Understanding Market Reforms: Volume 2: Motivation, Implementation and Sustainability

428 Pages·2006·52.866 MB·English

by  José María Fanelli, Gary McMahon (eds.)

Understanding Market Reforms
Also by the editors
UNDERSTANDING MARKET REFORMS: Volume 1, Philosophy, Politics and
Stakeholders
Understanding Market
Reforms
Volume 2: Motivation, Implementation and
Sustainability
Edited by
Jose Maria Fanelli and Gary McMahon
* Selection and editorial matter ©jose Marfa Fanelli & Gary McMahon 2006
Individual chapters © contributors 2006
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2006 978-1-4039-4941-7
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10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
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To my father -Jose
To my mother - Gary
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Contents
List of Tables ix
List of Figures xi
Notes on Contributors xii
List of Abbreviations xvii
1 Introduction to the Regional Syntheses and Country
Case Studies 1
Jose Maria Fanelli and Gary McMahon
2 Stalled and Partial Reforms: Understanding Reform in Africa
and the Middle East 68
Floribert Ngaruko and Takawira Mumvuma
3 The Washington Consensus and East Asian Sequencing:
Understanding Reform in East and South Asia 99
Keun Lee
4 The Reform Process in Post-Communist Transition:
Understanding Reform in Eastern and Central Europe
and the Commonwealth of Independent States 141
Piotr Kozarzewski and Richard Woodward
5 On the Political Economy of Pro-Market Reform in
Latin America 193
Alvaro Forteza and Mariano Tommasi
6 Long-Distance Market Reform: Understanding Reform in the
Oceania Region 229
The Oceania Development Network in association
with the Foundation for Development Cooperation
7 The Czech Republic: Understanding the Transition Reform 256
Jan Hanousek, Evzen Kocenda and Lubomir Lizal
8 Understanding Indonesian Economic Reforms, 1983-2000 294
Ari Kuncoro and Budy P. Resosudarmo
VII
viii Contents
9 Russia: Political and Institutional Determinants of Economic
Reforms 325
Marek Dabrowski, Vladimir Mau, Konstantin Yanovskiy, Irina
Sinicina, Rafal Antczak, Sergei Zhavoronkov and Alexei Shapovalov
References 365
Index 383
List of Tables
1.1 Main reforms and causes 8
1.2a Similar reforms, varied outcomes: privatization 12
1.2b Similar reforms, varied outcomes: pension reform 16
1.2c Similar reforms, varied outcomes: external trade 19
1.2d Similar reforms, varied outcomes: foreign direct
investment 22
1.2e Similar reforms, varied outcomes: financial markets 24
1.3 Major problems with implementation of reforms 33
1.4 Captured reforms 38
1.5 Successful market reforms and political economy 46
Al.l Main episodes and extent of market reform 64
3.1 Basic indicators of selected economies 103
3.2 Initiation and duration of reform 113
3.3 Political institutions and economic reforms 115
3.4 Washington Consensus versus East Asian consensus 118
3.5 Tertiary education enrollment ratio, 1980-2003 122
3.6 R&D expenditure to GDP ratio in selected countries,
1996-2002 122
3.7 Reform selection and implementation 124
3.8 Sequencing and reform performance 134
4.1 Major initial conditions and reform program characteristics
of six countries 149
4.2 Reform outcomes 170
4.3 Rent-seekers and the state 179
5.1 Economic outcomes of reform in Latin America 198
5.2 Social outcomes of reform in Latin America 199
5.3 Initiation of reforms in Latin America 211
6.1 The reform process in the Oceania region 233
6.2 Key social indicators of the countries in the Oceania region 237
6.3 Distances between countries in the Oceania region 238
6.4 Key economic indicators of countries in the Oceania region,
2004 239
6.5 Factors influencing the success of reform processes 251
7.1 Completing the banking sector transformation 273
7.2 Number of judges per 100,000 inhabitants, 2000 281
7.3 Balance of respective public budget components as
percentage of GDP: autonomous scenario 288
IX