Ultrawideband Antennas: Design and Applications

210 Pages·2010·4.45 MB·English

by  Daniel Valderas

ULTRAWIDEBAND
ANTENNAS
Design and Applications
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ULTRAWIDEBAND
ANTENNAS
Design and Applications
Daniel Valderas
CEIT and Tecnun, University of Navarra, Spain
Juan Ignacio Sancho
Tecnun and CEIT, University of Navarra, Spain
David Puente
Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Spain
Cong Ling
Imperial College London, UK
Xiaodong Chen
Queen Mary, University of London, UK
Imperial College Press
ICP
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Published by
Imperial College Press
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Covent Garden
London WC2H 9HE
Distributed by
World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd.
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British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
ULTRAWIDEBAND ANTENNAS
Design and Applications
Copyright © 2011 by Imperial College Press
All rights reserved. This book, or parts thereof, may not be reproduced in any form or by any means,
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system now known or to be invented, without written permission from the Publisher.
For photocopying of material in this volume, please pay a copying fee through the Copyright
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ISBN-13978-1-84816-491-8
ISBN-101-84816-491-2
Typeset by Stallion Press
Email: [email protected]
Printed in Singapore.
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Foreword
Traditionally, the term “ultra-wideband” (UWB) has been associated with terms
suchasimpulse,carrier-free,baseband,time-domain,non-sinusoidal,orthogonal
function and large-relative-bandwidth radio/radar. The basic feature of UWB
systemsistheoccupancyofanextremelywideoperatingbandwidth,comparedto
conventionalradios,duetotheiruseofimpulsesignals.Sincethelate1960s,UWB
technologyhasbeendevelopedmainlyforradioandradarsystems,inparticular,
forgovernmentandmilitaryapplications.
However,inordertouseUWBtechnologytobenefitcommercialmarketsand
concurrentlyprotectagainstpossibleinterferencebetweenUWBsystemsandother
existing electronic systems, since 2002, several countries released the spectra of
below900MHzand3.1–10.6GHzbandsfortheunlicenseduseofUWBsystems.
Unlicensedcommercialapplicationsincludeimagingsystemsandvehicularradar
systems, as well as communication and measurement systems. The regulated
emissionfromUWBsystemsisaneffectiveisotropicradiatedpower(EIRP)ofless
than−41.3dBm/MHz.Moreimportantly,UWBtechnologyisnolongerlimited
toimpulsesystems.
Such commercial UWB systems have inevitably raised unique design chal-
lengesforantennas.Agreatdealofeffortinresearchanddevelopmenthasbeen
expended in order to achieve the desired broadband characteristics in terms of
impedancematching,groupdelayandradiationproperties,aswellasotherpractical
requirementssuchaslowcostandminiaturisedsize.
This book, Ultrawideband Antennas: Design and Applications authored by
Daniel Valderas and his colleagues Xiaodong Chen, Cong Ling, Juan Ignacio
Sancho and David Puente, is a timely collection of the latest progress in the
antenna designs, not only for UWB, but also for broadband applications. This
group is comprised of co-authors from diverse perspectives, each of whom has
beenveryactivein,andgreatlycontributedto,thisarea.Besidesconventionalways
todesignandoptimisebroadbandantennae,thebookalsoaddressesasystematic
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designprocesstofitspecificrequirementsinauniqueway.Therefore,ifyouare
interested in the forefront of broadband antenna technology, this book definitely
willbeawelcomeadditiontoyourlibrary.
ZhiNingChen
InstituteforInfocommResearch
Fusionopolis,Singapore
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Acknowledgements
The authors would like to express their sincere gratitude to all those who have
made this project possible, which has resulted in a long and worthwhile path of
effortandsatisfaction.Particularly,theauthorswouldliketothankProf.A.Manikas
(ImperialCollege,London)whoenvisagedthepotentialofthiscooperationthathas
fruitfullyculminatedinthissuccessfulpublication,andProf.Z.N.Chen(Institute
for Infocomm Research, Singapore) for starting the pages of this book with his
valuableforeword.
Daniel Valderas and Juan I. Sancho are indebted to Andrés García-Alonso
for his priceless encouragement.They are also grateful to CésarA. Rufo for the
constructionoftheprototypes,alwaysfabricatedinatimelyfashion,andtothose
who have collaborated with them from the very beginning, like Aitor Crespo,
to those at the very end, like Raúl Álvarez. Special recognition goes to CST
MicrowaveStudio,asaresultofafruitfulcollaboration,forprovidingthelicenses
thathavepavedthewayforthedevelopmentofthisresearchwork.
Daniel Valderas wishes to thank his parents,Alejandro and Isabel, for their
continuousexampleoflife…thatitisanadventuremorepreciousthanwritinga
book.Hewouldalsoliketothankhisengineer,IsidoroZorzano,whohelpedhim
withpublicationissues.HealsoacknowledgesadebtofgratitudetoIEEEandJohn
Wiley&Sons,whohavekindlygrantedpermissiontoreprintvaluablematerial—
thishasmadesomeofthechaptersinthebookpossible.
Cong Ling cannot thank his wife Lu Gan enough, for looking after their
newbornwhileheconcentratedonthisproject.
Xiaodong Chen would like to thank Lu Guo, Sheng Wang, Choo Chiau,
PengchengLiandJohnDupuyforconductingmostoftheresearchworkatQueen
Mary,UniversityofLondon,andhiscolleaguesinotherinstitutes,fortheircourtesy
inpermittingtheauthorstoquotetheirwork.
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Authors
Daniel Valderas received his M.Sc. degree and Ph.D. from
Tecnun, University of Navarra, in 1998 and 2006, respectively.
He is a Researcher with the Electronics and Communications
DepartmentoftheCentrodeEstudioseInvestigacionesTécnicas
deGipuzkoa(CEIT).In2002,hejoinedTecnunandiscurrentlya
LecturerintheElectricity,ElectronicsandControlDepartment.
He wasAcademicVisitor at FloridaAtlantic University (2003),
Imperial College (2007) and Queen Mary, University of London (2008). He has
participated in many different research projects on antenna fields. His research
focusesonUWBandbroadbandantennas,RFIDandMIMOantennasandantennas
forbodyapplications.
Juan Ignacio Sancho received his M.Sc. degree in Industrial
Engineering from Tecnun, University of Navarra, in 1988. He
worked inTelefonica S.A. and in 1990, he joinedTecnun as an
AssistantProfessorinElectromagnetics.In1995,hereceivedhis
Ph.D.inElectricalEngineering.Hehasparticipatedindifferent
researchprojectsaboutelectromagneticsandantennas.In2006,
he joined as Director of the RF Area of Tecnun. His current
researchinterestsincludebroadbandandUWBantennadesignandanalysis,and
RFID antennas and technology. He is currently a Professor on Electromagnetics
andAntennasandPropagationinTecnun.
David Puente received his M.Sc. degree in Electrical
Engineering,specialisedinRadioCommunication,fromTecnun,
University of Navarra, in 2007. Between 2005 and 2006,
he collaborated with the Electronics and Communications
Department of CEIT, thanks to a fellowship from the Spanish
Ministry of Education. In 2006, he formulated his Master’s
ThesisaboutRFIDAntennasDesignattheHighFrequencyand
MicrowaveTechnologyDepartmentatFraunhoferIISinErlangen,Germany.Heis
currentlyworkingtowardshisPh.D.inElectricalEngineeringatthePolytechnical
UniversityofMadrid(UPM)withaF.P.U.predoctoralfellowshipfromtheSpanish
MinistryofEducation.
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