Table Of ContentT H E
Ill
H/1
W I T
-
USING
[ T ij i I
MACINTOSH
IS wY STI ET M ij7 I
Using the Macintost1·
with System 7
Lavona S. Rann
: I
Using the Macintosh®w ith System 7
Copyright © 1992 by Ques Corporation.
AU rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. No part of this book
may be used or reproduced in any form or by any means, or stored in a database
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of any part of this book for any purpose other than your own personal use is a
violation of United States copyright laws. For information, address Que
Corporation, 11711 N. CoUege Ave., Carmel, IN 46032.
Library of Congress Catalog No.: 91-62610
ISBN: 0-88022-772-9
This book is sold as is, without warranty of any kind, either express or implied,
respecting the contents of this book, including but not Limited to implied
warranties for the book's quality, performance, merchantability, or fitness for any
particular purpose. Neither Que Corporation nor its dealers or distributors shall
be liable to the purchaser or any other person or entity with respect to any
Liability, loss, or damage caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly by
this book.
94 93 92 91 4 3 2 1
Interpretation of the printing code: the rightmost double-digit number is the year
of the book's printing; the rightmost single-digit number, tl1e number of the
book's printing. For example, a printing code of92-1 shows that the first printing
of the book occurred in 1992.
Pub/isber: Lloyd J. Short
Associate Publisher: Karen A. Bluestein
Acquisitions Manager: Rick Ranucci
Product Development Manager: Thomas Bennen
Managing Editor: Paul Boger
Book Designer: Scott Cook
Production Team: Scott Boucher, Brad Chinn, jeanne Clark, Brook Farling,
S<mdra J. Grieshop, Audra Hershman, Betty Kish; Jlhil Kitchel, Bob LaRoche,
Anne L. Owen, juli Pavey, Tad Ringo, Linda Seifert, Louise Shinault, Bruce Steed,
johnna L: VanHoose, Phil Worthington
ii
Product Director
Shelley O'Hara
Production Editor
Cindy Morrow
Editor
Barbara K. Koenig
TechnicBI Editor
Mark Andrews
Composed in Garamond and MCP Digital
by Que Corporation
iii
About the Author
lavona S. Rann
avona S. Rann is involved in nearly every aspect of Macintosh
computing. She is president of LaRann Enterprises, a training and
consulting firm that is an Apple Registered Parmer (developer). She
writes articles for several computing and professional periodicals and
currently has a regular column in Mac/CHICAGO magazine. In addition to
working professionally with Macintosh users, she works with them in her
role as president of TAU, a 3500-plus member user group for business and
professional users of Macintosh and other computers made by Apple
Computer, Inc. She has been on Apple's User Group Advisory Council and
is an active beta tester for several software publishers.
Her formal education includes graduate degrees in computer science and
management, as well as several professional designations. Her broad
computing background reaches back to the 1960s when she first became a
programmer, system designer, and trainer. She is a member of the board of
several businesses and industry organizations, and a voting member of the
American National Standards Institute (ANSI).
When not working, she often can be found in the LaPub area on the America
Online network. LaPub is a social area that she developed to encourage
people to meet, make new friends, and enjoy old-fashioned human inter
action.
iv
Trademark Acknowledgments
ue Corporation has made every effort to supply trademark
information about company names, products, and services
mentioned in this book. Trademarks indicated below were derived
from various sources. Que Corporation cannot attest to the accuracy of
this information.
4th Dimension is a trademark of ACI ACIUS, Inc.
Apple, Apple Font Utility, Apple II, Apple IIGS, AppleTalk,
EtherTalk, Laser\Vriter, LocalTalk, Mac, Macintosh, MultiFinder,
ProDOS, and TokenT alk are registered trademarks and
ImageW riter, Disk First Aid, SuperDrive, and TrueType are
trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc.
Claris, FileMaker Pro, HyperCard, and MacWrite are regiStered
trademarks and MacDraw II is a trademark of Claris Corporation.
CompuServe is a registered trademark of H&R Block.
DEC is a registered trademark and VAX is a trademark of Digital
Equipment Corporation.
Drive Manager 7.0 is a trademark of GCC Technologies.
Encapsulated PostScript is a registered trademark of Adobe
Systems, Inc.
GEnie is a trademark of General Electric.
IBM and IBM PC are registered trademarks and DB2 and SQIJDS
are trademarks of International Business Machine CorpOL-ation.
Microsoft, Microsoft Excel, Microsoft Word, MS-DOS, and Windows
are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation.
UNIX is a registered trademark of AT&T.
