United Nations. The Economic and Social Council Achieving the Global Public Health Agenda - Dialogues at the Economic and Social Council

312 Pages·2016·4.95 MB·English

This book presents the key debates that took place during the
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ISBN 978-92-1-104587-1
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Sales No. E.08.II.A.11 tio
08-45773—December 2008—2,105 ns United Nations
Department of Economic and Social Affairs
Office for ECOSOC Support and Coordination

Achieving
Sustainable Development
and Promoting
Development Cooperation

Dialogues at the
Economic and Social Council

United Nations
New York, 2008
ii
NOTE

United Nations Publications
ISBN: 978-92-1-104587-1
Sales No. E.08.II.A.11
Copyright © United Nations 2008
All rights reserved

UN Photos/ Kevin Bubriski/ Eskinder Debebe/ John Isaac/ Fred Noy/
Martine Perret/ Evan Schneider/ P Sudhakaran

For further information please contact:

United Nations
Department of Economic and Social Affairs
Office for ECOSOC Support and Coordination
1 United Nations Plaza, Room DC1-1428
New York, N.Y. 10017, USA.

The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors
and do not necessarily reflect the views of the United Nations
Department of Economic and Social Affairs.
Achieving Sustainable Development and Promoting Development Cooperation– Dialogues at the ECOSOC iii
DESA

The Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat is
a vital interface between global policies in the economic, social and environmental
spheres and national action. The Department works in three main interlinked areas:
(i) it compiles, generates and analyses a wide range of economic, social and
environmental data and information on which States Members of the United
Nations draw to review common problems and to take stock of policy options; (ii) it
facilitates the negotiations of Member States in many intergovernmental bodies on
joint courses of action to address ongoing or emerging global challenges; and (iii) it
advises interested Governments on the ways and means of translating policy
frameworks developed in United Nations conferences and summits into
programmes at the country level and, through technical assistance, helps build
national capabilities.
iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

This book has been prepared by the Office for ECOSOC Support and Coordination,
Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations. The Secretary-
General’s report to the Annual Ministerial Review of the High-level Segment of the
Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) on “Implementing the Internationally
Agreed Goals and Commitments in Regard to Sustainable Development” and the
Ministerial Declaration of the ECOSOC High-level Segment are attached as
annexes. The book also draws upon the debates and outcomes of the Council’s
session as well as on a series of roundtables organized in preparation for the session.
The roundtables and panels were sponsored by the International Fund for
Agricultural Development (IFAD), International Monetary Fund (IMF),
International Organization for Migration (IOM), United Nations Capital
Development Fund (UNCDF), United Nations Environmental Programme (UNEP),
United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO), United Nations
Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat), United Nations Office for
Partnerships (UNOP), UN Office of the High Representative for the Least
Developed Countries, Landlocked Developing Countries and Small Island
Developing States (UN-OHRLLS), Office of the Special Adviser on Africa (OSAA),
Office of the Special Adviser on Gender Issues (OSAGI), United Nations Population
Fund (UNFPA), United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD),
United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), Food and Agriculture
Organization of the United Nations (FAO), United Nations Educational, Scientific
and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF),
World Bank, and the World Trade Organization (WTO).
v
CONTENTS

