Urban biodiversity and design

634 Pages·2010·37.004 MB·English

by  Norbert Müller, Peter Werner, John G Kelcey, Zoological Society of London

Urban Biodiversity and Design
Urban Biodiversity and Design Edited by Norbert Müller, Peter Werner and John G. Kelcey
© 2010 Blackwell Publishing Ltd. ISBN: 978-1-444-33266-7
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Conservation Science and Practice Series
Urban Biodiversity and Design
Edited by
NorbertMu¨ller,PeterWerner&JohnG.Kelcey
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LibraryofCongressCataloguing-in-PublicationData
Urbanbiodiversityanddesign/editedbyNorbertMu¨ller,PeterWerner&JohnG.Kelcey.
p.cm.–(Conservationscienceandpracticeseries)
Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.
ISBN978-1-4443-3266-7(hardcover:alk.paper)–ISBN978-1-4443-3267-4(pbk.:alk.paper)
1.Urbanecology(Biology) 2.Biodiversity. I.Mu¨ller,Norbert. II.Werner,Peter.
III.Kelcey,JohnG.
QH541.5.C6U632010
577.5(cid:2)6–dc22
2009041247
AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary.
Setin10.5on12.5ptMinionbyLaserwordsPrivateLimited,Chennai,India
PrintedandboundinMalaysia
1 2010
Thisbookisbasedontheinternationalconference‘‘UrbanBiodiversityandDesign–
ImplementingtheConventiononBiologicalDiversityintownsandcities’’from21to24May
2008inErfurt(Germany).Theconferenceandthebookwerepreparedwithinaresearchproject
attheUniversityofAppliedSciencesErfurt(conductorNorbertMu¨ller)supportedbythe
GermanFederalAgencyforNatureConservation(advisorTorstenWilke)withfundsfromthe
GermanFederalMinistryfortheEnvironment,NatureConservationandNuclearSafety
(Duration2006-2009,FKZ80680220).
Contents
Contributors ix
Foreword xv
Preface xvii
Introduction 1
1 UrbanBiodiversityandtheCaseforImplementingtheConvention
onBiologicalDiversityinTownsandCities 3
NorbertMu¨llerandPeterWerner
FundamentalsofUrbanBiodiversity 35
2 BiodiversityofUrban-IndustrialAreasanditsEvaluation–a
CriticalReview 37
Ru¨digerWittig
3 CulturalAspectsofUrbanBiodiversity 56
AndyMillard
4 SocialAspectsofUrbanBiodiversity–anOverview 81
SarelCilliers
5 UrbanBiodiversityandClimateChange 101
DavidJ.Nowak
6 DesignandFutureofUrbanBiodiversity 118
MariaIgnatieva
7 UrbanPatternsandBiologicalDiversity:AReview 145
PeterWernerandRudolfZahner
Contents
vi
HistoryandDevelopmentofUrbanBiodiversity 175
8 UrbanFlora:Historic,ContemporaryandFutureTrends 177
PhilipJames
9 EnvironmentalHistoryandUrbanColonizations fromanAvian
Perspective 191
TimoVuorisalo
10 ConstraintsofUrbanizationonVegetationDynamicsina
GrowingCity:AChronologicalFrameworkinRennes(France) 206
VincentPellissier,Fran¸coiseRozeandPhillipeClergeau
11 MostFrequentlyOccurringVascularPlantsandtheRoleof
Non-native Species in Urban Areas – a Comparison of Selected
CitiesintheOldandtheNewWorlds 227
NorbertMu¨ller
12 FactorsInfluencingNon-NativeTreeSpeciesDistribution
inUrbanLandscapes 243
WayneC.Zipperer
AnalysisandEvaluationofBiodiversityinCities 253
13 Towards an Automated Update of Urban Biotope Maps Using
RemoteSensingData:WhatisPossible? 255
MathiasBochow,TheresPeisker,SigridRoessner,KarlSegl
andHermannKaufmann
14 Analysis of the Planted and Spontaneous Vegetation at Selected
OpenSpacesinApipucosDistrictofRecife,Brazil 273
DietmarSattler,SimoneSchmidt
andMarccusViniciusdaSilvaAlves
15 MultivariateApproaches totheStudy of UrbanBiodiversity and
Vegetation: An Example from a Southern Temperate Colonial
City,Christchurch,NewZealand 291
GlennH.Stewart,MariaIgnatievaandColinD.Meurk
16 The Biodiversity of Historic Domestic Gardens – A Study in the
WilhelminianQuarterofErfurt(Germany) 309
NorbertMu¨ller
Contents
vii
17 OldMasonryWallsasRuderalHabitatsforBiodiversity
ConservationandEnhancementinUrbanHongKong 323
C.Y.Jim
18 GreenRoofs–UrbanHabitatsforGround-NestingBirds
andPlants 348
NathalieBaumannandFriederikeKasten
19 South Atlantic Tourist Resorts: Predictors for Changes Induced
byAfforestation 363
AnaFaggi,PabloPerepelizinandJoseR.Dadon
SocialIntegrationandEducationforBiodiversity 381
20 UrbanGreenSpaces:NaturalandAccessible?TheCaseofGreater
Manchester,UK 383
AleksandraKa´zmierczak,RichardArmitageandPhilipJames
21 UrbanWastelands–AChanceforBiodiversityinCities?Ecological
Aspects, Social Perceptions and Acceptance of Wilderness by
Residents 406
JulianeMatheyandDieterRink
22 PerceptionofBiodiversity–TheImpactofSchoolGardening 425
DorotheeBenkowitzandKarlheinzKo¨hler
23 Landscape Design and Children’s Participation in a Japanese
PrimarySchool–PlanningProcessofSchoolBiotopefor5Years 441
