Vertebrates of dry rainforest of south and mideastern Queensland

14 Pages·1993·4.4 MB·

by  Alan Horsup

VERTEBRATES OFDRY RAINFORESTOFSOUTH
AND MIDEASTERN QUEENSLAND
ALANHORSUP,CAMERONJAMES ANDGARYPORTER
Horsup, A., James, C. & Porter, G. 1993 12 24; Vertebratesofdry rainforestofsouth and
mideastem Queensland. Memoirs ofthe Queensland Museum 34(l):215-228. Brisbane.
ISSN0079-8835.
In 1992, the Queensland DepartmentofEnvironment and Heritage undertook a series of
surveysofvertebratesofdryrainforestsofsouthandmideastemQueensland.Eighteensites
were surveyedbetween Rockhampton and Gympie,westto MontoandBiloela. Sites were
surveyedtwice,sixmonthly,toexamineseasonal variations.Generally,faunaldiversitywas
low. Diversity was affectedby the proximity ofother rainforestorundisturbed forests; the
presence of permanent water; size, type, and degree ofdisturbance from logging, cattle
grazing or weed infestation. Seasonal variation at some sites was considerable. The new
skink,Nanguraspinosa(Covaccvichetal., 1993)atNangurSF,nearMurgon,SEQwasthe
most important discovery. Dry rainforest, surveys,frogs, Bufo marinus, reptiles, birds,
mammals, conservation.
A. Horsup, C. James & G. Porter, QueenslandDepartmentofEnvironmentandHeritage,
POBox3130, RockhamptonShoppingFair,Rockhampton, Queensland4701,Australia, 27
August 1993.
With few exceptions, vertebrates of dry rain- overa fourday period by the rapid fauna survey
forests ofsouth and mideastem Queensland, be- method (Denny, 1984).
tween Rockhampton and Gympie, are poorly Sites were sampled by the gradsect method of
known. Although this is the most common rain- Gillison & Brewer (1985). Two transects were
forest there, little is protected. Much has been sampledpersite.Themainaxisofeachtransectwas
cleared, and grazing is common in remaining laid out at right angles to the prevailing slope or
patches. These rainforests are recognised as im- moisture regime. Over 4 days and nights, fauna
portant refuges for populations of several records werecollected by trapping (200Elliott, 28
temperate and tropical vertebrate species. In the cage, 40 pit-trap, and 40 break-back trap nights),
early 1970's, Potorous tridactylus was found al dawn and dusk observations, intensive searches
GraniteCkSF,a200kmnorthernextensionofits (log-rolling, leaf litter searching), spotlighting,
range (J. Toop, pers. comm.), and Trichosurus mist-netting,recordingbatcalls usinganelectronic
caninusandThylogalethetishavebeen locatedat detector,andidentifyingtracksandtraces.Voucher
KroombitTops, 200kmand300kmnorthoftheir specimens of species were lodged in the
previous known distributions (Woodall, 1986). QueenslandMuseum whereverpossible.
RESULTS
METHODS
Study Sites
All available information on the vertebrate The sites (Table 1, Fig. 1) ranged from 50 to
faunaofthestudyareawascollated by searching 3000haand included six vegetationtypes (Table
tahcecelsistienrgatutrhee(Qe.uge.enIsnlgarnadm M&usRaevuemn,an1d99R1)AOanUd S1)F. aSintdesTRi)n.clBuadneidafSrFeeahnodldGraannditcerCokwnSFl,ancdon(tNaPi,n
Bird Atlas Scheme databases. Rainforests were largetractsofwetrainforest. BaniaSFis situated
selected to cover a range ofvegetation types and at the head ofthe Burnett R., S Burnett Ra., and
iftheywereofmorethan50ha,oflessthansecure contains the largest stand outside a NP in
tenure, of interest for acquisitional purposes by southeastern Queensland. Smaller sites were
DEH, or linked with other areas of significant selected to cover many rainforest types. Two
rainforest; or threatened by clearing, grazing or were surveyed at Granite Ck SF to repeat the
Australian-Queensland Museum’s study
fire.
Most sites were surveyed twice to lake into (Broadbent & Clark, 1976). Little information
account seasonal variations. Each was surveyed wasavailablepreviouslyonthevertebratespecies
8
216 MEMOIRS OFTHEQUEENSLANDMUSEUM
GorfanthietesiCtkesScFho(sBerno.adTbheenrte&areClasrpke,cie1s976li)s,tsDfaonr tshpeecdireyssweearsoenr.eOcaokrdveidewinisthaeswmealtlsreaaisnofno,rensotn(e15i0n
Dan SF(Queensland Forest Service), Goodnight ha), with permanent water only 200m from its
Scrub (Robinson, 1977), and Rundle Ra. (Stock edge. In contrast, at Bania SF, a large patch of
et al., 1988). rainforest(>3000ha),five specieswererecorded
in the wet season, four in the dry season.
Amphibians Thirteen frogspecies wererecorded at thefour
AMVF
Nineteen species of native frogs sites(mean,5.5 persite), 10speciesatthe
(myobatrachids,hylids),andtheintroducedCane seven SEVT sites (mean, 2.4 per site), and eight
CNVF
Toad, Bufo marinus, were recorded (Appendix species at the three (mean, 3.0 per site).
1). AlloccurwidelyelsewhereinAustralia.None TliesedifferencesarepartlyduetotheSEVTsites
canbeconsidered endangered orthreatened. The being situatedgenerally in the driernorthern and
AMVF
amphibiansencounteredinthis study aretypical- western areas, while sites were more on
ly northern tropical (8 species) and eastern the wettercoastal ranges (Fig.l). L. latopalmata
regional(6),withaminorinland(3)andsouthern and L. rubella were the most widespread native
(2) element. species, occurring in five of the six vegetation
Generally, frog species diversity was low types.
(mean,3.8 species persite). Nonative frogswere
found atCoominglah SF and, at threesites, only Reptiles
one native species was found. The highest num- Forty-nine species of reptile (agamids, gek-
ber offrog species was recorded at Boogooram- konids, pygopodids, scincids, varanids, boids,
unya (9). The most commonly encountered and colubrids and elapids) were recorded (Appendix
swiitdese)s,prLeiamdnofdroygnsaswteerseLoirtnoartiuas,caeLrulleaato(p1a1imoafta1, N1)a.nAglulraarespniantoisvae,toocAcuusrtrawliidaealnyd,elesxceewphterfeo.r
and L. lesueuri (all recorded at 7 of 18 sites). B. Nineteen reptile species are eastern with pre-
marinuswaswidespread,andrecordedatallsites dominantly coastal distributions from NNSW to
except Coongara Rock. NEQ. Nineareendemic tocoastal areas ofMEQ
As expected, more species and more in- and SEQ. Of these, Phyllurus caudiannulafus,
dividualswererecordedinthewetseasonsurveys Ophioscincus ophioscincus^ Calyptotis
than in thoseofthe dry season. Twelveofthe 19 lepidorostrum, Lampropholis adonis, and L.
native frog species were found in both seasons. couperi, are restricted to rainforest and wet
The other seven species were found only in the sclerophyll forests, andV. spinosa is restrictedto
wet seasons, and all were recorded at only one one patch of semievergreen vine thicket
site. For example, at Oakview SF, seven native (Covacevich etal., 1993).Threespeciesendemic
Table 1. Survey sites, tenure (NP=National Park, TR=Timber Reserve, SF=State Forest, F=Freehold), site
number (afterForsteretal., 1991) vegetation, size,andtime(l992).
