Table Of ContentLearn how to: ...
Add
disk. ..........
.,.,,
Upgrade to
Power Mac
Add multimedia
peripherals
Troubleshoot
problems
And much more!
Upgrading and Repairing Macs
Copyright© 1994 by Que® Corporation
All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of /\merica. No part of this book may be
used or reproduced in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval
system, without prior written permission of the publisher except in the case of brief quo
tations embodied in critical articles and reviews. Making copies of any part of this book
for any purpose other than your own personal use is a violation of United States copy
right laws. For information, address Que Corporation, 201 W. 103rd St., Indianapolis, TN
46290-1097.
Library of Congress Catalog No.: 94-67038
ISBN: 0-88022-960-8
This book is sold as is, without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied, re
specting the contents of this book, including but not limited to implied warranties for
the book's quality, performance, merchantability, or fitness for any particular purpose.
Neither Que Corporation nor its dealers or distributors shall be liable to the purchaser or
any other person or entity with respect to any liability, loss, or damage caused or alleged
to be caused directly or indirectly by this book.
97 96 95 94 4 3 2
Interpretation of the printing code: the rightmost double-digit number is the year of the
book's printing; the rightmost single-digit number, the number of the book's printing.
For example, a printing code of 94-l shows that the first printing of the book occurred in
1994.
Publisher: David P. Ewing
Associate Publisher: Corinne Walls
Publishing Director: Lisa A. Bucki
Managing Editor: Anne Owen
Product Marketing Manager: Greg Wiegand
Credits
Publishing Manager Production Team
Thomas H. Bennett Stephen Adams
Angela Bannan
Acquisitions Editor
Stephen Carlin
Nancy Stevenson
Anne Dickerson
Maxine Dillingham
Product Director
Chad Dressler
Steven M. Schafer
DiMonique Ford
Production Editor Aren Howell
Bob LaRoche
Danielle Bird
Beth Lewis
Editors Stephanie Mineart
Elsa Bethanis Wendy Ott
Patrick Kanouse Nanci Sears Perry
Heather Kaufman Beth Rago
Maureen Schneeberger Kaylene Riemen
Pamela Wampler Caroline Roop
Clair Schweinler
Technical Editors Michael Thomas
Tina Trettin
joe Cunningham
Angie Ward
Chip Moody
Donna Winter
Book Designer Lillian Yates
Amy Peppier-Adams
Indexer
Cover Designer Rebecca Mayfield
Dan Armstrong
Editorial Assistants
Technical Assistance Theresa Mathias
Meb Boden Ruth Slates
Composed in Stone Serif and MCPdigital
by Que Corporation
About the Authors
Steve Uirchall has divided his time between music and technology throughout his life.
He studied composition with Burrill Phillips, jeno Takacs, and john Cage and taught
music at several small colleges. He has written two symphonies, concertos for various
instruments, and much chamber music. After completing a Doctor of Musical Arts de
gree in composition at the University of Cincinnati (with previous study at the Eastman
School of Music and DePauw University), he became active in analog electronic music
and multimedia productions. In the mid-1970s, before sampling and hard disk-based
recording, he wrote a series or compositions (Frogdt-en/1/S, Souvenirs from Spain, and Post
cards (ro111 Nova Scotia) using recorded sounds altered electronically and mixed with
purely electronic sounds. Later, he worked in audio retailing and management. After
that, he turned to magazine publishing and editing, serving as Assistant Editor at The
A11dio A111nteur and Speaker 811ilder, Technical Editor of So(tSirle and Editor-in-Chief of
Disital Audio. As a founding partner of Hottwitz & Associates, he works extensively
in the Macintosh industry, and was involved in the launch of MncUser and the
MacWnrel10use Catalog. l-Ie served as Secretary of the Boston Section of the Audio
Engineering Society for four years, and was Chairman during 1993-1994.
Shelly Urisbin is an Associate Editor at MncUser Magazine. Her areas of interest in
clude: networking, telecommunications, the Internet and general Macintosh hardware.
Brisbin has worked as a journalist, Macintosh consultant and system administrator since
earning his Bachelor of journalism from the University of Texas at Austin in 1984. She
is the author of more than 100 articles on the Mac, Unix systems and supercomputers.
J•cter J. Durso has been writing about mainframe and personal computers for users
since 1983. He worked for a major telecommunications company in the Northeast for 22
years, until late 1993. A Mac maven, a DOS/Winclows capable artist/techie, he now re
sides in Wilmington, NC, with his wife and two daughters, where he plays great electric
blues guitar whenever he can.