KeitaroIto,IngunnFjortoft,TohruManabe,KentaroMasuda,
MahitoKamadaandKatsunoriFujiwara
24 AttractingInterestinUrbanBiodiversitywithBirdStudiesinItaly 454
MarcoDinetti
25 AllotmentGardensasPartofUrbanGreenInfrastructure:Actual
TrendsandPerspectivesinCentralEurope 463
Ju¨rgenH.Breuste
Conservation,RestorationandDesignforBiodiversity 477
26 IntegrationofNaturalVegetationinUrbanDesign–Information,
PersonalDeterminationandCommitment 479
ClasFlorga˚rd
Contents
viii
27 Prospects of Biodiversity in the Mega-City of Karachi, Pakistan:
Potentials,ConstraintsandImplications 497
SalmanQureshiandJu¨rgenH.Breuste
28 PotentialofBiodiversityandRecreationinShrinkingCities:
ContextualizationandOperationalization 518
DagmarHaaseandSophieSchetke
29 Near-NaturalRestorationStrategiesinPost-miningLandscapes 539
AnitaKirmerandSabineTischew
30 Restoration and Design of Calcareous Grasslands in Urban and
SuburbanAreas:ExamplesfromtheMunichPlain 556
ChristineJoas,JohannesGna¨dinger,KlausWiesinger,Ru¨digerHaase
andKathrinKiehl
31 ContributionofLandscapeDesigntoChangingUrban
ClimateConditions 572
KatrinHagenandRichardStiles
32 EconomicsandtheConventiononBiodiversity:Financial
IncentivesforEncouragingBiodiversityinNagoya 593
RyoKohsaka
Conclusions 608
NorbertMu¨ller,PeterWernerandJohnG.Kelcey
Index 611
Contributors
Richard Armitage University of Salford, School of Environment and Life
Sciences,PeelBuilding,TheCrescent,Salford,M54WT,UnitedKingdom.
[email protected]
NathalieBaumannZHAWZurichUniversityofAppliedSciences,Instituteof
NaturalResourceSciences,CampusGru¨ental,P.O.Box,8820Wa¨denswil,
[email protected]
Dorothee Benkowitz University of Education, Bismarckstr. 10, 76133
Karlsruhe,[email protected]
MathiasBochowHelmholtzCentre Potsdam - GFZ German Research Cen-
tre for Geosciences, Section 1.4 Remote Sensing, Telegrafenberg, 14473
Potsdam,[email protected]
Ju¨rgenH.BreusteUrbanandLandscapeEcology,DepartmentofGeography
andGeology,UniversitySalzburg,Hellbrunnerstrasse34,A-5020Salzburg,
[email protected]
Sarel Cilliers School of Environmental Sciences and Development, North-
West University, Hoffmann Street, Private Bag x1006, Potchefstroom,
[email protected]
Phillipe Clergeau National Museum of Natural History, 55 rue de Buffon,
CP5175005Paris,[email protected]
Jose´R.DadonCONICET,FacultaddeCienciasExactasyNaturalesyFacultad
de Arquitectura, Disen˜o y Urbanismo, Universidad de Buenos Aires,
[email protected]
Marco Dinetti Ecologia Urbana, Viale Petrarca 103, 57124 Livorno, Italy.
[email protected]
Ana Faggi CONICET, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales, A.Gallardo
470,BuenosAires,[email protected]
Ingunn Fjortoft Telemark University College, 3679 Notodden, Norway.
[email protected]
Contributors
x
Clas Florga˚rd Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of
UrbanandRuralDevelopment,UnitofLandscapeArchitecture,Box7012,
SE-75007Uppsala,Sweden.clas.fl[email protected]
Katsunori Fujiwara Kyoto University, Yoshida-honmachi Sakyo-ku Kyoto,
Japan
Johannes Gna¨dinger LAB Dr. Gna¨dinger, Landscape Ecology and
Landscape Architecture, Bahnhofstraße 16 a, 85354 Freising, Germany.
[email protected]
DagmarHaaseHelmholtzCentreforEnvironmentalResearch–UFZ,Depart-
mentofComputationalLandscapeEcology,Permoserstr.15,04318Leipzig,
[email protected]
Ru¨digerHaase Haase& So¨hmisch, LandscapeArchitecture, Angerbrunnen-
straße10,85356Freising,Germany
KatrinHagenViennaUniversityofTechnology,Operngasse11,1040Vienna,
[email protected]
MariaIgnatieva SchoolofLandscapeArchitecture, FacultyofEnvironment,
Society & Design, Lincoln University, PO Box 84, Canterbury, Aotearoa,
[email protected]
KeitaroIto Kyushu Institute of Technology, 1-1 Sensui Tobata Kitakyushu,
[email protected]
Philip James Urban Nature, Research Institute for the Built and Human
Environment, School of Environment and Life Sciences, University of
Salford,PeelBuilding,TheCrescent,Salford,M54WT,UnitedKingdom.
[email protected]
C.Y.JimDepartmentofGeography,TheUniversityofHongKong,Pokfulam
Road,[email protected]
Christine Joas Heidefla¨chenverein Mu¨nchener Norden e. V., Bezirksstraße
27,85716Unterschleißheim,Germany.info@heideflaechenverein.de
MahitoKamadaTokushimaUniversity,2-1Minami-Josanjima,Tokushima,
[email protected]
FriederikeKastenZHAWZurichUniversityofAppliedSciences,Instituteof
NaturalResourceSciences,CampusGru¨ental,P.O.Box,8820Wa¨denswil,
[email protected]
Hermann Kaufmann Helmholtz Centre Potsdam - GFZ German Research
CentreforGeosciences,Section1.4RemoteSensing,Telegrafenberg,14473
Potsdam,[email protected]