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BIP 2215 Understanding ISO 26000 U Understanding ISO 26000 n A Practical Approach to Social Responsibility d e rs A Practical Approach to Social Responsibility t a n d in g IS O 2 6 0 0 0 A P r a c t ic a l A p p r o a c h t o S o c ia l R e s p o n s ib ilit y E d it e d b y BSI order ref: BIP 2215 A d r ia n H e n r iq u e BSI Group Headquarters s 389 Chiswick High Road London W4 4AL www.bsigroup.com The British Standards Institution is incorporated by Royal Charter Edited by Adrian Henriques ©© BBSSII ccooppyyrriigghhtt Understanding ISO 26000 A Practical Approach to Social Responsibility Understanding ISO 26000 A Practical Approach to Social Responsibility Edited by Adrian Henriques FirstpublishedintheUKin2011 by BSI 389ChiswickHighRoad LondonW44AL ©BritishStandardsInstitution2011 Allrightsreserved.ExceptaspermittedundertheCopyright,DesignsandPatents Act1988,nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedinaretrieval systemortransmittedinanyformorbyanymeans–electronic,photocopying, recordingorotherwise–withoutpriorpermissioninwritingfromthepublisher. Whilsteverycarehasbeentakenindevelopingandcompilingthispublication,BSI acceptsnoliabilityforanylossordamagecaused,arisingdirectlyorindirectlyin connectionwithrelianceonitscontentsexcepttotheextentthatsuchliability maynotbeexcludedinlaw. TherightsofAdrianHenriquestobeidentifiedastheeditorofthisWorkhave beenassertedbyhiminaccordancewithsections77and78oftheCopyright, DesignsandPatentsAct1988. TypesetinFrutigerbyLetterpartLimited,www.letterpart.com PrintedinGreatBritainbyBerfortsGroup,www.berforts.co.uk BritishLibraryCataloguinginPublicationData AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary ISBN978-0-580-74017-6 Contents Listofabbreviations vi Acknowledgments viii Foreword ix Preface xii Introduction xvii Contributors xxix Part I – ISO 26000 Issues 1 Organizationalgovernance 1 Humanrightsandsocialresponsibility 9 Labourpractices 21 Shouldwetakeresponsibilityfortheenvironment–orfor ourselves? 33 Consumerissues 41 Internationalnormsandstakeholderengagement 49 Astandardforcompaniesorastandardforcommunities? 59 Part II – Developing and Implementing ISO 26000 71 Integratingsocialresponsibilityintoacommercialorganization– experiencesatAggregateIndustriesUK 71 ISO26000implementation–aBrazilianperspective 79 Part III – Cross-Cutting Issues 91 TradeimplicationsofISO26000 91 Socialresponsibilityandculturaldifference 101 Standardsandthestate 109 Themeaningof‘sphereofinfluence’inISO26000 115 ISO26000andotherstandards–therelationshipbetween ISO26000,theUNGlobalCompactandtheGlobalReporting Initiative 131 References 151 UnderstandingISO26000 v List of abbreviations ABNT BrazilianTechnicalStandardsAssociation APEAN ArabianPeninsulaEnvironmentalExpertsNetwork CAG Chairs’AdvisoryGroup CEO ChiefExecutiveOfficer CIF CustomizedImplementationFramework CNI/SESI NationalConfederationofIndustry(Brazil) CNIS ChinaNationalInstituteofStandardization CO2 CarbonDioxide CoP CommunicationonProgress CO- ISOConsumerPolicyCommittee POLCO CSR CorporateSocialResponsibility ECPAT EndChildProstitution,ChildPornographyandTraffickingin ChildrenforSexualPurposes FASE FederationofSocialandEducationalAssistanceOrganizations FDI ForeignDirectInvestment FDIS FinalDraftInternationalStandard GRI GlobalReportingInitiative IFC InternationalFinanceCorporation ILO InternationalLabourOrganization ILOMNE ILOTripartiteDeclarationofPrinciplesConcerning MultinationalEnterprisesandSocialPolicy IPCC IntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange ISG IndustryStakeholderGroup ISO InternationalOrganizationforStandardization ITUC InternationalTradeUnionConfederation LTIFR LostTimeInjuryFrequencyRate MDG