Until There Is Justice: The Life of Anna Arnold Hedgeman

353 Pages·2016·8.39 MB·English

by  Jennifer Scanlon

UNTIL THERE IS JUSTICE

UNTIL THERE
IS JUSTICE
The Life of Anna Arnold Hedgeman
Jennifer Scanlon
1
1
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© Oxford University Press 2016
First Edition published in 2016
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Cataloging-in-Publication data is on file at the Library of Congress.
ISBN 978-0-19-024859-8
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Printed by Edwards Brothers, USA
Frontispiece: Anna Arnold Hedgeman looks out between A. Philip Randolph
and Martin Luther King Jr. The photograph invites us to take her seriously in a movement
in which they all played vital roles.
Courtesy National Afro-American Museum and Cultural Center
We will not rest until there is justice in our beloved country and
we know that as justice comes to all Americans, it will come
in increasing measure to the people of the world.
anna arnold hedgeman, The Trumpet Sounds

CONTENTS
Prologue: A Purposeful Life  1
1. A Midwestern Childhood  5
2. Education: The First Measure of Independence  13
3. Teaching in the Segregated South  27
4. Heading North to Spread the Word: The YWCA Years  47
5. Harlem and Brooklyn in the Great Depression  65
6. World War II: A Time for Racial Justice  83
7. Fighting for Fair Employment, Fighting for Truman  99
8. “New World Citizen”: Developing a National Portfolio,
an International Consciousness, and an FBI File  117
9. Running for Office  135
10. “A Burr in the Saddle”: Anna Arnold Hedgeman, White
Protestants, and the March on Washington  151
11. The “Double Handicap of Race and Sex”: African American
Women and the March on Washington  163
12. The Commission on Religion and Race  173
13. Moving the Justice Fight North  189
14. Black Power, Woman Power  203
15. Refusing Retirement: The Hedgeman Consultant Service  213
Epilogue: Fighting for Heaven, Right Here on Earth  229
Acknowledgments  233
Notes  237
Bibliography  285
Index  301

UNTIL THERE IS JUSTICE