Mike Kent is a computer consultant and former Macintosh systems leader at major
Indiana newspapers. He has extensive experience in the publishing industry and has
worked with publishers in the United States and Europe as a systems designer and
trainer. He has written numerous articles for industry publications and currently works
for The Indianapolis Star.
Darien Kruss began mastering the technology of computers since 1981, when he pur
chased his first Apple. Since the introduction of the Lisa in 1983, he kept pace with the
entire line of Macintosh computers to become a recognized "guru" of the trade. His
talents in course development, consulting, training, anti an understanding of the
prepress environment are currently utilized by the vVace Resource Center in Chicago, IL.
In his continuing pursuit of cutting-edge technologies, Darien is becoming more in
volved in three-dimensional modeling, rendering, animation, and digital video projects.
He has created several multimedia presentations for corporate use, and an interactive
training program utilizing text, graphic, audio and video components.
Darien is an active participant in several forums on CompuServe (76344, 1352) and
America Online (Darien M).
Jack McShea is a Macintosh developer, consultant and trainer whose firm, CINNABAI{
Macintosh, specializes in original Macintosh programming, hardware and software
projects in networking and communications, and information systems based on the
popular Macintosh and cross-platform databases.
His interests in Macintosh go back to the days of the Macintosh Plus when he discovered
that computers could be useful n11d interesting, and that a user-interface mattered. He
remembers version 6.0.5 of the operating system as his favorite, when opening the case
of a compact Mac was almost taboo, when SE/30s were roughly the cost of a new car
(and offered all the performance any reasonable person could ask for), and when having
lOMB in your Mac naturally referred to your hard drive and not your RAM.
In addition, Mr. McShea consults and works as a trainer in !v1acintosh troubleshooting
and configuration for large corporations, the government and the military. He is a certi
fied instructor for Learning Tree International in Macintosh and telecommunications, a
member of the Apple Solution Providers Network (ASPN) and still aclive in his local Us
ers' group. He resides in Livingston, MT with his family.
Tom Negriuo is a writer and Macintosh consultant, who has worked with the Macin
tosh since its introduction in 1984. He is a Contributing Editor to Mocworld magazine,
and he holds the same position at Digitnl Video magazine. He has also written for the late
i\lfacG11ide and MacCOIIIfJIIting magazines. l-Ies served as both moderator and panelist on
the conference faculty at the Macworld Exposition trade shows in San Francisco and
Boston. Mr. Negrino has been a member of the Los Angeles i'v1acintosh Groups Board
of Directors for the past several years.
Prior to 1984, he worked in the film business as a videotape editor and production coor
dinator for industrial films, music videos, ancl commercials. He currently lives in the Los
Angeles area with his wife.
Jeff Roback has been using the Macintosh since its release in 1984. He currently runs
Praxis Computing, a Macintosh consulting company specializing in database develop
ment. jeff welcomes your comments via CompuServe: 72615,10 I, American On l.ine:
PRAXCOMP, or AppleLink: PRAXIS.DEV.
Peter Stoller is a Los Angeles based Macintosh consultant and service technician, and
is well known as a consultant to America Online's Macintosh Operating Systems forum.
Also a professional songwriter ancl musician, he was introduced to the Macintosh
through MIDI sequencing, ancl has never looked back. He would love to be able to just
do Mac work, but he has to stick with music for the stability and steady income.
Special Credit
Que wishes to thank the fa/lowing for their contribution to this book:
Meb Boden; Apple Computer, Inc. Carrie Berman at Apple Computer, Inc.; Christopher
Rose; Bob Blechinger; Steve Knouse; Abbate Video, Inc.; Adobe; Advanced Gravis Com
puter Technology; Aldus; Altec Lansing Multimedia; Altra; Anthro Corporation; Apple
Computer, Inc.; APS Technologies; Arboretum Systems; Avid Technology; Boston Acous
tics; Brady Publishing; Caere; Canon USA; CaSa; CODA Music Technology; Communica
tions Intelligence; CoStar; Curtis Manufacturing; Data Translation; DayStar Digital;
Digidesign; Digital Vision; Don Johnston, Inc.; Dr. T's Music Software; Dycam, Inc.;
Eastman Kodak; Electronic Arts; Elographics; Farallon Computing, Inc.; FWB, Inc.; Glo
bal Village Communications; Golin/Harris Communications, Inc.; Hewlett-Packard Co.;
IBVA Technologies; Infogrip, Inc.; ]abra; Ken Grey; Kensington Microware, Ltd.; Lexicon;
LightSource; Linotype-Hell Co.; Logitech; Macromedia; Mannesmann Tally Corporation;
Mark of the Unicorn; Mass Microsystems; McLean PR; Medior; MicroNet Technology;
Micropolis; MicroQue; Microtek; MicroTouch Systems; National Instruments; Nikon
Eiectronic Imaging Dept.; Nova Development Corporation; Opcode Systems; Optronics;
OSC; Passport Designs; PG Music; Phillips Brilliance, Makovsky Co.; PLI; Prentke Romich;
Prometheus; QMS; Radius Inc.; RasterOps; Relax TechnoiO!,ry, Granite Digital; ScanCo;
Seagate Technologies; Seiko Instruments USA; Sigma MultiMocle; Sonic Solutions; Spectra
Group Limited; Spectral Innovations; Steinberg; Summagraphics; SuperMac Technology;
Synex; Thunderware; Tiger Software; TPS Electronics; Truevision; UMAX Technologies;
VideoFusion; VideoLabs; Videx; VPL Research; Wacom Technology; Xerox Imaging Sys
tems.
