Table Of ContentUrban Analytics with
Social Media Data
The use of data science and urban analytics has become a defining feature of
smart cities. This timely book is a clear guide to the use of social media data
for urban analytics.
The book presents the foundations of urban analytics with social media
data, along with real-world applications and insights on the platforms we
use today. It looks at social media analytics platforms, cyberphysical data
analytics platforms, crowd detection platforms, City-as-a-Platform, and city-
as-a-sensor for platform urbanism. The book provides examples to illustrate
how we apply and analyse social media data to determine disaster severity,
assist authorities with pandemic policy, and capture public perception of
smart cities.
This will be a useful reference for those involved with and researching
social, data, and urban analytics and informatics.
Urban Analytics with
Social Media Data
Foundations, Applications
and Platforms
Tan Yigitcanlar and Nayomi Kankanamge
First edition published 2023
by CRC Press
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and by CRC Press
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© 2023 Tan Yigitcanlar and Nayomi Kankanamge
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Yigitcanlar, Tan, author. | Kankanamge, Nayomi, author. Title: Urban
analytics with social media data : foundations, applications and platforms /
Tan Yigitcanlar and Nayomi Kankanamge. Description: First edition. | Boca Raton :
CRC Press, 2022. | Includes bibliographical references and index. | Summary: “The
use of data science and urban analytics has become a defining feature of smart cities.
This timely book is a clear guide to the use of social media data for urban analytics.
The book presents the foundations of urban analytics with social media data, along
with real world applications and insights on the platforms we use today. It looks
at social media analytics platforms, cyberphysical data analytics platforms, crowd
detection platforms, city as a platform and city as a sensor for platform urbanism.
The title provides examples to illustrate how we apply and analyse social media data
to determine disaster severity, assist authorities with pandemic policy and capture
public perceptions on smart cities. This will be a useful reference for those involved
with and researching social, data and urban analytics and informatics”-- Provided by
publisher. Identifiers: LCCN 2021060849 | ISBN 9781032244976 (hardback) |
ISBN 9781032244952 (paperback) | ISBN 9781003278986 (ebook)
Subjects: LCSH: Smart cities. | City planning--Data processing. |
Web usage mining. | Big data. Classification: LCC HT165.5 .Y54 2022 |
DDC 307.1/216--dc23/eng/20220103 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2021060849
ISBN: 9781032244976 (hbk)
ISBN: 9781032244952 (pbk)
ISBN: 9781003278986 (ebk)
DOI: 10.1201/9781003278986
Typeset in Palatino
by KnowledgeWorks Global Ltd.
This book is dedicated to our beloved,
beautiful, and brilliant family members:
Susan, Ela, Selin
&
Indu, Lakshan
Contents
List of Figures ......................................................................................................xiv
List of Tables ........................................................................................................xix
Foreword ............................................................................................................xxiii
Preface ..................................................................................................................xxv
Authors ..............................................................................................................xxvii
Part I Foundations
1. Urban Big Data and Social Media Analytics ............................................3
1.1 Introduction ...........................................................................................3
1.2 Literature Background .........................................................................4
1.2.1 Big Data Analytics ...................................................................4
1.2.2 Social Media Data Analytics ..................................................5
1.2.3 Urban Analytics .......................................................................5
1.3 Methods ..................................................................................................6
1.4 Results .....................................................................................................9
1.4.1 General Observations ..............................................................9
1.4.2 State-of-the-Art Technologies in Relevance to
Application Areas ..................................................................10
1.4.2.1 Big Data Analytics ..................................................10
1.4.2.2 Social Media Analytics ..........................................11
1.4.2.3 Urban Analytics ......................................................12
1.4.3 Opportunities and Constraints............................................13
1.4.3.1 Big Data Analytics ..................................................14
1.4.3.2 Social Media Analytics ..........................................15
1.4.3.3 Urban Analytics ......................................................15
1.5 Discussion ............................................................................................16
1.6 Conclusion ............................................................................................19
Appendix.........................................................................................................20
References .......................................................................................................46
2. Volunteer Crowdsourcing and Social Media .........................................51
2.1 Introduction .........................................................................................51
2.2 Literature Background .......................................................................53
2.2.1 Instruments of Disaster Risk Reduction ............................53
2.2.2 Characteristics of Volunteer Crowdsourcing.....................54
2.3 Methodology ........................................................................................56
vii
viii Contents
2.4 Results ...................................................................................................58
2.4.1 General Observations ............................................................58
2.4.2 Technologies for Volunteer Crowdsourcing ......................59
2.4.2.1 Geo-technology ......................................................59
2.4.2.2 Mobile Communication .........................................63