MtEtna CavesNP, (1), SEVT, semievergreen vinethicket, 300ha. Mar.
RundleRangeNP(10), semievergreen vinethicket, 500ha, Apr/Oct.
MtLarcom F, (14), semievergreen vinethicket, 250ha,Apr.
SpringCreekF.(17), semievergreen vine thicket,250ha, Aug/Dec.
DanDanSF53, 08), semievergreen vinethicket, 835 ha, Mar/Aug.
CoominglahSF28, (38), semievergreen vine thicket, 1674 ha, Mar/Aug.
NangurSF74, (92), semievergreen vinethicket, 500ha,Jun/Nov,
DeepCreekTR581,(61), SEVT/AMVF,semievergreenvinethicket/Araucarianmicrophyll vineforest, 180ha,
May/Nov.
CoongaraRockSF 1344, (69), semievergrecn vinethicket/Araucarian microphyll vineforest, 50ha, Feb/Jul.
MtCoulston TR 471, (20), AMVF, Araucarian microphyll vineforest, 700ha, May/Nov.
Goodnight ScrubSF 169, (46), Araucarian microphyll vineforest, 250ha, May/Oct.
BoogooramunyaSF465, (77), Araucarian microphyll vineforest, 180ha,Jun/Nov.
WrattensSF546, (107), Araucarian microphyll vine forest, 210ha, Mar/Sep.
BaniaSF54,(39X AMVF/ANVF,Araucarian microphyllvineforest/Araucariannotophyllvineforest,3000ha,
Apr/Nov.
Oakview SF220,(99),ANVF,Araucariannotophyll vineforest, 150ha, Mar/Sep.
Eurimbulah NP,(BB),CNVF,complex notophyll vine forest, KX)ha, Apr/Aug.
BoyneLogging AreaSF391, (30), complex notophyllvine forest,3000ha,Jun/Dec.
DawesRange SF391, (33), complex notophyll vineforest, 3000ha, Jun/Dec.
1
SURVEYOFDRYRAINFORESTVERTEBRATES
217
f
to MEQ and SEQ are not restricted to wetter White-headed Pigeon); 42 arewidespread across
forests: Glamphyromorphus punctulata (tall Australia (e.g. Brown Goshawk, Grey Shrike-
woodland and seasonally dry forests), P. Thrush); and 6havean inlandaffinity (e.g. Emu,
salebrosus (dry rocky scrublands to moister Galah). The ranges of 25 of these birds species
closed forest), and L. amicula (open forest and terminate in or near the boundaries of the study
heath). Reptiles were recorded during the study area. Southern species whoseranges terminate in
withequal probabilityineitherseason:39inboth thestudyareaincludetheGreenCatbird,Paradise
wetter anddriersurveys, Riflebird and Eastern Whipbird (nominaterace);
I atBtyhefaArtMhVehFigahensdtSreEptVilTedsiivteesr,siwtiytwhas42reacnodrd3e6d snotrutdhyearrneaspienccileusdewhtoheseFariainygeGsertyegromnineataendinBatrh-e
I species, respectively, whileonly 15 species were breasted Honeycater.
recorded at CNVFsites. Overall, AMVF-ANVF Of the 79 bird species recorded primarily in
had the highest mean number ofspecies per site rainforests, most were recorded at the AMVF
(16), mainly because this rainforest type was sites (71 species), followed by the SEVT and
present at only one very large site, Bania SF CNVFsites (62 and 60species). When the mean
(>3000 ha). There was little difference in the number of species per site was compared, the
rmaeianfnornesutmbteypreso:f AspMecVieFs p(1e1r.8s)i,teSfEorVTthe(1o0t.h6)e,r SthEeVoTthseirtestwwoererailnofwoerrest(32t.y2pesspec(iAesM/sVitFe)4t8h.a3n,
SEVT-AMVF(12.5), CNVF (7.3). CNVF45.3).Thismaybeexplainedpartlybythe
northern locationoffiveofthe.seven SEVTsites
Birds which places them north of the distribution of
Atotalof169birdspecieswererecordedduring PseavreardailsebRiirfdlebsipredc,iaensd(Pea.lgc.-ytchleIoGwreRoebninC)a.tBbiirrdds,
pthreoxismtautdeyly(A2p5p%endoifxtheI).toTtahlisnurmebpreerseonftsbiarpd-s which were recorded at AMVF but not SEVT
known to breed in or regularly migrate to sites include: Green Catbird, Paradise Riflebird,
Black-breasted Button-quail, Crimson Rosella,
Australia. Ofthese, 79 werecommonly recorded
and Yellow-tailed Black-cockatoo. Conversely,
in rainforest, 75 were recorded more often in several northern species recorded at SEVT sites
adjacent drier open forests (but were also found AMVF
were not recorded at sites because their
along the ecotone between rainforest and open
distribution terminates within the study area:
forest), and 15 are shorebirds or waterbirds.
Satin Flycatcher, Large-tailed Nightjar, and
Rainforestbird specieswhich wereexpected,but Oriental Cuckoo. Relative to the SEVT sites,
were not sighted are: Double-eyed Fig Parrot CNVFandAMVFsitesgenerallycontainedmore
(race coxeni). Striated Thombill, Little Bronze fruit-eating birds (F. Columbidae), more insect-
Cuckoo, Rufous Bronze Cuckoo, White-browed
Robin, Southern Log Runner, Large-billed eatingbirds (F. AcanthizidaeandMuscicapidae),
and morebirds ofprey (F. Accipitridae).
Warbler, BellMiner, andBlackButcherbird.The
three species listed first have been recorded pre- Therainforestspeciesmostfrequentlyrecorded
viously at Granite Ck SF in the late 1970's (E. were Lewiifs Honeyeater and Torresian Crow
Zillman, pers. comm,). (all 18 sites), Australian Brush-turkey, Southern
Boobook, Australian King-parrot, Rainbow
Fifty-seven families were recorded. Dominant
were the Muscicapidae (19 species), Lorikeet, Emerald Dove, Varied Triller, Rufous
Meliphagidae (14 species), Columbidae, Acan- Fantail,While-browedScrub-wren(17sites),and
Australian Owlet-nightjar, Fan-lailed Cuckoo,
tshpiecziiedsa)e., MAocscitpistpreicdiaese waenrdeFraelccoorndieddaaet s(ialtles 1in Little Shrike-thrush, Grey Fantail, Spangled
Drongo, Pied Currawong (16 sites).
both surveys. Theexceptions include theDollar-
bird, Superb Fruit-dove, cuckoos, monarchs,
flycatchers, and whistlers. These species move
Mammals
seasonally with food availability and breeding.
All bird species recorded occur naturally in Twenty-three species of bats were recorded
Australiaandnonearcrestrictedtothestudyarea. duringthestudy (Appendix I).Six wererecorded
Fifty-eight species are primarily northern in dis- only electronically. One was very distinct (Mor-
tribution (e.g. Brown Cuckoo-dove, Spectacled mopterussp.),andisprobablyundescribed(M.C.
Monarch); 42 are southern (e.g. Eastern Yellow de Oliveira, pers. comm.). The 23 species com-
Robin, White-browed Scrubwren); 21 have a prise 35% of the known Australian bat fauna.
regional coastal affinity (e.g. Satin Bowerbird, Species encountered most frequently wereMini-
.