Trademarks
All terms mentioned in this book that are known to be trademarks or service marks have
been appropriately capitalized. Que cannot attest to the accuracy of this information.
Use of a term in this book should not be regarded as affecting the validity of any trade
mark or service mark.
Contents at a Glance
Introduction Fact Base: Networks and
Fact Base: Macintosh Computers Communications 333
k System Software 5 14 NuBus and PDS Slots 335
1 Macs of the Past 7 15 Modems 341
2 Macs of Today 59 16 File Servers 355
3 Macs of the Future 109 17 LocalTalk and Ethernet
4 Overview of System Software 115 Networks 361
18 Connecting to UNIX and
Other Operating Systems 381
19 Network Administration
and Security 389
Fact Base: Peripherals 139 Upgrades
5 Connecting Peripherals 141 20 Duy New or Major Upgrade 399
6 Keyboards, Mice and Other 2L Measuring Performance 439
Input Devices 157 22 RAM: The First Thing To Add 485
7 Monitors 191 23 PowerPC Upgrades 543
8 Hard Disks 213 24 Video Upgrades 553
9 Printers 227 25 Adding Accelerator Cards 597
10 Removable Media 263 26 Adding Internal Disk Drives 617
11 Scanners and Electronic 27 Sound and Music 625
Cameras 277 28 Muitiplatform Operation 653
12 Multimedia Equipment 305 29 Software Upgrades 663
13 Voice Recognition Devices
and AVMacs 323
Preventive Maintenance 671 Appendixes 905
30 Preventive Maintenance A Error Codes and Common
Philosophy and Practice 673 Viruses 905
31 Hard Drive Backup and B Apple Parts and Upgrades 945
Optimization 693 Index 957
32 Virus Detection and
Prevention 709
Troubleshooting & Repairing
33 Problem Isolation
34 Hardware Troubleshooting 729
35 Printing Pwblems 743
36 Hard Disk Problems 769
37 Floppy Drive Problems 789
38 SCSI Problems 797
39 Monitor Problems 807
40 Keyboard and Mouse Problems 827
41 Software Troubleshooting 837
42 System 7 Problems 849
43 System 6 Problems 861
44 Startup Sequence Problems 871
Contents
Introduction 1
I Fact Base: Macintosh Computers &
System Software 5
1 Macs of the Past 7
XL .................................................................................................................... 7
Overview .................................................................................................. 7
Internal Systems ...................................................................................... 8
External/Storage Systems ........................................................................ 8
128K and 512K ................................................................................................ 8
Overview ................................................................................................ 10
Internal Systems .................................................................................... 10
External/Storage Systems ...................................................................... 10
512Ke ............................................................................................................. 10
Overview ................................................................................................ 11
Internal Systems .................................................................................... 11
External/Storage Systems ...................................................................... 12
Plus ................................................................................................................ 12
Overview ................................................................................................ 12
Internal Systems .................................................................................... 13
h ternal/Storage Systems ...................................................................... 13
SE ................................................................................................................... 13
Overview ................................................................................................ 14
Internal Syste1ns .................................................................................... 14
External/Storage Systems ...................................................................... 14
11. .................................................................................................................... 15
Overview ................................................................................................ 1 5
Internal Systems .................................................................................... 16
External/Storage Systems ...................................................................... 16
llx ................................................................................................................... 16
Overview ................................................................................................ 16
Internal Systems .................................................................................... 17
External/Storage Systems ...................................................................... 17
SE/30 .............................................................................................................. 17
Overview ................................................................................................ 18
Internal Systen1s .................................................................................... 18
External/Storage Systems ...................................................................... 19
