Understanding Anger Disorders

429 Pages·2010·2.74 MB·English

by  Raymond DiGiuseppe

Understanding Anger
Disorders
Raymond DiGiuseppe
Raymond Chip Tafrate
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS
Understanding Anger Disorders
This page intentionally left blank
Understanding
Anger Disorders
Raymond DiGiuseppe
and
Raymond Chip Tafrate
1
2007
1
OxfordUniversityPress,Inc.,publishesworksthatfurther
OxfordUniversity’sobjectiveofexcellence
inresearch,scholarship,andeducation.
Oxford NewYork
Auckland CapeTown DaresSalaam HongKong Karachi
KualaLumpur Madrid Melbourne MexicoCity Nairobi
NewDelhi Shanghai Taipei Toronto
Withofficesin
Argentina Austria Brazil Chile CzechRepublic France Greece
Guatemala Hungary Italy Japan Poland Portugal Singapore
SouthKorea Switzerland Thailand Turkey Ukraine Vietnam
Copyright#2007byOxfordUniversityPress
PublishedbyOxfordUniversityPress,Inc.
198MadisonAvenue,NewYork,NewYork10016
www.oup.com
OxfordisaregisteredtrademarkofOxfordUniversityPress
Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,
storedinaretrievalsystem,ortransmitted,inanyformorbyanymeans,
electronic,mechanical,photocopying,recording,orotherwise,
withoutthepriorpermissionofOxfordUniversityPress.
LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData
DiGiuseppe,Raymond.
Understandingangerdisorders/RaymondDiGiuseppeandRaymondChipTafrate.
p.cm.
Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.
ISBN-13978-0-19-517079-5
ISBN0-19-517079-2
1. Anger. 2. Anger—Treatment. I. Tafrate,RaymondChip. II. Title.
RC569.5.A53D542006
616.85081—dc22 2006002297
9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica
onacid-freepaper
To
Roseanne, Anna, Thomas, Dan, and Matt
—RD
Lauren, Jacob, and Samantha
—RCT
This page intentionally left blank
Acknowledgments
Overthe10yearswehaveworkedonthisprojectwehavediscussedthetopicof
angerwithalmosteveryoneweknow.Wewouldliketotakethisopportunityto
acknowledgethosewhohavebeenmosthelpfultous.Firstwewanttothank
Joan Bossert, our editor at Oxford University Press. When most other pub-
lisherswantedaquickandspeedy‘‘how-to-do-it’’manual,sheencouragedus
toanswerthemoredifficultquestionsaboutangerandtakethetimetowrite
thoughtfullyaboutthem.Joansharedourvisionforthisbookandwithouther
itwouldhaveremainedatreatmentmanualratherthanamoreinterestingand
extensive volume. Joan also secured two reviewers to whom we remain in-
debtedfortheirfeedbackonanearlierversionofthisproject.Theymanagedto
strikeabalancebetweenpositivereinforcementandmeaningfulsuggestionsfor
change. Their recommendations are echoed throughout the final work. We
thankMalloryJensenandStephanieAttiaatOxfordUniversityPressfortheir
detailed,quick,andhelpfulworkinthefinal,productionphaseofthisproject.
We are also grateful for the support we have received from our re-
spectiveuniversities.St.John’sUniversityanditsDepartmentofPsychology
have provided us with research assistants, library resources, and financial
support for research without which we could not have completed this
project. Central Connecticut State University and its Department of Crimi-
nology and Criminal Justice have provided release time for research,
funding for anger-related projects, and a sabbatical leave, all of which
contributed to the completion of this work.
Wewouldalsoliketoacknowledgeourcommonmentors.AlbertEllishas
alwaysbeen a dedicatedmentorand his inspiration helped usinmanyways.
viii Acknowledgments
Watching him practice psychotherapy provided the insight for our focus on
developingthetherapeuticalliancewithangryclients.Wealsocametoseethat
hisREBTmodel,theplacewebothstartedclinically,maybeamongthemost
valuableinterventionsforassistingthosewithproblematicangerreactions.
Howard Kassinove mentored both our doctoral dissertations, although
some years apart. He has always been a model for good science and good
clinical practice based on science. Whenever we wrote something, we con-
sidered how Howie would challenge us to prove it and make it clearer and
more parsimonious. He remained with us throughout the project.
Several peers have joined us at symposia over the years and we have
benefitedfromtheirinsightsandpiercingquestions. Firstwewanttothank
ChrisEckhardt,whohelpedlaunchourinterestinthisinvestigationandhas
mademajorstridesonhisownintheunderstandingofangerandintimate-
partner violence. Of course Jerry Deffenbacher has been extremely gracious
and helpful throughout the years. He single-handedly created an anger-
outcome literature. Jerry has always been an honest, straightforward, ac-
cepting colleague by whom one could float any bad idea; he would always
respond with candor and kindness. A. G. Ahmed, from the University of
Ottawa,startedanangerdisordersclinicatoururging,therebyhelpingusby
puttingourideasintopractice.A.G.’sfeedbackhasprovidedourworkwith
numerous clinical insights. We would also like to thank the division of In-
dependentPracticeoftheAmericanPsychologicalAssociation.Almostevery
yearoverthepastdecadewehavesubmittedproposalstopresentsymposiaat
theassociation’sannualconvention.Thesepresentationsallowedustoshare
ideaswithpractitionersandgettheirfeedbackandinsights.
In addition we would like to thank our graduate assistants who have
worked on anger projects with us over the years: Sharon Leis, Jeffrey Froh,
Carol Cannella, Jill Kelter, Danielle Rannazzi, and Andrea Camilli at
St. John’s University. We want to thank Ryan Fuller, who served as Ray’s
postdoctoral fellow and read and critiqued earlier drafts of the manuscript.
Wewould like toacknowledgeLouisDundinandMarkLudwig,bothfrom
Central Connecticut State University, whose creativity and courage in
working with offender samples was always valued.
We would like to acknowledge Jennifer Jablonski, who conducted the
literaturereviewonangerinpersonalitydisordersandpreparedafirstdraft
of chapter 11. Jennifer was a doctoral student at St. John’s University when
shetookupthistask.AndwethankFaithUnger,whoworkedasRay’spost-
doctoralfellowandwhomadeseveralrevisionstochapter11andhelpedout
with many other tasks; and Bernard Gorman, who contributed valuable
technicalassistanceintheclusteranalysisthatledtotheangersubtypesthat
are presented in chapter 15.
Finally, we would like to thank our clients. We have often sought their
opinions about how anger operated in their lives and have tried out new
assessmentandinterventionstrategieswiththem.Wehavelearnedthemost
from them.
Contents
Introduction xi
Part I Theory and Research
1 Anger: The Forgotten Emotion 3
2 Ubiquitous and Intangible: The Problem of Defining Anger 18
3 How Anger Differs From Other Emotions 32
Part II Anger and Aggression
4 Theories of Anger and Aggression 59
5 Anger as a Mediator of Violence 77
6 A Proposed Model of the Relationship Between Anger
and Aggression 92
Part III Cognitive and Behavioral Models of Anger
7 Behavioral Models of Anger 117
8 Cognitive Models of Anger 133
Part IV Anger and Comorbidity
9 Anger and Axis I Pathology 163
10 Anger and Depression 185
11 Anger and Personality Disorders 202
ix