218 MEMOIRS OFTHEQUEENSLANDMUSEUM
FIG. 1.Locationofsignificantareasofrainforestinthestudyarea,andofmajorcities,townsandroads.Numbers
forstudy sitescorrespondwiththose inTable 1
SURVEYOFDRYRAINFORESTVERTEBRATES
219
M
opteris schreibersii (9 sites), australis (8 difficult to capture, and because it may be
sites), and Chalinolobusgouldii(7 sites). restricted to roosting in hollows of aged emer-
Thirty-three species of terrestrial and arboreal gents. Myotis adversus, recorded at Eurimbulah,
mammalwererecorded(Appendix 1), Thirty-one is comparatively rare throughout its range be-
species were recorded in the dry seasons, 23 in cause it is found usually only close to water,
the wet seasons. Nineteen native species were where it skims insects from the watersurface.
recorded in rainforests. Five ofthese species are Rodents, dasyurids andbandicoots: Ten small
either endemic to, or closely associated with, mammal species were recordedduringthe study.
rainforests; Melomyscervinipes,Rattusfuscipes, The mostfrequentlyencountered species wasM.
Alnabtieachbiicnoulsorf.lavipes, Thylogale thetis, and Wal- calelrAviMniVpeFsa(1n0doCfN1V8Fsitseist)e,s,wbhuitchatwoanslyretcwoorodfedthaet
The geographic affinities of the native ter- seven SEVT sites. It was typical of structurally
restrial and arboreal mammal fauna area are complex rainforests where there was a ground
primarily eastern (15 species) and northern cover of leaf litter and logs. The next most fre-
Australian (6). The occurrence of Trichosurus quently encountered small mammal was R. fus-
caninus atDan Dan SFwas a 20km extension of cipes (5 sites), which was recorded at all CNVF
the northern limit ofits known range (Kroombit sites,oneAMVFsite,andnoneoftheSEVTsites.
Tops, SEQ, Woodall, 1986). Another species, T. It was found where shelter was available in the
thetis, is also near the northern limit of its dis- form of fallen trees, or a good undergrowth of
tribution, and Petrogale inornata reaches its shrubs andferns.A.Jlavipes,ahabitatgeneralist,
southern limit in the study area. was recorded at only three sites in three vegeta-
When the nine non-rainforest species are ex- tion types; AMVF, CNVF, and ANVF. It was
cluded, the AMVF, SEVT, and CNVF sites had found only in sites where epiphytes and logs
by farthe mostdiverse mammal faunas, with 24, provided shelter and moss and lichens indicated
21, and 17 species, respectively. The remaining a moist environment. There was a paucity of
threeforesttypes supportedonly 7 terrestrial and small mammals at the SEVTsites.
arboreal mammal species. The patterns become Po.y5w/n.?;Three species were recorded with lit-
clearer when these rainforest species are divided tlediffereneebetweenrainforesttypein thenum-
into groups based on size and taxonomy. ber or composition of species. The most
Bats: Twelvespeciesrecordedduringthestudy frequently encountered species were Pseudo-
have generally northern distributions; four are cheirusperegrinus and Trichosurus caninus (12
easternregionals;threearewidespread; twohave and 1 1 sites, respectively). The former species
mainly southern distributions; one has a mainly prefersavarietyofvegetationtypeswhereshrubs
inland distribution; and the unidentified Mor~ form dense tangled foliage, and was recorded in
mopterussp. isprobablyalsonorthern,given that allCNVFsitesand3of4AMVFsites. T. caninus
the calls of southern species are generally well is at the northern limit of its range in the study
known. The numberofspecies recorded was ap- area and prefers tall open to closed forest. It was
proximately related tothesampling intensity and recorded in 2 of3 CNVFsites and 3 of4 AMVF
the number of sites sampled in each vegetation sites. Bothspecies wererecorded in lessthan half
type: 16 species at seven SEVT sites, 12 at four ofthe seven SEVTsites, although thefivenorth-
AMVF sites, nine at two SEVT-AMVF sites, ernandcoastal SEVTsites areoutsidetheknown
seven atoneAMVF-ANVFsite, and fiveeach at range of T. caninus. T. vulpecula, a habitat
three CNVFsites and one ANVFsite. generalist,wasrecordedat 8sitesinall vegetation
Mostofthebatspeciesrecorded,especiallythe types.
insectivorous bats, are habitat generalists. None Macropods: Eight species were recorded.
arerainforestendemics, although several species Those most frequently encountered in closed
roost in closed forests. Nyctimene robinsoni was forests were W. bicolor and Macropus dorsalis,
captured atdusk in rainforestatDan DanSF, and which were both recorded at 10 sites evenly
was probably emerging to feed on Eucalyptus across all vegetation types. T. thetis, which
species which were flowering at the rainforest prefers rainforest and den.ser vegetation, was
edge. The sheathtail bats (F. Emballonuridae) recorded at only one site, Dawes Range. Two
were represented by only one species, Sac- rock-wallaby species were recorded in rocky
colaimusflaviventris, which was recorded at Mt habitats in closed forests during the study:
Coulston and Bania. This species is regarded as Petrogale inornata, Mt Etna, and P. herberti,
rare,possibly because it flies high and fast and is Coominglah and Deep Ck.
220 MEMOIRS OFTHEQUEENSLANDMUSEUM
Other species: Both monotreme species were twice as many amphibian species as SEVT and
recorded. Tachyglossusaculeatus was identified CNVFsites.
at Bundle Range (SEVT) from bones. At Mt The 19 native amphibian species recorded
Coulston an echidna was observed foraging on during the survey represent only 10% ofthe na-
the edge ofthe AMVF, but took refuge inside it tiveamphibian faunaofAustralia. Nopermanent
when disturbed. Ornithorhynchus anatinus was ortemporarywaterwaspresentatsomesitesand,
observedatDanDan (SEVT),inPutterCkonthe with prolonged drought, this result is notsurpris-
forest edge. Dingos wererecorded at nine sites. ing. The Australian Museum expeditions to
Granite Ck SF in 1975 recorded 5 other amphi-
DISCUSSION bians, Adelotus brevis, Limnodynastes ornatus,
Litoria caerufea, L, nasuta, and L. chloris
&
(Broadbent Clark, 1976), all relatively wide-
This study has added to knowledge ofthe dis- spreadspecies. InrainforestatKroombitTops,50
tribution of many vertebrate species, and can km from Granite Creek SF, 21 species of frog
easily be repeated to examine future patterns of have been recorded in a variety ofhabitats from
occurrence. The most significant discovery was wet rainforest to open woodland, including
N. spinosa, a new skink, at Nangur SF (Covace- Taudactyluspleione,arainforestspeciesendemic
vich et al., 1993). This is remarkable in SEQ, to the area (Czechura, 1986).
which is relatively well known herpetologically. Reptile diversity differed little between rain-
Thestudy alsoproduced someanomalousresults forest types, although AMVF and SEVT sites
which probably relate more to the weather were nearly twice as diverse as their CNVF
preceding each survey, and to brevity ofsurvey, counterparts. Two ofthe three CNVF sites were
than to real faunal distribution patterns. It is at Granite Ck SF which probably explains the
generally recognised that to sample small mam- lowerreptile diversity in this rainforesttype. The
mal species, a minimum of four nights trapping firstsurveyatGraniteCreekSFwasconductedin
is required (Denny, 1984), and to adequately very cold conditions in June, 1992; thesecond in
sample the amphibian fauna, sampling must be wet and cool conditions in December, 1992. In
carried out following significant rains, and theAustralianMuseum surveys in 1975, 1 1 addi-
preferably near water. Reptiles are easier to find tional species were recorded at Granite Creek:
in warmerweather. Birds alsohave seasonal pat- Oedura tryoni, Anomalopus verreauxi, Egernia
terns of distribution and abundance, with some frerei, Lampropholis adonis, Eulatnprus quoyi.