Trademarks of other products mentioned in this book are held by the
companies producing them.
v
Contents at a Glance
Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 1
Part 1: Getting Started
Chapter 1 Introducing System 7 ............................................................................... 11
Chapter 2 Installing System 7 ................................................................................... 35
Part II: Using the New Interface
Chapter 3 Using the Macintosh Desktop .................................................................. 65
Chapter 4 Viewing and Managing Files .................................................................. 107
Chapter 5 Using the Finder .................................................................................... 137
Chapter 6 Working with Applications .................................................................... 155
Part Ill: Customizing Your Macintosh
Chapter 7 Using Options To Customize Your Macintosh ...................................... 185
Chapter 8 Adding Fonts and Sounds ...................................................................... 239
Part IV: Using Advanced Functions
Chapter 9 File Sharing ............................................................................................ 277
Chapter 10 InterApplication Communication .......................................................... 313
Chapter 11 Considering Fmther Customization ...................................................... 335
Part V: Troubleshooting .
Chapter 12 Troubleshooting Installation and Startup ............................................. 363
Chapter 13 Troubleshooting the Finder and Applications ...................................... 3 75
Appendix A Issues and Suggestions for System 6 Users ........................................... 389
Appendix B Hypercard .............................................................................................. 399
Appendix C Data Access I.anguage and Data Access Manager .................................. 405
Appendix D Exchanging Data with Apple II and MS-DOS Computers .................... .409
Appendix E Looking Past System 7.0 ........................................................................ 421
Index ............................................................................................................................. 427
vi
Table of Contents
J... ......
Introduction ..... 1
H • • HHH HHH •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• •• • ••
Getting Started
1 Introducing System 7. ........ 11
000 oOOoooOOo ooooooo .... o. . 0.. 000 00 0 0000000 00 000000 .. 00000 000.000 00 0000 0000 00 ........
Reviewing Macintosh History oooOoooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooOoOooOooOOOOOOOOOOOOOo00000000011
Defining Macintosh System Basics 00 00 000 00 0000 00 00 00 00 .. 00 0" 00 00 00 00 00 0000 00 00 ...... 00 00 00 .. 00 00 00 00 0000 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0013
Reviewing System Software Changes 00 00 .. 0000 00 00 00 00 00 .. 00 00 0o ooo• 00 00 00 0000 0000 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0000 00 00 00 00 000000 00 00 14
Hierarchical File System 00 0 0 00 00 00 00 0 00 00 000 000 00 0 00 00 0 0 00 0 00 00 00 0 0 0 00 00 0.0 00 0. 00 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 00 00 00 00 0 00 00 00 0 00 00 .0 0 00 00 00 0 1;
Introduction of MultiFinder 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 000 00 00 00 00 00 0.. 000 00 .. 000 00 00 00 000 .. 00 00 00 00 00 0.. 00 00 00 0000 00 00 00 00 000 17
Answering the Question: \\:'hy Now? 000000 ooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooOOOOOOOOOOooOOOOOOoOOOOOOOOOOOO 00000001 7
1
What Is Different about System 7? .... oooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo ...... oooooooooooooo .. ooooooo19
Determining \\:'ho Should Use System 7 oooooooooooooooooooooooooooo .... oooooooooooooooooooo .... ooooooooooooooooooooooo2 1
New Macintosh Users 00000 00 00000000000 0000000000000 00 ...... 0000000000000000 00 o.oo .... oo .. 000 00 0000000 00000000°0 000 000 00000 22
Existin~ M~cintosh Users ooooooooooooooooooooooooo ........ ooooooooooooooooooo ........ o. ... ooooooooooooooooooo'l"oooo .... 24
Rev1ewmg System 7 Features ooOOoooooooo .......... oooooo .... oooo oooooooooo .......... 00 ...... oooooooo 00 00000000 24
Reviewing the Applications That You Use oooooooooooooooooooo .... oo ...... oo .... ooooooooooooooo,OOOOooOOoo 25
Considering Network Issues .. 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 .... 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 .... 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 oo• 00 00 00 .. 00 00 .... 0 00 .. oo .. 00 26
Looking Forward Versus Looking Backward 00 00 0000 00 000000 00 00 0000 00 00 00 00 00 000000 00 00 00 00 00 .. 00 0000 00 26
Checking Compatibility 0000 00000000 0o ooooooo 00000000 0000 000 000 000 oooooooooooooooooooo 0000O oooooooooooooooo 00 00000000000 OOOoOOoo2 7
Understanding the Compatibility Report 00 ...... 00 00 00 ...... 00 00 .... 00 00 000000 000000 00 .. 00 .. 00 00 0000 01.. 00 0000 .. 31
Finding the Compatibility Checker Stack OOOOooOOOOOOOOooOOOOOO 000000000000 00000000000000000000000 00000000000000 32
Finding Other Compatibility Information 0000000 0000000 000 ...... 00 0000 000 00 .. .. 00000 00000000000000 OJ 00000000°3 3
Chapter Summary 000000000000000000 000000000000 000000000000000000000000000 OoooooOOo00 0000000 0O o00 0oo oooooooooooooooo 000 ,10000000000 34
L
2 Installing System 7 .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Re vt0e w0tn g Re qu•0r ements 0000 .. o0 0 00000000000 0O OOOOOOoOOOO 00 00 0000 000 000 0000 .... o0 0 0000000 0.. .. o00 00 00000000 00 0000000I0 0 00000000 3~'
Hardware Requiren1ents 000 00 000 00 00 0 0 0 00 00 0 00 000 00 0 00 00 00 000 00 00 .. 00 0 00 00 00 00 000 00 00 00 00 00 00 0 00 00 00 0. 00 0 .. 00 0 0! 00 0 00 00 00 36
Requirements for Virtual Memory and 32-Bit Addressing oooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo 37
Hard Drive Requirements 00 00 00 00 ...... 000 00 00 ........ 00 00 00 00 00 .. 00 00 00 ...... 0000 00 00 00 00 0.. 00 00 .... 00 0 00 00 0.. .. 3 7
Memory/RAM Requirements 000o ooooooooooOOOooooooooooOoOOOOOoO 000 000000000000oo oooooooooooooooooooooo ooooooooo 40
Software Requirements 00000 0000 000 00 00000000 .. 00 ...... oo 0000 .. o00 000 .... 0.. .. 0.. 00000 ...... ooo 000000000 0o o., ooo 0000 00 000 42
vii
Acquiring the Software .......................................................................................................... 4 2
Apple's Subscription Service ........................................................................................... 42
Retail Upgrade Packages ................................................................................................. 42
User Groups .................................................................................................................... 43
Reviewing the Systen1 7 Disks ............................................................................................... 44
HyperCard 2.1 Limited Edition ...................................................................................... 44
Before You Install the System 7 Disk .............................................................................. 45
Macintosh Networking Basics Disk ................................................................................. 45
The Install Disks .............................................................................................................. 45
Apple File Exchange ................................................................................................. 45
TeachText ................................................................................................................. 45
