Table Of ContentVACUUM MICROBALANCE TECHNIQUES
VOLUME 7
VACUUM MICROBALANCE TECHNIQUES
Volume 1 Volume 5
Fort Monmouth Conference-1960 Princeton Conference-1965
Edited by Max J. Katz Edited by Klaus H. Behrndt
Volume 2 Volume 6
Washington, D.C. Conference-1961 Newport Beach Conference-1966
Edited by Raymond F. Walker Edited by A. W. Czanderna
Volume 7
Volume 3
Eindhoven Conference-1968
Los Angeles Conference-1962
Edited by C. H. Massen
Edited by Klaus H. Behrndt
and H. J. van Beckum
Volume 4 VolumeS
Pittsburgh Conference -1964 Wakefield Conference-1969
Edited by Paul M. Waters Edited by A. W. Czanderna
VACUUM MICROBALANCE TECHNIQUES
VOLUME 7
Proceedings of the Eindhoven Conference
June 17-18,1968
Edited by
c. H. Massen and H. J. van Beckum
Eindhoven University of Technology
Eindhoven, Netherlands
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PLENUM PRESS • NEW YORK-LONDON • 1970
Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 61-8595
ISBN 978-1-4757-0727-4 ISBN 978-1-4757-0725-0 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-1-4757-0725-0
© 1970 Plenum Press, New York
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1970
A Division of Plenum Publishing Corporation
227 West 17th Street, New York, N.Y. 10011
United Kingdom edition published by Plenum Press, London
A Division of Plenum Publishing Corporation, Ltd.
Donington House, 80 Norfolk Street London W.C. 2, England
All rights reserved
No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form
without written permission from the publisher.
At the Seventh Vacuum Microbalance Techniques Con
ference one member was unfortunately absent whom
all his colleagues would have been glad to meet again.
He was our friend Lee Cahn, the initiator and driving
force of these conferences. whose sudden death de
prived the field of microbalance research of a most
enthusiastic collaborator.
Cahn's inventive faculty has always inspired young
research workers all over the world and has led to
the extension of our knowledge, the improvement of
vacuum m icrobala nce techniques. and the expansion
of their fields of application.
Lee Cahn will be especially remembered for his ac
tive part in the conference discussions, which re
sulted in many novel views. It was Cahn's practical
mind that turned them into improvements of hIs prod
ucts. In fact, Lee Cahn was a link between science
and engineering, and he will be sorely missed.
Editors' Note
The Seventh Vacuum Microbalance Techniques Conference at
the Eindhoven University of Technology, Netherlands, was the first
to be held outside the U.S.A. The great number of participants and
the lively discussions reflected the broad interest in this field in
Europe. The Conference also demonstrated that the development
of techniques persists in being the subject of many varied investi
gations.
Of the 23 papers presented at the Conference 21 have been in
corporated in the present volume in alphabetical order of first auth
ors' names. Contributions include descriptions of developments of
unconventional weighing techniques (Gast and Poulis et aU and
papers dealing with the simultaneous use of different weighing sys
tems (Hillecke et aI.). The techniques of calibration (Schmider et
aU and the different techniques used to eliminate weighing errors
(Cutting, Kuhn et aI., Moret et aI., Pebler, and Robens et al.) are
reported together with experimental data and theoretical discus
sions.
The multifarious applications of vacuum microbalances in
scientific research are shown in papers concerning such fields as
magnetic phenomena (Van den Bosch, Bransky et al., and Cini et
aU and chemical reactions (Boudeulle et al., Cameron et aI.,
Clough et aI., Dovaston et aI., and Gulbransen et aI.) under widely
diverging experimental conditions, e.g., temperature and gas pres
sure.
Other contributions - more or less of a synoptical nature -
deal with vacuum system evaluation and the use of vacuum micro
balances (Kollen et aI., Gregg, and Wiedemann), one paper (Dijkema
et aU describing the microgravimetrical determination of diffusion
coefficients in vapors.
vii
viii EDITORS' NOTE
The editors are very grateful to Mrs. F. Duifhuis-Van Ton
geren for her secretarial work and to Miss M. Gruyters for her
share in the preparation of the graphic work.
c. H. Massen
H. J. van Beckum
Contents
Conference Participants. . . • . . . . . • . • . . • . . . . . . . . xiii
Use of a Microbalance for the Determination of the Mass
of Oxygen Reacting during the Oxidation of Thin
Films of Binary Alloys. • . • • . • • . . • . . • • . . . . 1
M. Boudeulle, D. Durand, and p. Michel
Static Magnetic Susceptibility Measurements on Small
Solid Sample s . . • • • • • . • • • • • . • . • • • • • • . . • 9
A. Van den Bosch
Measurements of Magnetic Thin-Film Parameters by the
Use of an Automatic Microbalance ..•••.••.•• 19
Judith Bransky, I. Bransky, and A. A. Hirsch
Activation Energies of the Decomposition of Poly(methyl
O!-phenylacrylate) from Static and Dynamic TGA . . 27
G. G. Cameron and G. P. Kerr
Apparatus for the Accurate Measurements of Magnetic
Susceptibility with the Help of a Vacuum Electro-
balance .••••.•.•.•....•.•.••..•••..• 37
R. Cini and M. Torrini
Reduction Characteristics of Certain Oxides of Nickel
and Uranium •..•••••.•••..• 51
0 • • • • • • • • • •
P. S. Clough and Do Dollimore
A Temperature Error in the Gravimetric Determina-
tions of Adsorption Isotherms .••••••..•.••• 71
P. A. Cutting
Determination of the Diffusion Coefficient of Vapors by
Means of a Microbalance .••••••••.••••••• 79
K. M. Dijkema and J. C. Stouthart
ix
x CONTENTS
Activation of Cellulose-Triacetate Carbon by Reaction
with Carbon Dioxide: A Microgravimetric Study. 91
N. G. Dovaston and B. McEnaney
Microweighing in Vacuo with the Aid of Vibrations of a
Thin Band .•.•••.•.•....••...••••••.• 105
Th. Gast
Some Uses of Wire-Suspended Microbalances 109
S. J. Gregg
Oxidation in Flow-Reaction Systems . • • . . • • • • • . • • • 121
Earl A. Gulbransen, Fred A. Brassart, and
Kenneth F. Andrew
UHV Microbalance and Quartz Oscillator at Low
Temperature s • . • • • . • • . . • • . . • • • . . . . • • . • 135
D. Hillecke and H. Mayer
Dynamic Vacuum in Microbalance Chambers 145
W. Kollen and A. W. Czanderna
Methods for the Elimination of Weighing Troubles Due
to Convection in a Microbalance. • • • • • . . • • • • . 161
W. Kuhn, E. Robens, G. Sandstede, and G. Walter
Comments on the Applications and Improvement of a
UHV Microbalance. • • . . • • • • • • • . • . • • • • • • . 173
H. Moret, E. Louwerix, and E. Sattler
A New Microbalance Technique for Kinetic Studies of
Gas - Metal Reactions at High Temperatures . • • . 181
A. Pebler
A Moving-Table Balance. • . . • • • • . • • • • • • • . . • • • • 187
J. A. Poulis, M. Verduin, J. P. de Mey,
and C. H. Massen
Fluctuations of the Weight Indicated by a Microbalance
in the Pressure Range Between 1 and 103 torr
with the Sample at a Lower Temperature than
the Beam. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
E. Robens, G. Sandstede, G. Walter, and
G. Wurzbacher
