UNIX in a Nutshell - All IT eBooks

908 Pages·2015·4.47 MB·English

UNIX
IN A NUTSHELL
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UNIX
IN A NUTSHELL
Fourth Edition
Arnold Robbins
Beijing • Cambridge • Farnham • Köln • Paris • Sebastopol • Taipei • Tokyo
Unix in a Nutshell, Fourth Edition
by Arnold Robbins
Copyright © 2006, 1999, 1992, 1989 O’Reilly Media, Inc. All rights reserved.
Printed in the United States of America.
PublishedbyO’ReillyMedia,Inc.,1005GravensteinHighwayNorth,Sebastopol,CA95472.
O’Reillybooksmaybepurchasedforeducational,business,orsalespromotionaluse.Online
editions are also available for most titles (safari.oreilly.com). For more information, contact
our corporate/institutional sales department: [phone] [email protected].
Editor: Mike Loukides
Production Editor: Colleen Gorman
Cover Designer: Edie Freedman
Interior Designer: David Futato
Back Cover Illustration: J.D. “Illiad” Frazer
Printing History:
May 1989: First Edition.
June 1992: Second Edition.
August 1999: Third Edition.
October 2005: Fourth Edition.
Nutshell Handbook, the Nutshell Handbook logo, and the O’Reilly logo are registered
trademarksofO’ReillyMedia,Inc.TheInaNutshellseriesdesignations,UnixinaNutshell,
the image of a tarsier, and related trade dress are trademarks of O’Reilly Media, Inc.
Manyofthedesignationsusedbymanufacturersandsellerstodistinguishtheirproductsare
claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this book, and O’Reilly Media,
Inc. was aware of a trademark claim, the designations have been printed in caps or initial
caps. UNIX is a registered trademark of The Open Group.
While every precaution has been taken in the preparation of this book, the publisher and
authorassumenoresponsibilityforerrorsoromissions,orfordamagesresultingfromtheuse
of the information contained herein.
ISBN: 0-596-10029-9
[M] [8/06]
To my wife, Miriam. May our dreams continue to come true.
To my children, Chana, Rivka, Nachum, and Malka.
To the memory of Frank Willison.

Chapter1
Table of Contents
Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii
PartI. Commands and Shells
1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Unix in the 21st Century 3
Obtaining Compilers 5
Building Software 6
What’s in the Quick Reference 7
Beginner’s Guide 8
Solaris: Standard Compliant Programs 11
2. Unix Commands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Introduction 13
Alphabetical Summary of Common Commands 15
Alphabetical Summary of Solaris Commands 241
Alphabetical Summary of GNU/Linux Commands 260
Alphabetical Summary of Mac OS X Commands 304
Alphabetical Summary of Java Commands 321
3. The Unix Shell: An Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341
Introduction to the Shell 341
Purpose of the Shell 342
Shell Flavors 343
vii
This is the Title of the Book, eMatter Edition
Copyright © 2006 O’Reilly & Associates, Inc. All rights reserved.
Shell Source Code URLs 344
Common Features 344
Differing Features 345
4. The Bash and Korn Shells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347
Overview of Features 348
Invoking the Shell 349
Syntax 350
Functions 357
Variables 358
Arithmetic Expressions 366
Command History 368
Job Control 372
Command Execution 372
Restricted Shells 373
Built-in Commands (Bash and Korn Shells) 374
5. tcsh: An Extended C Shell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 417
Overview of Features 417
Invoking the Shell 418
Syntax 419
Variables 423
Expressions 435
Command History 438
Command-Line Manipulation 442
Job Control 445
Built-in Commands 446
6. Package Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 467
Linux Package Management 467
The Red Hat Package Manager 470
Yum: Yellowdog Updater Modified 484
up2date: Red Hat Update Agent 489
The Debian Package Manager 492
Mac OS X Package Management 520
Solaris Package Management 521
viii | Table of Contents
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Copyright © 2006 O’Reilly & Associates, Inc. All rights reserved.