species (e.g. cuckoos), migrating north in winter. Saiga irregularis, Dendrelaphis pimctulata,
Because of prolonged drought in much of the Cacophis squamidosus, Pseudechis porphyri-
study area, some sites (e.g. Spring Ck, where no aciis, Hemiapsis signafa, and P. salebrosus
rain fell between both surveys) were effectively (Broadbent & Clark, 1976).
sampled in two dry seasons. A large proportion of the rainforest birds ex-
The vertebrates of the rainforests of the study pected to occur in the study area were recorded.
area are only moderately diverse. When com- Notable exceptions were the Double-eyed Fig
pared with adjacent open woodlands, however, Parrot,LittleBronzeCuckoo,and RufousBronze
they support an unique and highly diverse fauna. Cuckoo. The rainforest fauna included a large
Removal of the rainforests would result in the proportion of fruit-eating species which are im-
disappearance of many species, notably fruit- portant in maintaining and regenerating rain-
eating birds, and small mammals such as Af. forests by dispersing seed in these rainforests.
cervinipes and R.fiiscipes. Thebat faunaofthe studyareawasparticularly
The relationship between rainforest type and diverse, with the electronic detector increasing
species diversity is complicated by many factors the numberofspecies recorded by 35%. Noneof
including size, proximity of other rainforests, the species recorded is a rainforest endemic.
climate,soils,sitemoistureregime, anddegreeof However, species such as N. robinsoni roost in
disturbance. Nevertheless, some general patterns closed forests, and many of the fruit-eating bats
areevident from therecords. ThefaunaofSEVT are important dispersers of rainforest fruit. In
wasconsistentlyless diversethanoftheothertwo contrast to the other vertebrate groups, the bat
major rainforest types, AMVF and CNVF. fauna was more diverse at the SEVT sites. This
AMVF and CNVF sites supported on average at may be because the SEVTsites were moreoften
least 50% more bird and small mammal species adjacent to open woodland where more species '
than SEVT sites. AMVF also supported around were recorded.
!
SURVEYOFDRYRAINFORESTVERTEBRATES
221
The terrestrial and arboreal mammal fauna of continues to be athreat to many small rainforest
these rainforests is moderately diverse. Most patches by ‘eating away* the edges and, thus,
small mammals expected were recorded. Excep- progessively reducing them.
tionswereDasyurushallucatusandD. maculata, We expected high diversity at largerrainforest
which have undergone majorrangecontractions; sites,butthiswasnotgenerallythecase.Thismay
Phascogaletapoatafa,whichhasalsoundergone be due to the presence of permanent water, and
arangecontraction;andA. stuartii, whichprefers proximity to or connection with other rainforest
wetter,denserforests.Ofspecialsignificancewas patches.
the record of T, caninus at Dan Dan SF, which We recommend that remaining dry rainforests
extends the known northern range ofthe species be conserved. They are important refuges for a
by 20km.Acrobatespygmaeus was notrecorded wide range of species and with the discovery of
during this study. It was recorded at Granite N. spinosa,areknownnowtosupportatleastone
Creek SFby Broadbent & Clark (1976), and has endemicspecies.
&
recently been sighted there (Hobcroft Flower,
pers. comm.). Another possum which may oc- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
cupy closed forests, Petaurus norfolcensis, was
nBootogroecoorradmeudnbyuat ShaFs(bHeoebncrroefcten&tlyFlroewpeorrt,edperfso.r NaTthiiosnasltuRdayinwfaosrefsutndCeodnsbeyrvaatgiroanntPfrroogmratmh.e
comm.).
Generous assistancehas been received from Bill
Whencomparing terrestrial andarboreal mam- McDonald and the Queensland Forest Service.
mals by rainforest type, the occurrence of those Volunteers generously assisted Department of
speciesrequiringstructurallycomplexforestsdif- Environment and Heritage staff in the field and
fered most. M. cervinipes, R. fuscipes, and P. office. We would like to thank Mark Fletcher,
peregrinus were conspicuously absent from Mitchell Scott, Eric Zillman, Betty Busk, Ken
many of the SEVT sites, suggesting that those Tucker, Jody Sowerby, Ranghild Finkenwirth,
SEVTsitessurveyed generallydidnotmeettheir Andrea Kintrup, Kay (Griffiths, Johannes Graf,
habitatrequirements. The macropodfaunaofthe the Inslay family and Marilyn Morgan.
closed forests of the study area is diverse, with
five species recorded and another two, T. stig- REFERENCES
matica and P. tridactylus, known to occur in the
area. Of the five species recorded, only T. thetis BROADBENT, J. & CLARK. S. 1976. ‘A faunal
could beconsideredatrue rainforestspecies, and survey of east Australian rainforests: Interim
it was recorded only once, at Dawes Range, a Report’. (Australian Museum: Sydney). 132pp.
CNVF site. T. stigmatica, which prefers wet COVACEVICH,J.,COUPER,P.,&JAMES,C. 1993.
sclerophyll forest and rainforest, was reported A new skink, Nanguraspinosa gen. et sp. nov.,
from Granite Ck SF by Broadbent & Clark from a dry rainforest of southern Queensland’.
(1976). Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 34 (1):
Introduced and feral mammals did not figure 159-168.
highly at any of the sites. Rabbits, cattle, house CZECHURA, G.V. 1986. ‘Distant exiles: frogs and
mice, and feral cats were recorded at only two reptiles recorded from Kroombit Tops,
Southeastern Queensland’. Queensland
sites.
The dry rainforests of south and mideastem Naturalist27(1-4): 61-67.
Queenslandarepoorlyconserved. Inthepastthey DENNY, M. 1984. ‘Rapid surv-eys offauna and their
uhnadveeratthteraccotnetdrollitotlfethseciQenuteiefnicslianntdereFsotr.esTthSoesre- Cha.bRi.tat&s’.MuPspl.o3,76L-91(edIsn).M‘ySeurrsv,eyK.m,etMhaorgduslefso,r
vfircoem(mQaFjSo)rcdainstbuerbcaonncsei.deArletdhtoougbhercealtattlieveglryazsianfge FORSnTaEtRur,ecPo.nI.s.erBvaOtSioTnOVCoKl.,1*P..(D.C,SIBRIOR:DC,anLb.eHr.ra)&.
continuesinmanysites,currentQFSpolicyisthat BEAN, A.R. (1991). ‘Vineforesl Plant Atlas for
there will be no further logging. Cattle open up South-East Queensland'. (Queensland Her-
the forest, destroy the lowerstratum, and disturb barium: Brisbane).
the soil and humus layer. In so doing they can GILLISON, A.N. & BREWER, K.R.W. 1985. The
destroy the habitat of small mammals, reptiles, use ofgradientdirectedtransects orgradsects in
and amphibians, while encouraging invasion by natural resource surveys’. Journal of Environ-
weeds, particularly Lantanacamara. Fire, which mental Management20: 103-127.
is a common management tool of most graziers, INGRAM,G.J.&RAVEN,R.J. 1991 (eds). ‘AnAtlas
222 MEMOIRS OFTHEQUEENSLANDMUSEUM
of Queensland’s frogs, reptiles, birds and and heritage values of the Balaclava Is
mammals’. (Board of Trustees, Queensland Rundle Range-Northern Narrows area, cen.
