Using Samba: A File and Print Server for Linux, Unix & Mac OS X, 3rd Edition

449 Pages·2007·4.568 MB·English

by  Gerald Carter, Jay Ts, Robert Eckstein

THIRD EDITION
Using Samba
Gerald Carter, Jay Ts, and Robert Eckstein
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Using Samba, Third Edition
by Gerald Carter, Jay Ts, and Robert Eckstein
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[M]
Table of Contents
Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii
1. An Introduction to Samba . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
What Is Samba? 2
What Can Samba Do for Me? 3
The Common Internet File System 8
Connecting to a CIFS File Share 18
Browsing 20
Authentication: Peer-to-Peer Versus Domains 23
What’s in Samba 3.0? 25
Future Research in Samba 4.0 27
What Can Samba Do? 28
An Overview of the Samba Distribution 29
How Can I Get Samba? 31
2. Installing Samba on a Unix System. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Binary Packages 32
Compiling from Source 34
Compiling and Installing Samba 42
Enabling the Samba Web Administration Tool (SWAT) 46
A Basic Samba Configuration File 48
Firewall Configuration 53
Starting the Samba Daemons 54
3. Configuring Windows Clients. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Windows Networking Concepts 62
Windows Setup 68
iii
4. The Samba Configuration File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Basic Syntax and Rules 80
Special Sections 88
Configuration File Options 90
Basic Server Configuration 93
Disk Share Configuration 96
Networking Options with Samba 99
Virtual Servers 103
Logging Configuration Options 106
5. Accounts, Authentication, and Authorization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
Security Modes 112
User Management 121
Group Mapping 137
User Privilege Management 140
Controlling Authorization for File Shares 143
6. Advanced Disk Shares . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
Special Share Names 148
Filesystem Differences 151
Access Control Lists 171
Microsoft Distributed File Systems 178
Virtual File Systems 181
Executing Server Scripts 182
7. Printing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
Print Shares 185
A Usable Print Share 190
Samba and CUPS 192
The [printers] Service 193
Enabling SMB Printer Sharing in OS X 196
Creating a PDF Printer 196
Managing Windows Print Drivers 197
Printers and Security 205
Disabling Point and Print 207
Printing, Queue Lists, and tdb Files 208
Printing to Windows Printers 209
Printing Parameters 213
iv | Table of Contents
8. Name Resolution and Network Browsing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216
Name Resolution 217
Network Browsing 222
9. Domain Controllers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234
Samba Domains: NT 4.0 or Active Directory? 234
Configuring a Samba PDC 235
Configuring a Samba BDC 252
passdb Recommendations 253
Migrating an NT 4.0 Domain to Samba 254
Domain Trusts 258
Remote Server Management 261
10. Domain Member Servers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271
Joining a Domain 271
Domain and ADS Security Modes 273
Matching Domain Users to Local Accounts 284
Winbind 286
Additional Winbind Features 298
11. Unix Clients . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 304
The Linux CIFS Filesystem 305
FreeBSD’s smbfs 311
Mac OS X 315
smbclient 317
Remote Administration with net 326
12. Troubleshooting Samba . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 335
The Tool Box 335
Samba Logs 336
Unix Utilities 339
The Fault Tree 342
Troubleshooting Browsing 354
Troubleshooting Name Services 359
Troubleshooting Network Addresses 364
Troubleshooting NetBIOS Names 367
Extra Resources 368
Table of Contents | v
A. Summary of Samba Daemons and Commands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 371
B. Downloading Samba with Subversion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 409
C. Configure Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 411
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 419
vi | Table of Contents
Preface
1
YouarereadingabookaboutSamba,asoftwaresuitethatconnectsWindows,Unix,
and other operating systems using Windows’ native networking protocols. Samba
allows Unix servers to offer Windows networking services by matching the filesys-
tem and networking models of Unix to those of Windows. Samba acts as a bridge
between the two systems, connecting the corresponding parts of their architectures
and providing a translation wherever necessary.
Bridging the gap between systems as dissimilar as Windows and Unix is a complex
task—onethatSambahandlessurprisinglywell.TobeagoodSambaadministrator,
yourabilitiesmustparallelSamba’s.Forstarters,youneedtoknowbasicUnixsystem
and network administration and have a good understanding of Windows filesystems
andnetworkingfundamentals.Inaddition,youneedtolearnhowSambafillsinthe
“gray area” between Unix and Windows; for instance, how a Unix user relates to a
corresponding Windows account. Once you know how everything fits together,
you’ll find it easy to configure a Samba server to provide your network with reliable
and high-performance resources.
Our job is to make all of that easier for you. We do this by starting out with a
quick but comprehensive tour of Windows networking in Chapter1, followed by
task-orientedChapters2and3,whichtellyouhowtosetupaminimalSambaserver
and configure Windows clients to work with it. Most likely, you will be surprised
how quickly you can complete the required tasks.
We believe that a hands-on approach is the most effective, and you can use the cli-
ents and servers you build in Chapters 2 and 3 to test examples that we describe
throughoutthebook.Youcanjumparoundfromchaptertochapterifyoulike,but
ifyoucontinuesequentiallyfromChapter4onward,bythetimeyoufinishthebook
youwillhaveawell-configuredproductionSambaserverreadyforuse.Allyouhave
todoisaddtheappropriatesupportforyourintendedpurposeasweexplainhowto
use each feature.
vii
Audience for This Book
This book is primarily intended for Unix administrators who need to support Win-
dows clients on their network, as well as anyone who needs to access the resources
of a Windows network environment from a Unix client. Although we assume that
you are familiar with basic Unix system administration, we do not assume that you
areanetworkingexpert.Wedoourbestalongthewaytohelpoutwithunusualdef-
initions and terms.
Furthermore, we don’t assume that you are an expert in Microsoft Windows. We
carefully explain all the essential concepts related to Windows networking, and we
gothroughtheWindowssideoftheinstallationtaskinconsiderabledetail,focusing
on the current Microsoft operating system offerings. For the Unix side, we give
examples that work with common Unix operating systems, such as Linux, Solaris,
FreeBSD, and Mac OS X.
We concentrate on Samba 3.0. However, because Samba releases include a high
degree of backward compatibility with older releases, we believe you will find this
book largely applicable to other versions as well.
How This Book Is Organized
Here is a quick description of each chapter:
Chapter1,An Introduction to Samba
ProvidesanoverviewofSambaanditscapabilities,andthendescribesthemost
important concepts of NetBIOS and SMB/CIFS networking. Finally, we give
you a quick overview of the daemons and utilities that are included in the
Samba distribution.
Chapter2,Installing Samba on a Unix System
Covers both building Samba from source and using vendor-provided packages.
We discuss the pitfalls surrounding upgrading Samba from one release to the
next, as well as some basic configuration settings.
Chapter3,Configuring Windows Clients
Explains how to configure Microsoft Windows 2000 and later clients to partici-
pate in an SMB/CIFS network.
Chapter4,The Samba Configuration File
GetsyouuptospeedonthestructureoftheSambaconfigurationfileandshows
you how to take control of basic file-sharing services.
Chapter5,Accounts, Authentication, and Authorization
Gives you all the details about creating and managing users and groups in both
local files and LDAP directory services. We’ll also explain how to manage user
privilege assignments as well security options for protecting shares.
viii | Preface