2.4.2.3 Digital Crisis Information .....................................66
2.4.2.4 Digital Volunteerism ..............................................68
2.4.3 Attributes of Volunteer Crowdsourcing .............................70
2.4.3.1 Multidirectional Communication ........................70
2.4.3.2 Situation Awareness ..............................................71
2.4.3.3 Collective Intelligence............................................72
2.5 Discussion and Conclusion ...............................................................74
References .......................................................................................................76
3. Government Social Media Channels .......................................................83
3.1 Introduction .........................................................................................83
3.2 Literature Background .......................................................................84
3.2.1 Community Engagement in Disaster Management
at Large ....................................................................................84
3.2.2 Community Engagement in Disaster Management
via Social Media .....................................................................86
3.3 Methodology ........................................................................................88
3.3.1 Selection of Official Social Media Pages .............................88
3.3.2 Measuring Level of Community Engagement ..................89
3.3.2.1 Indices ......................................................................89
3.3.2.2 Community Engagement by the Types of
Social Media Posts ..................................................90
3.3.2.3 Community Engagement by the Social
Media Content ........................................................91
3.4 Results ...................................................................................................92
3.4.1 General Observations ............................................................92
3.4.2 Community Engagement by the Types of Social
Media Posts .............................................................................93
3.4.3 Community Engagement by the Social Media
Content ....................................................................................95
3.4.4 Social Media Content and Their Contribution to
Managing Disasters ...............................................................98
3.5 Discussion ..........................................................................................100
3.5.1 How Effectively Do People Engage in Social Media
in Relation to Disaster Management? ...............................100
3.5.2 How Does Social Media Contribute to Disaster
Management? .......................................................................101
3.6 Conclusion ..........................................................................................102
References .....................................................................................................103
Contents ix
Part II Applications
4. Social Media Analytics in Disaster Policy ............................................111
4.1 Introduction .......................................................................................111
4.2 Literature Review ..............................................................................112
4.2.1 Existing Technologies in Disaster Management .............112
4.2.2 Social Media as a New Technology for Disaster
Management .........................................................................114
4.3 Case Study ..........................................................................................116
4.3.1 Methodology ........................................................................118
4.3.2 Data and Tools ......................................................................118
4.3.3 Descriptive Analysis............................................................120
4.3.4 Content Analysis ..................................................................120
4.3.5 Spatial Analysis ....................................................................121
4.4 Results .................................................................................................122
4.4.1 Descriptive Analysis............................................................122
4.4.1.1 Twitter Statistics ...................................................122
4.4.1.2 User Analysis ........................................................122
4.4.1.3 URL Analysis ........................................................123
4.4.2 Content Analysis ..................................................................123
4.4.3 Spatial Analysis ....................................................................129
4.5 Discussion ..........................................................................................132
4.5.1 Ways That Social Media Can Be Utilised for
Better Managing Disaster Stages .......................................132
4.5.2 Myths and Facts About Using Social Media Data
for Disaster Management ...................................................133
4.6 Conclusion ..........................................................................................135
References .....................................................................................................136
5. Social Media Analytics in Pandemic Policy .........................................143
5.1 Introduction .......................................................................................143
5.2 Literature Background .....................................................................144
5.2.1 Epidemic and Pandemic .....................................................144
5.2.2 Stages of a Pandemic Spread ..............................................145
5.2.2.1 Pre-concave ...........................................................145
5.2.2.2 Concave-Up ...........................................................145
5.2.2.3 Linear .....................................................................145
5.2.2.4 Concave-Down .....................................................146
5.2.3 Global Suppression Measures ............................................146
5.2.3.1 Flattening the Curve ............................................146
5.2.3.2 Hammer and Dance .............................................147
5.2.4 Social Media Analytics .......................................................148
5.3 Research Design ................................................................................149
5.3.1 Case Study ............................................................................149