Museum: Brisbane). 391pp. Queensland. Unpubl. report for Esso Australia
ROBINSON, R.F. 1977. ‘Management ofthe Good- Ltd.’ (Institute of Applied Environmental Re-
night Scrub’. Unpubl. report to the Queensland search: Griffith University).
ForestService. WOODALL,P.F. 1986. ‘MammalsatKroombitTops,
STOCK, E.C., COUTTS, R.H., O’NEILL, J.P., & Central Queensland’. Queensland Naturalist
TRINDER,K.V. 1988. ‘Vegetationcommunities 27(1-4): 76-79.
APPENDIX 1. Vertebrate species recorded in dry rainforests in south and mideastem Queensland,
BANIASF54
Amphibians F.Myobatrachidae:Adelotusbrevis;Limtxodynasiesornatus;Lterraeginae;Pseiuiophrynemajor;F.Hylidae:
Litoriarubella;F. Biifonidae: Bufomarinus.
Reptiles F. Agamidae: Physignathus lesueurii; F. Gekkonidae: Diplodacrylussieindachtieri: D. viitatus; Oedura tryoni;
Phyllurus salebrosus; F. Varanidae: Varanus varius; F. Scincidae: Anomalopus verreauxi; Calyptotis lepidorostrum; C.
scutirostrum; Carliapectoralis; Ctenotus taeniolatus; Eulamprus tenuis; Lampropholis adonis; L. amicula; L couperi; L
delicata.
Birds F. Analidae: Chenonetta Jubata; F. Accipitridae; Accipiterfasciatus; Aquila audax; Aviceda subcrislata; F.
Megapodiidae:Alecturalathami; F. Tumicidae: Turnixvaria; F.Columbidae: Chalcophaps indica; Geopeliahumeralis: G.
placida; Leucosarcia melanoleuca; Macropygia amboinensis; Ptilinoptis magnificus; P. regina; F. Cacatuidae: Cacatua
galerita; Calyptorhynchusfunereus; C. magnificus; F. Loriidac: Glossopsitta pusilla; Trichoglossus chlorolepidotus; T.
haemaiodus;F.PolfieVitidac:Alisterusscapularis;F.Plalycercidae:Platycercusadscitus;F.Cuculidae:Chrysococcyxlucidus;
Cuculuspyrrhophanus; C. variolosus; Eudynamisscolopacea;Scythropsnovaehollandiae;F.Strigidae:Ninoxnovaeseelan-
diae; N. strenua; F. Podargidae: Podargus strigoides; F. Aegolhelidae: Aegotheles cristatus; F. Apodidae: Hirundapus
caudacutiLs; F. Alcedinidae: Dacelo novaeguineae; Halcyon macleayii; F. Pillidae: Pitta versicolor, F. Campephagidae;
Coracina novaehollandiae; C.papuensis; C. tenuirostris; Lalage leucomela; F. Muscicapidae: Colluricinclaharmonica; C.
megarhyncha; Eopsaltria australis; Falcunculusfrontatus: Microeca leucophaea; Momrclui leucotis; M. melanopsis; M.
trivirgatus; Myiagracyanoleuca; Pachycephalapectoralis;P. rufiventris;Rhipidurafuliginosa; R. leucophrys: R. rufifrons;
F. Orthonychidae: Psophodes olivaceus; F. Timaliidaef Pomafostomus temporalis; F. Maluridae: Malurus lamberti; M.
melanocephalus; F. Acanthizidae; Acanthizapusilla; A. regutoides; Gerygone mouki; G. olivacea; Sericornisfrontalis; S.
magnirostris; F. Neosittidae: Duphoenositta chrysoptera; F. Climacieridae; Climacleris leucophaea; C. picumnus; F.
Meliphagidae: Entornyzon cyanotis; Uchenostomus chrysops; Manorina melanocephala: Meliphaga lewinii; Melithreptus
albogularis;M.lunatus;Myzomelaobscura;M.sanguinolenta;Philemoncorniculatus;F.Pardalolidae:Pardalotuspunctatus;
F. Zostcropidae: Zoslerops lateralis; F. Ploceidae: Emblema temporalis; F. Oriolidae: Oriolus sagittalus; F. Dicruridae:
Dicrurus hottentottus; F. Paradisaeidae: Ailuroedtis crassirostris: Ptiloris paradiseus; Sericulus cbrysocephalus; F. Gral-
linidae: Grallinacyanoleuca:F.Craciicidae: Cracticusnigrogularis; C. torquatus; Gymnorhinatibicen; Streperagraculina;
F. Corvidae; Corvusorru.
Mammals:F. Phascolarctidae: Phascolarctoscinereus;F. Petauridae: Petaurusaustralis;F, Pseudocheiridae:Petauroides
volans;F. Phalangeridae: Trichosuruscaninus; T. vulpecula; F. Emballonuridae:Saccolaimusflaviventris;F. Rhinolophidae:
Rhinolophusmegophyllids;F.Vespertilionidae: Chalinolobusgouldii;Miniopterisaustralis;Nyctophilusgouldii;Scotorepens
greyii;F. Muridae; Melomyscervinipes;F. Canidae: Canisfamiliarisdingo.
BOOGOORAMUNYASF465
Amphibians;F. Myobatrachidae: Limnodynastesornatus: L Criniaparasignifera; C. signifera; Pseudophrynemajor; F.
Hylidae:Litoriacaerulea; L. latopalmata;L. lesueurii;L.rubella;F. Bufonidae;Bufomarinus.
Reptiles:F.Gekkonidae:Heieronotiabinoei;Oeduramonilis;F.Scincidae;Anomalopusverreauxi;Calyptotisscutirostrum;
Carlia pectoralis; Cryptoblepharus virgatus; Ctenotus taeniolatus; Eulamprus tenuis: Lampropholis adonis: L. amicula:
Lygisauru.Kfoliorum; F. Elapidae: Rhinoplocephalusnigrescens.
Birds; F. Ardea;Ardeanoxaeludlandiae; F. Accipitridae: Accipitercirrhocephalus;A.fasciatus:Avicedasuberistata; F.
Falconidac;Falcocenchroides;F. Megapodiidae:Alectura (atharni;F. Phasianidac: Coturnixaustralis:F.Tumicidae: Turnix
varia; F.Columbidae:Chalcopimpsituiica; Geopeliahuftieralis:Leucosarciamelanoleuca:Ptilinopusregina; F.Cacatuidae;
Cacatuagalerita; Calyptorhynchusfunereus: F. Loriidae; Glossopsittapusilla: Trichoglossushaematodus; F. Polytelitidae:
Alisferus scapularis; F. Plalycercidae: Platycercus adscitus; F. Cuculidae; Centropusphasianinus; Chrysococcyx basalis;
Cuculuspyrrhophanus; Eudynamisscolopacea;Scythropsnovaehollandiae;F.Strigidae:Ninoxrumieseelandiae;N. strenua;
F. Podargidae: Podargusstrigoides; F, Aegothelidae: Aegothelescristatus; F. Alcedinidae: Dacelonovaeguineae; Halcyon
sancia;F.Meropidae:Meropsornatus: F.Coraciidae:Eurystomusorientalis:F. Pitlidae:Pittaversicolor;F.Campephagidae:
Coracinanovaehollandiae; C. papuensis; C. tenuirostris; Lalage leucomela; F. Muscicapidae; Colluricinclaharmonica; C.
megarhyncha: Eopsaltria australis; Monurcha leucotis. M. melanopsis: Myiagra rubecula; Pachycephala pectoralis: P.
rufiventris: Petroica rosea: Rhipidurafuliginosa: R. leucophrys; R. rufifrons; F. Orthonychidae: Psophodesolivaceus; F.
