Urology board review

656 Pages·2013·5.269 MB·English

by  Stephen W. Leslie

Urology
BOARD REVIEW
Fourth Edition
Stephen W. Leslie, MD, FACS
Associate Professor of Surgery and Chief, Division of Urology
Department of Surgery
Creighton University School of Medicine
Omaha, Nebraska
New York Chicago San Francisco Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City
Milan New Delhi San Juan Seoul Singapore Sydney Toronto
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DEDICATION
To Scott Plantz, MD, who decided at the last minute to give me this unique editorial
opportunity; to all of my urological colleagues who worked hard as contributing
authors to review, update, and expand their chapters and who spared me from
having to do all that work myself; to Neil Baum, MD, who was happy
to provide a useful and interesting article as an extra added “bonus”;
and to my administrative assistant, Amanda Biehle, who discovered
on her fi rst day on the job that, in addition to all of her other
responsibilities, she also had to organize and coordinate all
the chapters and contributing authors for this book.
Stephen
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CONTRIBUTORS
Himanshu Aggarwal, MD, MSc Daniel A. Barocas, MD, MPH
Resident of Urology Assistant Professor
Division of Urology Department of Urologic Surgery
Albany Medical College Vanderbilt University Medical Center
Albany, New York Nashville, Tennessee
Treatment of Locally Advanced or Recurrent Adrenal Physiology
Prostate Cancer
Neil Baum, MD
Madhu Alagiri, MD Clinical Associate Professor
Associate Professor of Surgery Department of Urology
University of California, San Diego University of Tulane Medical School
Vice Chair New Orleans, Louisiana
Department of Pediatric Urology Getting to the Top of Google in 5 Steps
Rady Children’s Hospital
San Diego, California Mark F. Bellinger, MD
Megaureter, Ectopic Ureter, and Ureterocele Emeritus Clinician
Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh
David M. Albala, MD University of Pittsburgh
Chief of Urology Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Crouse Hospital Embryology of the Genitourinary Tract
Medical Director
Associated Medical Professionals Jay Laurence Bloch, MD*
Syracuse, New York Chief
Radionuclide Studies Department of Urology
Upper Urinary Tract Obstruction Urological Specialists of Southern New Jersey
Adult Urinary Tract Infections Voorhees, New Jersey
Renovascular Hypertension
Anthony Atala, MD
Professor and Chair Emily Blum, MD
Department of Urology Resident Physician
Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center Department of Urology
Winston-Salem, North Carolina Beaumont Health System
Congenital Disorders of the Lower Urinary Tract Royal Oakland, Michigan
Bladder Cancer
Marcus W. Balters, MD
Assistant Professor of Surgery William O. Brant, MD, FACS
Department of Surgery Assistant Professor
Creighton University School of Medicine Division of Urology
Division of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery University of Utah
Creighton University Medical Center Salt Lake City, Utah
Omaha, Nebraska
Urethral Strictures
Renovascular Hypertension
*Dr. Bloch was contributing author from the previous edition of the work.
ix
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x Contributors
Benjamin N. Breyer, MD, MAS David A. Diamond, MD
Assistant Professor Professor of Surgery (Urology)
Department of Urology Harvard Medical School
University of California, San Francisco Urologist-in-Chief
San Francisco, California Boston Children’s Hospital
Urethral Lesions Boston, Massachusetts
Disorders of Sexual Development
Thomas Chi, MD
Clinical Instructor Kevin M. Feber, MD, FAAP
Department of Urology Associate Professor of Urology
University of California, San Francisco Department of Urology
San Francisco, California Oakland University
Genitourinary Tuberculosis William Beaumont School of Medicine
Beaumont Health System
Bilal Chughtai, MD Royal Oakland, Michigan
Assistant Professor Congenital Disorders of the Upper Tracts
Department of Urology
Weill Cornell Medical Center Fernando A. Ferrer, MD, FAAP, FACS
New York, New York Vice Chairman
Surgical Anatomy of the Pelvis Department of Surgery
Associate Professor
Christopher L. Coogan, MD, FACS Surgery (Urology) and Pediatrics (Oncology)
Professor of Urology University of Connecticut School of Medicine
Department of Urology Farmington, Connecticut
Rush University Medical Center Executive Vice President, Medical Affairs
Chicago, Illinois Surgeon-in-Chief
Director Division Pediatric Urology
Urinary Diversion and Undiversion
Connecticut Children’s Medical Center
Paul L. Crispen, MD Hartford, Connecticut
Assistant Professor Urological Emergencies in the Newborn
Department of Urology Pediatric Oncology
University of Florida
Gainesville, Florida Andrew I. Fishman, MD
Attending
Adrenal Tumors
Department of Urology
Renal Tumors, Adults
New York Medical College
James M. Cummings, MD Valhalla, New York
Professor Renal/Ureteral Stone Surgery
Department of Surgery
University of Missouri School of Medicine Matthew T. Gettman, MD
Columbia, Missouri Professor of Urology
