Veterinary Technician's Pocket Partner: A Quick Access Reference Guide

481 Pages·2009·14.67 MB·English

by  Marisa Bauer

Australia • Brazil • Japan • Korea • Mexico • Singapore • Spain • United Kingdom • United States
The Veterinary Technician’s © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning
Pocket Partner
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Marisa Bauer
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Printed in China
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 13 12 11 10 09
´
Dedication
To my Gramma,
with her wings forever around my heart.
To my darling husband Steve,
You fi ll my life with sweet sunshine
that glows within me.
You’ve instilled in me a sense of worth and love
that bonds our family.
Thank you for all of your love and support.
To my beautiful little angel Alexis,
Remember, no matter how old you are
or where you may be. . . .
My love will always be with you.
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´
Table of Contents
ANATOMY. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Canine Anatomy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Feline Anatomy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
ANESTHESIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Stages of Anesthesia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Monitoring an Animal under Anesthesia. . . 10
General Considerations. . . . . . . . . . . 10
Vital Signs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Refl exes to Check. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Normal Anesthetic Recovery Signs. . . . 12
Signs of Anesthetic Overdose . . . . . . . 12
Anesthetic Machine Quality Control. . . . . . 13
Set-up of the Anesthetic Machine . . . . 13
Pressure Testing the Anesthetic
Machine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Troubleshooting during an Anesthetic
Emergency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
v
vi table of contents
CYTOLOGY AND ENDOCRINE
FUNCTION TESTING . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Common Endocrine Function Testing . . . . 18
Serum Bile Acid Test. . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
ACTH Stimulation Testing . . . . . . . . . 19
High- and Low-Dose Dexamethasone
Suppression Tests in Dogs . . . . . . . . . 20
Th yroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
Response Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Diabetic Testing/Glucose Curve
(Insulin Tolerance) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Cytology Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Ear Cytology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Vaginal Cytology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Sperm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Fatty Aspirate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
DENTISTRY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Dental Models (Canine and Feline). . . . . . . 28
Dental Disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Dental Charting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Dental Prophylaxis Procedure . . . . . . . . . 32
Common Dental Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
table of contents vii
EMERGENCIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Emergency Drugs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
ABCs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
A = Arterial Bleeding/Airway Patency. . 46
B = Breathing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
C = Cardiac. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Cerebral Pulmonary Cardiac
Resuscitation (CPCR) . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
CPCR Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Drug Th erapy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Evaluation of Status Post Resuscitation. 49
Electrocardiogram (ECG). . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Electrocardiogram (ECG) Waveforms. . 50
Possible ECG Arrhythmias . . . . . . . . . 53
Placing the Leads on the Patient . . . . . 60
Triage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Triage Priority List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Immediate Assessment . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Patient History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Cardiac Arrest. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Causes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Signs and Symptoms. . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Airway Obstruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Causes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Signs and Symptoms. . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
viii table of contents
Acute Respiratory Distress. . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Causes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Signs and Symptoms. . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Shock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Causes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
General Signs and Symptoms of Shock . . 67
Treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Hypovolemic Shock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Causes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Signs and Symptoms. . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Anaphylactic Shock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Causes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Signs and Symptoms. . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Cardiogenic Shock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Causes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Signs and Symptoms. . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Septic Shock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Causes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Signs and Symptoms. . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Pneumothorax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Causes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Signs and Symptoms. . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
table of contents ix
Hemothorax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Causes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Signs and Symptoms. . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Diaphragmatic Hernia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Causes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Signs and Symptoms. . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Seizures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Causes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Signs and Symptoms. . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Ingestion of Poisons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Causes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Signs and Symptoms. . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
History. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Fractures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Causes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Signs and Symptoms. . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Doppler Blood Pressure
Reading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Procedure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Crash Kit Supplies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Important Points to
Remember . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87