Timaliidae; Pomafostomus temfwralis; F. Maluridae: Malurus melanocephalus; F. Acanihizidae: Acatuhiza pu.silla; A.
reguloides;Gerygoneolivacea;Sericornisfrontalis;S. magnirostris; Smicrornisbrevirostris; F. Neosittidae: Duphoenositta
chrysoptera:F.Climacieridae:Climacterisleucophaea;F.Meliphagidae:Lichenostomuschrysops:Manorinamelanocephala:
MeliphagaleM'inii:Melithreptusalbogularis: Myzomelasanguinolenta; F.Pardalolidae: Pardalotuspunciatits;P. striafus;F.
Zostcropidae:Zosleropslateralis;F.Ploceidae:Emblematemporalis:Poephilabichenovii:Emblematemporalis;F.Oriolidae:
Oriolussagitlatus; Splwcotheres viridis; F. Dicruriikie: Dicrurushottentottus; F. Corcoracidac: Corcoraxmelanorhamphos;
F. Craciicidae: C torqimtus;Gymnorhinatibicen; Strefyeragraculina;F. Corvidae: Con’usorru.
Mammals: F. Dasyuridae: Planigale maculata; F. Peramelidae: Perameles nasuta: F. Phascolarctidae: Phascolarctos
SURVEYOFDRYRAINFORESTVERTEBRATES
223
cinereus; F. Pseudocheiridae: Pseudocheirusperegrinus; F. Phalangeridae: Trichosurus caninus; T vulpecula', F. Macro-
podid^. Macropusdorsalis; M. giganteus; Wallabiabicolor;F.Molossidae: Mormopterusbeccarii;Nyctinomusaustralis;
F. Rhinolophidae: Rhiuolopus megaphyUus; F. Vespertilionidae: Chalinolobusgouldii; C. nigrogriseus; Eptesicuspumilis;
Miniopterusaustralis;M.schreibersii;NyctophilusgeoffroyiScotorepensgreyii;F.Muridae: Melomysbutoni;M.cervinipes;
F.Canidae: Canisfamiliarisdingo;F. Leporidae: Oryctolaguscuniculus.
BOYNELOGGINGAREASF391
Amphibians:F. Hylidae:Litorialesueurii;F. Bufonidae:Bufomarinus.
Reptiles:F. Gekkonidae: Phylluruscaudiannulatus;F. Varanidae: Varanus varius: F. Scincidae: Calyptotisscutirostrwn;
Hemisphaeriodongerrardii;Lampropholisadonis;Ophioscincusophioscincus.
Birds:F.Accipitridae:AccipiternovaehoUandiae;Aquilaaudax;Avicedasubcristata;Lophoictiniaisura;F.Megapodiidae:
Alectura lathami; F. Columbidae: Chalcophaps indica; Columlxi leucomela; Leucosarcia melanoleuca; Lopholaimus an-
tarcticus;Macropygiaamboinensis;Ptilinopusmagniftcus;P.regina:P. superbus;F.Cacaiuidae:Calyptorhynchusfunereus;
R
C. magniftcus; Loriidae: Trichoghssus haematodus; F. Polytelitickie: Alisterus scapularis: F. Cuculidae: Chrysococcyx
tucidus; Cucutus pyrrhophanus; F. Slrigidae: Ninox novaeseelandiae; F. Tytonidae: Tyto tenehricosa; F. Aegolhelidae:
Aegotheles cristatus; F. Apodidae: Apus pucificus; flirundapus caudacutus; F. Alcedinidae: Ceyx azurea; Dacelo
novaeguineae; Halcyon sancta; F‘. Pitlidac: Pitta versicolor; \\ Campcphagidae: Coracina lineata; C. tenuirostris; Lalage
leucomela; F. Muscicapidae: Collurichicla harmonica; C. megarhyncha; Eopsaltria aiatralis: Monarcha melanopsis; M.
trivirgatus; Pachycephala pectoralis; Petroica rosea; Rhipidurafuliginosa; R. rufifrons; F. Orthonychidae: Psophodes
olivaceus; F. Acanthizidae: Acanthiza pusilla; Gerygone mouki; Sericornisfrontalis; S. magnirosfris; F. Climacteridae:
Climacteris leucophaea; F. Meliphagidae: Acanthorhynchus tenuirostris; Meliphaga lewinii; Myzotnela obscura; M. san-
guinolenta; F. Zosteropidae: Zosterops lateralis: F. Ploceidae: Emblema temporalis; F. Oriolidae: Sphecotheresviridis; F.
Paradisaeidae: Ailuroeduscrassirostris; Ptilorisparadiseus; Sericuluschrysocephalus; F. Artamidae:Artamuscinereus; F.
Cracticidae:Streperagraculina;F. Corvidae: Corvusorru.
Mammals: F. Dasyuridae: Planigale maculata; F. Pseudocheiridae: Pseudocheirus peregrinus; F. Phalangeridae:
Trichosuruscaninus;F.Pteropodidae:Pteropuspoliocephalus;Syconycterisaustralis;RMuridae:Melomyscervinipes;Rattus
fuscipes;F. Bovidae: Bostaurus.
DAWESRANGESF391
Amphibians:F.Myobatrachidae:Litorialesueuri; R Bufonidae:Bufomarinus.
Reptiles:F.Gekkonidae:Phylluruscaudiannulatus;F.Scincidae:Calyptotisscutirostrum;Eulamprustenuis;Lampropholis
adonis; Ophioscincusophioscincus; R Boidae: Moreliaspilota; Rhinoplocephalusnigrescens.
Birds:F.Accipitridae:Accipiternovaehotlandiae;F*.Megapodiidae:Alecturalathami;F.Columbidae:Chalcophapsindica;
Columba leucomela; Leucosarcia melanoleuca; Ixtpholaimus antarcticus; Macropygia amboinensis; Ocyphaps lophotes;
Ptilinopus magniftcus: P, regina; R Cacaiuidae: Calypiorhynchus magniftcus; F, Cuculidae: Cuculus pyrrhophanus; F.
Loriidae:Trichoghssushaematodus;F.Polytelitidae:Alisterusscapularis:F.Cuculidae:Cuculuspyrrhophanus;RStrigidae:
Ninoxnovaeseelandiae; F.Tytonidae: Tytotenebricosa;F. Aegolhelidae:Aegothelescristatus;R Apodidae:Apuspacificus;
F. Alcedinidae: Dacelo novaeguineae; R Pillidae: Pitta versicolor; F. Campcphagidae: Coracina novaehollandiae; Lalage
leucomela; F. Muscicapidae: Colluricincla harmonica: C. megarhyncha: Eopsaltria australis: Monarcha leucotis; M.
melanopsis; Pachycephala pectoralis: Petroica rosea; Rhipidurafuliginosa; R. rufifrons; F. Orthonychidae: Psophodes
olivaceus;F. Acanthizidae: Acanthizanana; A. pusilla; Gerygone mouki; Sericornisfrontalis; S. magnirostris; F. Climac-
teridae: Climacteris leucophaea; R Meliphagidae: Lichenostomus chrysops;. Lichmera indistinefa; Meliphaga lewinii;
Myzomelasanguinolenta;F.Zosteropidae:Zosteropslateralis;F.Ploceidae:Emblematemporalis;F.Oriolidae:Sphecotheres
viridis; F. Paradisaeidae: Ailuroedus crassirostris; Ptilorisparadiseus: Sericulus chrysocephalus; F. Grallinidae: Grallina
cyanoleuca;F.Cracticidae: Cracticusnigrogularis;Gymnorhinatibicen;Streperagraculina: R Corvidae: Corvusorru.