Glossary of Acronyms xii
Preface 1
Introduction 3
1. Achieving Sustainable Development 9
Overview 9
Overcoming Global Obstacles to Achieve Development Goals 11
Mr. Ban Ki-moon
Secretary-General
United Nations
Delivered by Mr. Sha Zukang
Under-Secretary-General for Economic and Social Affairs
United Nations
Reaffirming Development Priorities: Uniting to Combat Obstacles to Progress 14
H.E. Mr. Léo Mérorès
President of the Economic and Social Council
United Nations
Battling Climate Change by Promoting Environmentally Sustainable Development 17
Dr. Rajendra K. Pachauri
Chairman, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
Director-General, The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI)
Towards a Global Deal on Climate Change 23
Lord Stern of Brentford
Author of the Stern Review
2. High-Level Policy Dialogue on Current Developments in the World
Economy and International Economic Cooperation 31
Overview 31
Living in a Time of Insecurity and Enormous Challenges 35
Mr. Sha Zukang
Under-Secretary-General for Economic and Social Affairs United Nations
A Call for Concerted Action to Address the Unprecedented Confluence of Several
Crises 38
Mr. Supachai Panitchpakdi
Secretary-General
United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
Urgency of Completing the Doha Round more Acute than Ever 43
Ms. Valentine Rugwabiza
Deputy Director-General
vi Contents
World Trade Organization
Current Economic Developments and the Outlook for the Global Economy 46
Mr. Murilo Portugal
Deputy Managing Director
International Monetary Fund
Global Economic Outlook and Implications for Developing Countries 49
Mr. Justin Lin
Chief Economist and Senior Vice President
The World Bank
3. The Development Cooperation Forum 55
Overview 55
A - 2008 Development Cooperation Forum 57
The DCF Brings Inclusiveness and Accountability to Aid Implementation 57
H.E. Mr. Léo Mérorès
President of the Economic and Social Council
United Nations
Ensuring Appropriate and Effective Distribution of Aid 60
Mr. Ban Ki-moon
Secretary-General
United Nations
Reevaluating Aid Implementation Approaches to Realize Global Development Goals 63
Mr. Louis Michel
European Commissioner for Development and Humanitarian Aid
The Changing Landscape and Dynamics of International Development Cooperation 68
H.E. Mr. Trevor Manuel
Minister of Finance, The Republic of South Africa
Special Envoy of the UN Secretary-General for the Doha Review
Improving Aid Effectiveness in the New Landscape of Development Cooperation 72
Mr. Supachai Panitchpakdi
Secretary-General
United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
B - Official Summary of the ECOSOC President 75
C - High-Level Roundtables 78
Roundtable 1: Allocating More Aid: Where Should It Go? 78
Roundtable 2: South-South and Triangular Development Cooperation 81
Roundtable 3: How are Civil Society and New Actors enhancing Impact at the Country
Level? 84
Achieving Sustainable Development and Promoting Development Cooperation– Dialogues at the ECOSOC vii
Roundtable 4: Are Country-Level Capacities Adequate for the Task of Increasing Aid
Absorption? 86
Roundtable 5: How can Development Aid support National Development Strategies? 89
Roundtable 6: Aid Effectiveness Agenda: Towards Consensus at Accra and Doha 91
D – Secretary-General’s analytical background report 94
E - Preparing for the 2008 Development Cooperation Forum 96
Launch of the Forum (July 2007) 96
Vienna High-level Symposium (April 2007) 97
Cairo High-level Symposium (January 2008) 99
Rome Stakeholder Forum (June 2008) 101
4. 2008 Annual Ministerial Review National Voluntary Presentations 105
Overview 105
Belgium 107
H.E. Mr. Charles Michel
Minister of Development Cooperation
Chile 110
H.E. Mrs. Paula Quintana
Minister of National Planning and Cooperation
Finland 114
H.E. Mr. Paavo Väyrynen
Minister for Foreign Trade and Development
Kazakhstan 117
H.E. Mr. Nurlan Danenov
Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs
Lao People’s Democratic Republic 119
H.E. Mr. Bounkeut Sangsomsak
Vice Minister of Foreign Affairs
Luxembourg 120
H.E. Mr Jean-Louis Schiltz
Minister for Development Cooperation and Humanitarian Affairs
United Kingdom 122
Mr. Andrew Steer
Director General, Policy Research, Department for International Development
United Republic of Tanzania 125
H.E. Mr. Peter Msola
Minister of Science, Technology and ICT
viii Contents
5. Opportunities and Solutions to the Global Food Crisis: Addressing the
Needs of Small Farmers 129
Overview 129
Malawi’s Efforts in Harnessing Increased Agricultural Production for Sustainable
Food Security and Socio-Economic Development 131
H.E. Mr. Frank T. Mwenifumbo, MP.
Deputy Minister of Agriculture and Food Security
Republic of Malawi
How to Assist the Small-Scale Farmer 135
Mr. Robert Watson
Director of the International Assessment of Agricultural Science and Technology for
Development
Chief Scientific Advisor to the UK Department of Environment, Food and Rural affairs
Director for Strategic Development of the Tyndall Center, University of East Anglia
Building Empowering Value Chains: Integrating Small Holders into the New
Opportunities in Agriculture 139
Mr. Steven Schonberger
Lead Operations Officer in Agriculture and Rural Development
World Bank
Food Prices, Poverty, and Small-Scale Farmers: Getting the Global Trade Regime
Right 144
Ms. Sandra Polaski
Senior Associate and Director, Trade, Equity and Development
Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
Market Accessibility through Improved Inputs, Information and Infrastructure: A
Proposal to Enable Small-Scale Farmers to Compete Globally and Contribute to
Food, Economic and Political Security 157
Mr. James C. Borel
Group Vice President
DuPont
6. Emerging Issues and Challenges in Sustainable Development:
Bioenergy, Sustainable Livelihoods and Rural Poor in Sustainable
Development 163
Overview 163
Increasing Populations and Increasing Scarcity of Food, Natural Resources and
Energy 165
Mr. Alexander Mueller
Assistant Director
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Biofuels and Poor People’s Access to Land 168
Dr. Sonja Vermeulen
Director, Programme on Business and Sustainable Development
Achieving Sustainable Development and Promoting Development Cooperation– Dialogues at the ECOSOC ix
International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED), representing the
International Land Coalition
Biodiesel for Rural Development: Lessons from Guatemala on How to Increase
Livelihoods for the Poor 172
Mr. Lionel Lopez
Director
Technoserve, Guatemala
Energy, Agriculture and Food Crisis – Strategies for Interdependent Problems 175
Ms. Suzanne Hunt,
Bioenergy Expert, Independent Consultant
7. The Role of Ecosystem Services in Sustainable Development 177
Overview 177
The Ecosystem Framework as Part of the Sustainable Development Discourse 180
Mr. Achim Steiner
Under-Secretary-General and Executive Director
United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)
The Role of Ecosystem Services in Sustainable Development 182
Mr. Ahmed Djoghlaf
Executive Secretary
Convention on Biological Diversity
The Ecosystem Approach to Sustainable Development 185
Mr. Hillary M. Masundire
Chair
IUCN Commission on Ecosystem Management
University of Botswana
The Ecosystem Approach Must Be Seen in the Broader Context of Human
Ecology 192
Ms. Anna Tibaijuka
Under-Secretary-General and Executive Director
United Nations Human Settlement Programme (UN-HABITAT)
The Role of Ecosystem Services in Sustainable Development – The Example of
Costa Rica 194
Mr. Jorge Mario Rodríguez
Director
National Forestry Financing Fund (FONAFIFO)
The Role of Ecosystem Services in Sustainable Development in the Context of
Coastal Developing States in Sub-Saharan Africa 198
Mr. Magus Ngoile
Director-General
National Environment Management Council
Tanzania