Emergency Startup Disk and Disk Utilities ............................................................... 46
Printing ..................................................................................................................... 46
Control Panel Devices and Desk Accessories ........................................................... 46
Understanding Why You Need To Copy Disks .................................................................... .47
Preparing an Empty Hard Drive ............................................................................................ 48
What Happens during Installation? ................................................................................ 49
Initializing an Apple-Supplied Drive ............................................................................... 50
Initializing a Third-Party Drive ........................................................................................ 52
Preparing a Used Drive for System 7 .................................................................................... 52
Reversing the Process ..................................................................................................... 52
Backing Up Your Hard Disk ............................................................................................ 53
Handling Existing Startup Devices ........................ ., ....................................................... 53
Installing the System ............................................................................................................. 54
Determining Where To Install Software ......................................................................... 55
Installing the Easy Way ................................................................................................... 56
Customizing the Installation ........................................................................................... 56
Inserting Disks ............... ,. ............................................................................................... 59
Starting Your System ....................................................................................................... 60
Chapter Summary ................................................................................................................. 61
II Using the New Interface
3 Using the Macintosh Desktop ............................................................................... 65
Accessing the Desktop .......................................................................................................... 66
Understanding Desktop Elements ........................................................................................ 67
viii
Icons ................................................................................................................................ 67
Device Icons .............................................................................................................. 67
Removable Devices ................................................................................................... 68
The Trash Can ........................................................................................................... 70
Application Icons ...................................................................................................... 70
Document Icons ....................................................................................................... 71
\X7indows ......................................................................................................................... 72
Menus .............................................................................................................................. 74
Pointers ........................................................................................................................... 75
Using the Mouse ................................................................................................................... 76
Click, Double-Click, and Shift-CHck ................................................................................ 77
Drag ................................................................................................................................. 78
Selecting Items ...................................................................................................................... 80
Selecting a Group of Items by Dragging a Box.. ............................................................. 81
Selecting All Items ................................................................................................ , .......... 83
Deselecting Items ............................................................................................................ 83
Working \vith Windows ......................................................................................................... 83
Opening and Selecting a Window .................................................................................. 84
Manipulating \Vindows ................................................................................................... 84
Scrolling a Window ......................................................................................................... 85
Working with Menus ..................................................... ,. ...................................................... 86
Selecting from Submenus and Pop-Up Menus ............................................................... 86
Using Keyboard ShortcutS for Menus .................................................................. , .......... 87
Gettin~ Help .............................................................................................................. .......... 88
1
Us1ng System 7 Balloon Help .............................................................................. , .......... 88
Using Other Help Tools .................................................................................................. 89
Getting Additional Help .................................................................................................. 90
Using Disks and Cartridges ................................................................................................... 90
lnitializing/Formaning Disks ........................................................................................... 91
Copying Disks and Cartridges ........................................................................................ 92
Copying from Floppy to Floppy Using the Finder ................................................... 92
Copying from a Floppy to a Hard Drive ....................................................... ..1. ......... 92
Printing ...................................................................................................................... ..1. ......... 94
Selecting a Printer ........................................................................................................... 94
Using Page Setup ............................................................................................................ 97
Using the Print Dialog ..................................................................................................... 99
Print Spooling ............................................................................................................... 100
Printing from the Desktop ............................................................................................ 103
Restarting and Shutting Down the Macintosh .................................................................... 103
Chapter Summary ............................................................................................................... 105
ix
