Table Of ContentNS-RSA ERU
NordicInstituteof TheNordicSectionof ExpertGroupon
Regional Research the RegionalScience RegionalandUrban
Association Studies
Lars Lundqvist .Lars OlofPersson (Eds.)
Visions and Strategies
in European Integration
A North European Perspective
With 34 Figures
Springer-Verlag
Berlin Heidelberg New Yark
London ParisTokyo
Hong Kong Barcelona
Budapest
ProfessorLarsLundqvist
SeniorResearcherLarsOlofPersson
ResearchGrouponRegional Analysis(FORA)
DepartmentofRegionalPlanning
TheRoyalInstituteofTechnology
S-lOO44 Stockholm,Sweden
ISBN-13:978-3-642-78180-3 e-ISBN-13:978-3-642-78178-0
001: 10.1007/978-3-642-78178-0
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Preface
This volume is based on contributions to a north-European regional science research
conference, heldatSandbjerg Castle, Sooderborg, Denmark, in November 1991. The
conference "Periphery strategies in European integration" was organized by the
Nordic Section ofthe Regional Science Association (NS-RSA) with financial support
from the Nordic InstituteofRegional Research (NordREFO). The local organization
wasefficientlyhandled by AndreasCornettattheSouthernDenmarkBusinessSchool,
SIc3nderborg.
During the last few years thesituation in Northern Europe has drastically changed.
As for the ongoing economic integration in Western Europe, 1993 is a seminal year
with the realization oftheSingleEuropean Market and the European Economic Area
Treaty. The Nordic non-EC member countries are starting negotiations for EC
membership. At the same time profound economic and social transitions are taking
place in Eastern Europe. If these processes prove to be successful, even wider
potentials for European integration are opening up.
The Baltic Sea area is strongly affected by all these changes. The region can be
seen asa melting-potfor new potentialsand new interaction patterns. This is reflected
in several recent initiatives to improve cooperation in the Baltic area. One early
proponent ofincreased Baltic cooperation, the prime minister ofSchleswig-Holstein
Bjorn Engholm officially greeted our conference, emphasizing the new opportunities
for Baltic cooperation in the economic, cultural and environmental fields. The
Sandbjerg conference was the first in a series of north-European regional science
meetings aiming at improved research contacts and new research efforts with a focus
on the development in the Nordic and Baltic regions. The initiatives to arrange such
meetings stem from Professor Karin Peschel, Kiel, and the Nordic Section of the
Regional ScienceAssociation. Asecond meeting was recently held inKiel anda third
meeting is planned to take place in Gdansk in April 1994.
Theediting andpublishing ofthis volume has been supportedby the ~xpert Group
on Regional and Urban Studies (ERU) within the Ministry ofLabour, Sweden, and
theNordicInstituteofRegional Research (NordREFO). Theselectionofcontributions
for this book was discussed among the session coordinators of the Sandbjerg
VI Preface
conference, Jan Mmmesland, Inge SofieSlMensen and the editors. A second volume
will be published by NordREFO. Jennifer Wundersitz has suggested numerous
improvements of the language and has assisted in efforts to achieve editorial
homogeneity. The extremely efficient editorial work of our secretary, Ingrid
Johansson, is gratefully acknowledged.
Stockholm, January 1993
Lars Lundqvist Lars OlofPersson
Contents
1 Visions and Strategies in European Integration - An Introduction 1
Lars Lundqvist and Lars Olof Persson
Part I INTEGRATION AND REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT 17
2 Perspectives ofRegional Economic Development Around the Baltic 19
Karin Peschel
3 Regional Development in Western Europe: A Mosaic Model 32
Sven Illeris
4 Regionalism or Federalism? Two Visions ofa New Europe 51
Noralv Veggeland
5 European Integration and the Effects on Regional Development
in Norway 61
Knut Halvorsen
Part II INTEGRATION IN THE NETWORK ECONOMY 79
6 European Integration and Foreign Investment:
The Regional Implications 81
John Bachtler, Keith Clement and Philip Raines
7 Empirical Investigations ofPolitical Interregional Economic
Development 97
Sakari Jutila and Wilbur R. Maki
VIII Contents
8 Commercial Relations in the Baltic Rim Region in an
Integration/Network Perspective 107
Andreas P. Cornett and S0ren P. Iversen
9 Location and Internationalization ofSmall Finns 131
Poul Rind Christensen and LeifLindmark
Part ill INTEGRATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY153
10 What about Nature in Regional Science? 155
Torsten Hagerstrand
11 Baltic Region Integration in & through Modelling: Perception,
Wishes and Realities 162
Jan W. Owsinski
12 Transport, Logistics, Environment and Integration
in the Baltic Sea Area 175
Jussi Raumolin
13 Traffic and Environment in Nordic Capitals 193
Lars Lundqvist
Part IV PERIPHERIES AND BORDER REGIONS IN EUROPEAN
INTEGRATION 207
14 Ways to Develop the Competitiveness ofthe Periphery:
The Example ofIreland 209
Micheal 6 Cinneide
15 Development Strategies in the Southern European Periphery:
Comparisons with the Northern Periphery 225
Chris Jensen-Butler
Contents IX
16 Changing Images ofthe Periphery 245
Lars OlofPersson
17 The German-Danish Border Region: Does the Border Matter and
Can It Be Overcome? 260
Christiane Krieger-Boden
Author index 279
Subject index 283
Contributors 287
1 Visions and Strategies in European Integration
- an Introduction
Lars Lundqvist
Lars OlofPersson
DepartmentofRegional Planning
TheRoyal InstituteofTechnology
S-loo44Stockholm, Sweden
1.1 A North-European Perspective
With the fall ofthe Soviet Union and ofthe German Democratic Republic, with the
establishment ofthe new Baltic states and with the Swedish, Finnish and Norwegian
applications for membership ofthe Ee, the first years ofthe 1990'sbecame political
andeconomicturningpoints for mostcountries in northern Europe. Itisprobablytrue
to say that noneofthesechanges resulted from visionsand strategiesthat hadevolved
systematically or according to public discussions and analysis in the respective
nations. Rather, they were the resultsofprocesses that hadgraduallyeroded thebasis
for theexistingpoliticalpositionsand institutions. Itsuddenly seemed appropriatethat
the long period of strong political separation between the eastern and western sides
ofthe Baltic Rim and the less strong economic separation between the northern and
southern sides should soon bereplaced by far-reaching integration. Atthe same time,
the new transparency and theinternationalization ofinformation systems has revealed
regional problems and interregional imbalances - both in economic and ecological
terms - that were not widely recognized or understood before. While those who
anticipated rapid changes in terms of economic growth and the reinforcement'of
democracy have yet to see such changes occur, there is no doubt that as integration
proceeds in several fields, changes will occur in most regions in northern Europe.
Although - and because - the amplitude and the composition of these changes are
still difficult to foresee, there is a growing interest amongst both politicians and
researchers to visualize and analyse the possible futures for different regions.
The focus of this book is on visions and strategies in relation to the ongoing
European integration process, especially from a spatialperspective. This focus on the
internal redistribution and competition between European nations and regions should
not, however, overshadow the main rationale and vision which inspires the whole
process: i. e., to establish an effective common market for a form IOf production
which is sustainable and fully competitive globally. From an external and long term
perspective, theprocesses which arenow reshaping Europearedecisivefor thefuture
global division oflabour - i. e., primarily between Europe, North America, Japan,
L. Lundqvist and L.a. Persson (Eds.)
Visions and Strategies in
European Integration
©1993 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