Department of Urology
Genitourinary Trauma
Mayo Clinic
John W. Davis, MD Rochester, Minnesota
Assistant Professor of Urology Adrenal Tumors
The M.D. Anderson Cancer Center Renal Tumors, Adults
The University of Texas
Houston, Texas
Penile Cancer
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Contributors xi
Cameron Ghaffary, BS Graham F. Greene, MD, FACS
Medical Student, Class of 2014 Chief Medical Officer
Division of Urology Director Urologic Oncology
Creighton University School of Medicine Lakeland Regional Health System
Omaha, Nebraska Lakeland, Florida
Surgical Anatomy of the Pelvis Retroperitoneal Anatomy
Reza Ghavamian, MD A. Ari Hakimi, MD
Professor and Chairman Urologic Oncology Fellow
Department of Urology Department of Surgery, Urology Service
Montefiore Medical Center Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center
Albert Einstein College of Medicine New York, New York
Bronx, New York Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Adenocarcinoma
Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Adenocarcinoma of the Bladder
of the Bladder
J. Nathaniel Hamilton, MD
Gamal M. Ghoniem, MD, FACS Affiliate Instructor
Professor and Vice Chairman Department of Surgery
Department of Urology Brody School of Medicine
University of California East Carolina University
Orange, California Greenville, North Carolina
Urodynamics Interstitial Cystitis and Other Inflammatory Conditions
of the Lower Urinary Tract
Leonard Glickman, MD
House Staff Physician Brian J. Hamm, MD
Department of Urology Chief Radiology Resident
Lenox Hill Hospital Department of Radiology
New York, New York Creighton University Medical Center
Neurogenic Voiding Dysfunction Omaha, Nebraska
Uroradiology
Marc Goldstein, MD, DSc (Hon), FACS Radiology: CT/Ultrasound/MRI
Matthew P. Hardy Distinguished Professor of
Reproductive Medicine and Urology Sang Won Han, MD, PhD
Surgeon-in-Chief Professor and Chairman
Male Reproductive Medicine and Microsurgery Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology
New York Presbyterian Hospital–Weill Cornell Yonsei University College of Medicine/Severance Hospital
Medical College Seoul, Korea
New York, New York Enuresis
Male Infertility
Miriam Harel, MD
Michael Grasso III, MD Pediatric Urology Fellow
Professor and Vice Chairman Division of Urology
Department of Urology Connecticut Children’s Medical Center
New York Medical College University of Connecticut School of Medicine
Valhalla, New York Hartford, Connecticut
Renal/Ureteral Stone Surgery Urological Emergencies in the Newborn
Pediatric Oncology
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xii Contributors
George P. Hemstreet III, MD, PhD Forrest Jellison, MD
Chief of Urology Clinical Instructor Fellow
Veterans Administration Hospital Department of Urology
Consult in Urology David Geffen School of Medicine
Creighton University University of California, Los Angeles
University of Nebraska Medical Center Los Angeles, California
Children’s Hospital Female Incontinence and Vesicovaginal Fistula
Omaha, Nebraska
Diagnosis and Staging of Prostate Cancer Justin D. Johnson, MD
Surgical Therapy for Prostate Cancer Resident Physician
Department of Surgery
Michael P. Hoeh, MD Section of Urology
Resident Physician University of Nebraska Medical Center
Department of Urology Omaha, Nebraska
Rush University Hospital Laparoscopic and Robotic Urologic Surgery
Chicago, Illinois
Urinary Diversion and Undiversion Kelly C. Johnson, MD
Clinical Instructor
Johann P. Ingimarsson, MD Department of Urology
Urology Resident Medical University of South Carolina
Department of Surgery, Section of Urology Charleston, South Carolina
Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center Interstitial Cystitis and Other Inflammatory Conditions
Lebanon, New Hampshire of the Lower Urinary Tract
Testicular and Paratesticular Tumors
Evan J. Kass, MD, FACS, FAAP
Sudhir Isharwal, MD Professor of Urology
Department of Urology Oakland University
University of Nebraska Medical Center William Beaumont School of Medicine
Omaha, Nebraska Beaumont Health System
Diagnosis and Staging of Prostate Cancer Chief, Division of Pediatric Urology
Surgical Therapy for Prostate Cancer Beaumont Children’s Hospital
Royal Oakland, Michigan
Jonathan I. Izawa, MD, FRCSC Congenital Disorders of the Upper Tracts
Associate Professor
Departments of Surgery, Oncology and Pathology Howard H. Kim, MD
Divisions of Urology and Surgical Oncology Director, Male Reproductive Medicine and Microsurgery
Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry Cedars-Sinai Medical Center
Western University Los Angeles, California
Victoria, London Male Infertility
Surgical Anatomy of the Pelvis
Ja-Hong Kim, MD
Thomas W. Jarrett, MD Assistant Professor
Professor and Chairman Department of Urology
Department of Urology David Geffen School of Medicine
George Washington University University of California, Los Angeles
School of Medicine Los Angeles, California
Washington, District of Columbia Female Incontinence and Vesicovaginal Fistula
TCC of the Upper Urinary Tracts
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