Table Of ContentVETERINARY SCIENCES AND MEDICINE SERIES
V D
ETERINARY RUGS
G -P
AND ROWTH ROMOTING
AGENT ANALYSES
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V S
ETERINARY CIENCES
M S
AND EDICINE ERIES
Rehabilitating the Athletic Horse
Hank W. Jann and Bud Fackelman (Editors)
2010. ISBN: 978-1-60876-672-7
Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology
Leon Neumann and Sophie Meier (Editors)
2010. ISBN: 978-1-60876-342-9
Veterinary Drugs and Growth-Promoting Agent Analyses
A. Garrido Frenich, P. Plaza-Bolaños, M.M. Aguilera-Luiz, and J.L.
Martínez-Vidal
2010. ISBN: 978-1-60876-883-7
VETERINARY SCIENCES AND MEDICINE SERIES
V D
ETERINARY RUGS
G -P
AND ROWTH ROMOTING
AGENT ANALYSES
A. GARRIDO FRENICH,
P. PLAZA-BOLAÑOS,
M.M. AGUILERA-LUIZ
AND
J.L. MARTÍNEZ-VIDAL
Nova Science Publishers, Inc.
New York
Copyright © 2010 by Nova Science Publishers, Inc.
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FROM A DECLARATION OF PARTICIPANTS JOINTLY ADOPTED BY A
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LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOGING-IN-PUBLICATION DATA
Veterinary drugs and growth-promoting agent analyses / A. Garrido Frenich ... [et al.].
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-1-61761-657-0 (Ebook)
1. Veterinary drugs--Analysis. 2. Growth factors--Analysis. I. Garrido Frenich, A.
SF917.V482 2009
636.089'51--dc22
2009050581
CONTENTS
Preface vii
Abstract 1
Chapter 1 Introduction 3
Chapter 2 Chromatographic Techniques 17
Chapter 3 Applications 41
Chapter 4 Multi-Residue/Multi-Class Methods 85
Chapter 5 Conclusions and Future Trends 97
References 99
Index 139
PREFACE
This book describes the most relevant information related to the
chromatographic determination of veterinary drug residues in food,
environmental and biological samples, providing the main applications
performed in this type of matrices, as well as the main advances related to the
chromatographic techniques.
ABSTRACT
Antibiotics have been mainly used in veterinary practices and they
are frequently found in food, environmental and biological matrices.
Microbiological methods have been traditionally applied because they are
easy to perform and are inexpensive. However they do not distinguish
among several classes of veterinary drugs and they only provide semi-
quantitative analysis, and sometimes give rise to false positives. They are
still used due to their simplicity although they have been replaced with
chromatographic and electrophoretic techniques, which allow
simultaneous determination of several classes of veterinary drugs. In this
sense, liquid chromatography (LC) coupled to several detectors is
currently widely used and it is a reference technique for the determination
of these type of compounds, even replacing gas chromatography (GC),
due to they are rather polar, non-volatile and thermolabile compounds.
Although LC has been coupled to conventional detectors such as
fluorescence, UV-visible or diode array (DAD), in the last few years
mass spectrometry (MS) has been widely used, due to this type of
detection provides more reliable identification and confirmation of these
analytes than conventional detectors. Basically, triple quadrupole (QqQ)
and time-offlight (TOF) analyzers have been mainly used for the
determination of veterinary drugs, because confirmation and
quantification are included in the same step, although in the last few years
an hybrid analyzer, the quadrupole-time-of-flight (Q-TOF) has been an
emerging analyzer to be coupled to LC for accurate mass measurement
and unequivocal identification of veterinary drug residues and their
metabolites.
However, one of the main problems associated with LC methods is
the time consumed during the chromatographic analysis. The use of ultra
performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) has become very popular in
the last few years. This approach is based on the reduction of the particle