Mammals:RDasyuridae:Antechinusfavipes;RPeramelidae:Peramelesnasuta;F.Pseudocheiridae: Petauroidesvolans;
Pseudocheirusperegrinus: F. Phalangeridae: Trichosuruscaninus: F. Macropodidae: Macropusdorsalis; Thylogale ihetis;
Wallabiabicolor;F.Muridae:Melomyscervinipes: Rattusfuscipes.
COOMINGLAHSF28
Amphibians:F. Bufonidae:Bufomarinus.
Reptiles:F.Gekkonidae:Diplodactylusviltatus;Heteronotiabinoei;Oeditratryoni;Underwoodisaurusrmlii;F.Agamidae:
Pogona barbata; F. Varanidae: Varanus varius: F. Scincidae: Anomalopus verreuuxi; Carlia pectoralis: C. schmeltzii;
Cryptoblepharus virgatus; Ctenotus taeniolaius; Eulamprus quoyii; E. tenuis; Lampropholis amicula; F. Elapidae:
Rhinoplocephalusnigrescens.
Birds: F. Accipitridae: Aquilaaudax; F. Megapodiidae:Alectura lathami: RColumbidae: Chalcophapsitulica; Geopelia
humeralis; G. placida; Leucosarcia melanoleuca; Ocyphaps lophotes: F. Cacaluidite: Cacatua galeriia; C. roseicapilla;
Calyptorhynchus magniftcus; V. Loriidae: Glossopsitta pusilla; Trichoglossus haematodus; F. Polytelitidae: Alisterus
scapularis;F.Plalycercidac:Platycercusadscitus;F.Cuculidae:Chrysococcyxtucidus; Cuculuspyrrhophanus;F.Strigidae.
nNoivnaoexguniovnaeeasee;eRlanMdeiraoep;idRaeP:cxMlearrogipdsaeo:rnPaotduas;rgFu.sPisltlriidgaoei:dPeist;taF.veAresgioclohloerl:idRaeC:aAmepgcopthhaegliedsacer:isCtaotruasc:iFn.aAnlocveadeihnoildlaaen;diDaaec;elCo
papuensis;Lalageleucomela; F. Muscicapidae: Colluricinclaharmonica; Eopsaltriaaustralis. Pachycephalapectoralis, P.
rufiventris; Rhipidura fuliginosa; R. leucophrys; R. rufifrons; F. Orthonychidae: Psophodes olivaceus: F, Timaliidae.
Pomatostomus temporalis; R Maluridae; Malurus lamberti; R Acanthizidae: Acanthiza pusilla; A. reguloides; Gerygorw
mouki; G. olivacea; Sericornisfrontalis: S. magnirostris; S. saggitatus; F. Ncosiltidae: Daphoenositta chrysoptera, F.
Clelwiimnaicit;erMiedlaiet:hreCpltiumsacltuenraitsusl;euMcyozpohtaneeal;asRanMgeuliinoplheangtiad;aeP:hiLliecmhoennocsittormeuogsulcahrrHy;soRps;PaMrdaanloolriidnaae;mPealnahnolcoetpuhsaplua/;icMteulliatpMh;agPa.
striatus; R Zosteropidae: Zosterops lateralis; F. Ploceidae: Emblema temporalis; F. Oriolidae. Sphecotheres viridis, F.
Dicruridae: Dicrurus hotteniotm: R Grallinidae: GraUina cyanoleuca; H. Cracticidae: Cracticus mgrogularts; Strepera
graMcaulmimnaa;lsF.:CoFr.viDdaasey:uCroirdvaues:oPrlrua.nigale maculata; F. Phascolarctidae: Phascola,rctos cinereus; iR- rP.seudjocuhemdjae:
224 MEMOIRS OFTHEQUEENSLANDMUSEUM
Petauroides volans: Pseudocheirusperegrinus; F. Macropodidae: Macropus dorsalis; M. giganteus; Petrogale herberti;
Wallabiabicolor;F.Molossidae:Mormopterusloriae;F.Vespertilionidae:Chalinolobusgouldii;C.nigrogriseus;Miniopteris
schreibersii;Scoleanaxrueppellii;Scolorepensgreyii; F. Muridae: Melomyscervinipes;F.Canidae: Canisfamiliarisdingo:
COONGARAROCKSF 1344
Amphibians:F.Myobatrachidae:Adelotusbrevis;Mixophyesfasciolatus;F. Hylidae: Litoriacaerulea;L. gracilenta.
Reptiles:F.Scincidae:Calyptotisscutirostrum;Carliapectoralis;Cryptoblepharusvirgatus;Ctenotusrobustus:Eulamprus
quoyii;E. tenuis:Lampropholisadonis:L amicula;F.CoJubridae:Boigairregularis:F. Elapidae:Pseudechisporphyriacus.
Birds:F.Ardeidae:Nycticoraxcaledonicws:F.\cc\p\\nd:^it:Accipiternovaehollandiae:Aquilaaudax:Avicedasubcristata:
F. Megapodiidae: Alectura laihami: F. Phasianidac; Cotumixaustralis: F. Tiimicidae: Tumix varia: F. RalHdae: Gallinula
olivacea: F. Columbidae: Chalcophaps indica: Geopelia humeralis: G, placida: Leucosarcia melanoleuca: Macropygia
amboinensis:Ptilinopusregina;F.Cacatuidae:Cacatuagalerita;F.Loriidae:Glossopsittapusilla:Trichoglossushaematodus:
F.Polyielitidae:Alisterusscapularis;F.Platycercidae:Platycercusadsciius:F.Cuculidae:Centropusphasianinus:Chrysococ-
cyxlucidus:Cuculuspyrrhophanus:Eudyfiamisscolopacea:F.Strigidae:Ninoxnovaeseetandiae;F.AegoiheWdac:Aegotheles
cristatus: F. Alcedinidae: Dacelo novaeguineae; F, Meropidae: Merops ornalus: F Coraciidae: FMrystomus orientalis; F.
Pittidae:Pittaversicolor:F.Campephagidae:Lalageteucomela:F.Muscicapidae:Colluricinclaharmonica:C.megarhyncha:
Eopsaltriaaustralis:Monarchaleucotis:M.melanopsis:M. trivirgatus:Pachycephalarufiventris:Petroicarosea;Rhipidura
fuliginosa: F. Onhonychidae: Psophodes olivaceus; F. Maluridae: Malurus melanocephalus; F. Acanthizidae: Acanthiza
pusilla: Sericomisfrontalis: S. magnirostris; F. Mehphagidae: Lichmera indistincta: Meliphaga lewinii; Myzomela san-
guinolenta: Philemon comiculatus: F. Pardalolidae: Pardalotuspuncfulatus: P. striata: F. Ploceidae: Emblema temporalis:
Poephila bichenovii; F. Dicruridae: Dicrunts hoftentoffus: F. Cracticidae: Cracticus nigrogularis: Gymnorhina tibicen;
Streperagraculina:F.Corvidae: Corvusorru.