MillenniumDevelopmentGoal MOU MemorandumofUnderstanding NGO Non-governmentalorganization NWIP NewWorkItemProposal OECD OrganisationforEconomicCo-operationandDevelopment OHCHR OfficeoftheUnitedNationsHighCommissionerforHuman Rights vi UnderstandingISO26000 Listofabbreviations SAGE StrategicAdvisoryGroupontheEnvironment SAI SocialAccountabilityInstitute SIS SwedishStandardsInstitute SME Small-andMedium-sizedEnterprises SMO Small-andMedium-sizedOrganization SRI SociallyResponsibleInvestment SRSG SpecialRepresentativeoftheUnitedNationsSecretary GeneralonBusinessandHumanRights SSRO Support,Service,Research,andOther TBT TechnicalBarrierstoTrade TMB TechnicalManagementBoard UDHR UniversalDeclarationofHumanRights UNCED UnitedNationsConferenceonEnvironmentand Development UNEP UnitedNationsEnvironmentProgramme UNGPs UnitedNationsGuidingPrinciples WCED WorldCommissiononEnvironmentandDevelopment WGSR ISOWorkingGrouponSocialResponsibility WMO WorldMeteorologicalOrganization WSSD WorldSummitforSustainableDevelopment WTO WorldTradeOrganization UnderstandingISO26000 vii Acknowledgments Iwouldliketotakethisopportunitytothankallofthecontributorsfor theirvaluableinsights;withoutthemthisbookreallywouldnothave beenpossible.Ithasbeenbothapleasureandatreattobeabletobring togethersomanyexpertsforonepieceofwork. SpecialmentionsalsogotoWayneVisser,founderofCSRInternational, andJamesRobey,GroupCSR&SustainabilityDirectoratCapGemini,for theirthoughtsandinputalongtheway. AdrianHenriques viii UnderstandingISO26000 Foreword Shaping a more responsible world Takingresponsibilityforouractions–it’soneofthefirstsignsof maturityinourchildren.Takingresponsibilityissometimesnoteasy;it canhurt,andit’softenafrighteningprospect.Aschildrendevelopinto adults,takingresponsibilitycomeswithagrowingrecognitionoftheir interdependence,andtheirinfluenceonothers. Amultinationalcompany,alocalcharity,amunicipalservicesdepartment –anyorganization–isalsosusceptibletosuchgrowthandmaturity.A mature,responsibleorganizationfullyrecognizestheimpactsofits decisionsandactivitiesonsocietyandtheenvironment.Theelementsof thisresponsibilityreflecttheexpectationsofsocietyataparticularpoint intime.Theseexpectationsarethesubjectofnational,regionaland internationalpublicpolicyandgovernmentalinstruments.Overtheyears, variousstateandnon-stateactorshavebroughttolifemanyofthese instrumentsintheformofinitiatives,designedtoaddressorimprove aspectsofanorganization’ssocialresponsibility.However,capturingand maintainingacomprehensive,authoritative,internationalexpressionof socialresponsibilitynecessitatesdevelopmentanddecisionmakingthatis highlyconsultative,transparent,credibleandundercontinualreviewand improvement. InMay2001,InternationalOrganizationforStandardization(ISO)hadits firstdiscussionofsocialaccountabilityandresponsibility.Itwaspresented asanideatoISO’sexecutivegoverningbody(ISOCouncil)bythemember fromIsrael(MsZivaPatir,StandardsInstituteofIsrael).Andthusbegana journey.Atfirst,thetaskwaslimitedtoevaluatingthefeasibilityof developinga‘standard’onsuchacomplex,broad,far-reachingand culturallydiversesubject.Acarefullyassembled,multi-stakeholder AdvisoryGroupwasformedundertheISOTechnicalManagementBoard (TMB).Atthebeginning,opinionsandunderstandingof‘corporate’ socialresponsibilityvariedwidely,fromthosewhoconsideredthatitwas simplycompliancewithrelevantlegislationtootherswhoconsideredthat itwaspurelyphilanthropy. After18monthsofstudytheAdvisoryGroupproducedits recommendations,outliningtheprosandconsoflaunchingsuchan effortinISO.ItsreportwaspresentedatanISOConferencein2004in Stockholmtoabroadaudiencethat,atthetime,assembledfivekey categoriesofstakeholder:industry,government,consumers,labourand UnderstandingISO26000 ix

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