. I. Title.
H62.S39 2007
300.72—dc22 2006031955
This book is printed on acid-free paper.
07 08 09 10 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Acquiring Editor: Lisa Cuevas Shaw
Editorial Assistant: Karen Margrethe Greene
Production Editor: Beth A. Bernstein
Copy Editor: Jacqueline Tasch
Typesetter: C&M Digitals (P) Ltd.
Indexer: Rick Hurd
Graphic Designer: Candice Harman
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Contents
1. Introduction: Images, Methodologies, and
Generating Social Knowledge 1
Gregory C. Stanczak
2. Observing Culture and Social Life: Documentary
Photography, Fieldwork, and Social Research 23
Jon Wagner
3. All Photos Lie: Images as Data 61
Barry M. Goldstein
4. Capturing the Visual Traces of Historical Change:
The Internet Mission Photography Archive 83
Jon Miller
5. The Failure of “The President’s Choice” 121
Erina Duganne
6. Using Photography in Studies of Immigrant
Communities: Reflecting Across Projects and Populations 141
Steven J. Gold
7. Inner-City Children in Sharper Focus: Sociology
of Childhood and Photo Elicitation Interviews 167
Marisol Clark-Ibáñez
8. When Words Are Not Enough: Eliciting Children’s
Experiences of Buddhist Monastic Life
Through Photographs 197
Jeffrey Samuels
9. Signs of Resistance: Marking Public Space
Through a Renewed Cultural Activism 225
Emmanuel A. David
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10. Performances, Confessions, and Identities:
Using Video Diaries to Research Sexualities 255
Ruth Holliday
11. The Symbolism of Video:
Exploring Migrant Mothers’ Experiences 281
Yolanda Hernandez-Albujar
12. Website Design: The Precarious Blend of
Narrative, Aesthetics, and Social Theory 307
Stephen Papson, Robert Goldman, and Noah Kersey
Index 345
About the Contributors 363
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Methodology Overview ofapproaches Comparison andoverview Technical andsubjective aspects oftaking photographs Historical/Comparatiarchival methods Historical archivalmethods
Thematic topics Historical sketch FSA, global culture,gender, adolescence,social change Scientific photography,Doisneau,photojournalism Religion, gender,cultural exchange,colonial politics Political use of images,aesthetic assumptions
s
Primary topics Epistemology,methodology, andtheoretical contributions Observational research,data collection,commitments, and modeof inquiry Technical aspects ofphotography and vision,assumptions aboutphotographic reality Photographs as visualdocumentation ofcolonial interaction andsocial change Contrasting positionsabout the role ofphotography, emotionalexperience of viewing
Summary Overview ofcollection andchapter outline Similarities anddifferences betweenthe social sciencesand documentaryimage makers The constructednature ofphotographs Rich potential ofmissionaryphotographicarchives as socialand historical data Photography in socialpolicy is affected bythe under-analyzedexperience of viewing
Title Introduction Observing Cultureand Social Life All Photos Lie Capturing theVisual Traces ofHistorical Change The Failure of“The President’sChoice”
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Methodology Qualitative mand rapport btechniques Auto-driven photo elicitati Auto-driven photo elicitati Images asdocumentatioof discourse
Thematic topics Community studies,labor, gender,ethnicity Childhood,immigration,education, gender,inequality Religion, Buddhism,childhood/adolescence Political discourse,deviance, global vs.local communication,social control,gentrification, post-colonial discourse
Primary topics Visual orientation,rapport building, digitalbenefits, use in analysis How to conduct auto-driven PEI,potentials and pitfalls Strengths andweaknesses in auto-driven PEI for abstractconcepts, breaking cross-cultural assumptions,shooting scripts “Fixing” ephemeralvisual discourse as datathrough photography,interdisciplinarycontributions with visualresearch
Summary Reflection upon yearsof variousphotographic researchwith immigrantcommunities Assessment of PEI inresearch on theeveryday lives ofimmigrant children Assessment of PEI incross-culturalresearch onadolescent SriLankan monasticism Documenting visualforms of publicdiscourse andpolitical resistance
Title Using Photographyin Studies ofImmigrantCommunities Inner-City Childrenin Sharper Focus When Words AreNot Enough Signs of Resistance
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Methodology Video-confession Video-metaphor Content analysis
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Thematic topics Gender, sexuality,queer identity,adolescence, populaculture Gender, motherhoolabor, immigration,social control Advertising, globalculture, television,capitalism
Primary topics Self-made videos,reflexivity, contemporarymedia culture as modelfor confessionals Ethical considerations ofrepresentation,challenges of video-baseddata collection,innovative solutions tocircumvent barriers Hypertext publishing vs.text-based narrative, re-mediating images,disciplinary barriers toWeb-based analysis
Summary Video-confessionalsallow for theperformance ofgender and sexualidentities Using videometaphors forundocumentedlaborers in Italyunwilling to showtheir face Websites providespaces to analyzeand publish visualsin ways previouslyunavailable
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Title Performances,Confessions, aIdentities The Symbolisof Video Website Desig
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