Mammals: F. Pseudocbeiridae: Pseudocheirusperegrinus: F. Phaiangeridae: Trichosurus caninus: F. Molossidae: Mor-
mopterus loriae: F, Rhinolophidae: Rhinolophus megaphyllus; F. Vespertilionidae: Chalinolobus gouldii: Miniopteris
austrttlis:M. schreibersii:Scoteanaxrueppellii:
DANDAN SCRUBSF53
Amphibians:F.Myobatrachidae:Limnodynastesornati4S’,Pseudophrynemajor;F. Hylidae;Litoriacaerulea;Lgracilenta;
L lesueurii;L. rubella;F. Bufonidae:Bufomarinus.
Reptiles: F. Agamidae: Diporiphora australis: F. Scincidae: Anomalopus verreauxi; Carliapectoralis: C. schmeltzH: C.
vivax: Cryptoblepharusvirgatus; Ctenotustaeniolatus;F. Boidae;Moreliaspilota; F. Colubridae: Dendrelaphispunctulata.
Birds: F. Ardeidae: Ardeapacifica; Nycticoraxcaledonicus: F. Accipitridae:Accipitercirrhocephalus;Aquilaaudax; F.
Falconidae: Falco berigora; F. Megapodiidae: Alectura lathami: F. Phasianidae: Coturnixaustralis; F. Columbidae: Chal-
cophapsindica:Geopeliahumeralis:G.placida:Leucosarciamelanoleuca:Lopholaimusaniarcticus;Macropygiaamboinen-
sis:Ptilitiopusmagnificus:P.regina:F.Cacaluidite:Cacatuagalerita;Calyptorhynchusmagnificus;H.Loriidae:Trichoglossus
chlorolepidotus; T. haematodus; F. Polytelitidae:Alisterusscapularis; F. Platycercidae: Platycercusadscitus; F. Cuculidae:
Centropus phauaninus; Chrysococcyx lucidus: Cuculus pyrrhophanus: Scythrops novaehollundiae; F. Strigidae: Ninox
novaeseelandiae:F.Podargidae:Podargusstrigoides; F. Aegothelidae:Aegothelescristatus:F.Capriimdgidac:Caprimulgus
macrurus;F.Apodidae:Apuspaciftcus;Hirundapuscaudacutus:F.Alcedinidae:Ceyxazurea:Dacelonovaeguineae;Halcyon
Sanaa; F. Meropidae: Merops ornatus: F. Coraciidae: Eurystomus orientalis: F. Campephagidae: Coracina tenuirostris:
Lalageleucomela; F.Muscicapidae: Colluricinclaharmonica; C. megarhyncha:Eopsaltriaaustralis:Monarchaleucotis:M.
melanopsis:M. trivirgatus:Myiagra rubecula: Pachycephalapeaoralis:P. nifiventris; Rhipidurafuliginosa:R. rufifrons;F.
Orthonychidae:Psophodesolivaceus:F.Maluridae:Maluruslamberti;F.Acanthizidae:Acon/A/sanana;A.pusilla;Sericomis
frontalis; S. magnirostris; F. Meliphagidae: Manoritxa melanocephala: Meliphaga le\\'inii; Melithreptus albogularis;
Myzomela obscura: M. sanguinolenta; Philemon citreogularis: P. comiculatus;F. Dicaeidae: Dicaeum hirundinaceum; F.
Pardalolidae: Pardalotus striatus: F. Zosteropidae: Zosterops lateralis; F. Ploceidae: Emblema temporalis: F. Onolidae:
Oriolussagittatus; Sphecotheres viridis: F. Dicruridae: Dicrurushottentottus; F. Paradisaeidae: Ptilonorhynchus violaceus;
Sericuluschrysocephalus; F.Corcoracidae: Corcoraxmelanorhatnpkos:F.Cracticidae: Cracticusnigrogularis:Gymnorhina
tibicen;Streperagraculina;F.Corvidae: Corvusorru.
Mammals: F. Ornithorynchidae: Ornithorhynchus anafinus: F. Phascolarctidae: Phascolarctos cinereus; F. Pseudo-
cheiridac: Petauroidesvolans: F. Phaiangeridae: Trichosuruscanirms; T. vulpecula; F. Macropodidae: Wallabiabicolor;F.
Pteropodidae: Nyctimene robinsoni; Pteropus alecto; F. Vespertilionidae: Chalinolobus gouldii; Miniopteris schreibersii:
Scoteanaxruef^ellii; F. Muridae;Hydromyschrysogaster;Rattusfuscipes; F. Felidae: Feliscatus.
DEEPCREEKTR581
Amphibians: F. Myobatrachidae:Limnodynastesornatus;L.peronii; Pseudophrynemajor; F. Hylidae: Litoriacaerulea;
L latopalmata; F. Bufonidae:Bufomarinus.
Reptiles: F. Gekkonidae: Gehyradubia;Heteronotiabinoei; Oeduratryoni; F. Scincidae: Calyptotisscutirostrum: Carlia
pectoralis: C. schmeltzii; C. vivax; Cryptoblepharusvirgatus; Eulamprustenuis: Lampropholisadonis:L. amicula; Ophios-
cincusophioscincus;F.Boidae:Moreliaspilota; F.El^idae: Pseudechisporphyriacus; Pseudonajatextilis.
Birds:F. Ardeidae:Ardeanovaehotlandiae;F. Analidae:Anasstqjerciliosa; F. Accipitridae:Aquilaaudax; F. Falconi^e:
Falco berigora; F. Megapodiidae; Alectura lathami; F. Turnicidae; Turnix varia;. F. Columbidae: Chalcophaps indica;
Geopelia humeralis; Lopholaimus antarcticus: Macropygia amhoinetisis: F. Cacatuidae: Calyptorhynchus magnificus;
Cacatuaroseicapilla;F.Loriidae:Trichoglossushaematodus;F.Polytelitidae;A/ijr/er«5scapularis;F.Platycercidae:Platycer-
cusadsciius: F. Cuculidae: Centropusphasianinus; Chrysococcyx lucidus; Cuculuspyrrhophanus: Eudynamisscolopacea;
Scythrops novaehollandiae; R Strigidae: Ninox novaeseelandiae; F. Aegothelidae: Aegotheles cristatus; F. Alcedinidae:
Dacelonovaeguineae; F. Meropidae: Merops ornatus; F. Pittidae: Pitta versicolor; F.Campephagidae: Coracinanovaehol-
landiae:C.tenuirostris;Lalageleucomela;F.Muscicapidae:Colluricinclaharmonica;C.megarhyncha;Eopsaltriaaustralis;
Monarchaleucotis;M. melanopsis;M.trivirgatus;Pachycephalapectoralis;P. ruftvenlris;Rhipidurafuliginosa:R. rufifrons;
R Orthonychidae: Psophodesolivaceus; F. Timaliidae: Pomatostomustemporalis; F. Maluridae: Malurus melanocephalus;
F. Acanthizidae: Acanthizapusilla;A. reguloides; Gerygoneolivacea; G.palpebrosa; Sericomisfrontalis; S. magnirostris: