Table Of ContentTYPE SPECIMENS OF BIRDS
IN THE AMERICAN MUSEUM
OF NATURAL HISTORY.
PART 5. PASSERIFORMES:
ALAUDIDAE, HIRUNDINIDAE,
MOTACILLIDAE, CAMPEPHAGIDAE,
PYCNONOTIDAE, IRENIDAE, LANIIDAE,
VANGIDAE, BOMBYCILLIDAE,
DULIDAE, CINCLIDAE,
TROGLODYTIDAE, AND MIMIDAE
MARY LECROY
Research Associate, Division of Vertebrate Zoology (Ornithology)
American Museum of Natural History
BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY
CENTRAL PARK WEST AT 79TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10024
Number 278, 156 pp.
Issued September 30, 2003
Copyright(cid:113)AmericanMuseumofNaturalHistory2003 ISSN0003-0090
2 BULLETIN AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY NO. 278
ABSTRACT
This fifth part of ‘‘Type Specimens of Birds in the American Museum of NaturalHistory’’
corresponds to taxa covered in Volume 9 of Peters’ Check-list of Birds of the World. The
original description of each taxon has been consulted, coordinates given for type localities
when possible, currently accepted names for the taxa included, and comments on taxonomic
historyareprovided.553publishednamesaretreated.Typesof11ofthesearenotinAMNH;
the type of one is not extant; and three specimens with supposed type status are shown to
have no nomenclatural standing.
INTRODUCTION erature to be in the ‘‘Tring Museum’’, as in
the‘‘RothschildCollection’’,nowinAMNH.
This, the fifth part of ‘‘Type Specimensof
The bird collection of The Natural History
Birds in the American Museum of Natural
Museum (formerly The British Museum
History’’ (AMNH), corresponds to taxa cov-
(Natural History), London) is now housed at
ered in Volume 9 of Peters’ Check-list of
Tring on the former Rothschild estate.
Birds of the World (see MayrandGreenway,
I have accepted Hartert’s (1918b, 1919,
1960). As in the earlier lists (Greenway,
1920, 1922b, 1928) nomination of ‘‘types’’
1973, 1978, 1987; LeCroy and Sloss, 2000),
in the Rothschild Collection as designations
this one follows the order of Peters’ Check-
of lectotypes in all cases where original de-
list, which is the basis for the arrangement
scriptions implied syntypes, following the
of the AMNH collection. More recent clas-
practice in all of the previous parts of the
sifications (e.g., that of Sibley and Monroe,
AMNH type list. Because definitions in the
1990) are still subject to frequent modifica-
Code (International Commission on Zoolog-
tion and their use might lead to errors or
icalNomenclature,1999)seemopentovary-
omissions.
ing interpretations, I give below a synopsis
The formatforthislistfollowsthatofpre-
of interpretations used here, with reference
vious parts. The citation of the name and of
to Articles in the Code.
the type locality in the taxonomic entry ap-
HOLOTYPE: Arts. 73.1 and 73.1.3. A holo-
pears exactly as it was given in the original
type is the single specimen, designated by
description, which has been seen unless oth-
theoriginalauthorintheoriginalpublication,
erwise indicated. In the text portion for each
upon which a new nominal species-group
taxon,thenameofthelocalityisupdatedand taxon is based.
coordinates are given when possible. The PARATYPES: Art. 72.4.5. If a holotype is
Times Atlas (Times of London, 1967) has designated, then the other specimens in the
beenusedwheneverpossible,butmanyother type series (Art. 72.4.1) become paratypes.
atlasesandgazetteershavebeenusedandare SYNTYPE(S): Art. 73.2. If no holotype or
cited in the text. lectotype has been fixed, then in taxa de-
Brackets enclosing a taxon name indicate scribed before 2000, all specimens in the
that the type might be expected to be in type series are syntypes, or certain of the
AMNH, but it either was not found or was specimens in the type series may have been
found to be in another collection. designated as syntypes.Allofthesesyntypes
The currently recognized name of each have equal status in nomenclature.
taxonisgivenandreferenceismadetousage Art. 72.4.6. ‘‘If an author when establish-
in a recent publication; where possible, that inganominalspecies-grouptaxonnominates
reference is to a recent taxonomic study. For either ‘syntypes’ (by that term, or by use of
some taxa, salient points in the taxonomic one of the terms ‘cotypes’ or ‘types’ alone),
history of the form are mentioned. Such or ‘holotypeand paratypes’usedtogether(or
comments are not intended to be complete by use of the term ‘type’ together with ‘al-
but rather to serve as a guide when the tax- lotype’ or ‘cotypes’), and also lists other
onomic history is particularly murky. specimens, the separate mention of the latter
To avoid confusion, I have referred to expressly excludes them from the type se-
Rothschild specimens, said in the older lit- ries.’’
2003 LECROY: TYPE SPECIMENS OF BIRDS. PART 5 3
I interpret these two Articles to mean that Since that time they have been accepted as
ifthedatacitedforthe‘‘type’’intheoriginal typesbyvariousworkerswhohaveconsulted
description apply to several specimensin the them at AMNH. Because of the long accep-
original series, then these specimens are eli- tanceofthesespecimensastypes,Ihavedes-
gible as name-bearing types and are by def- ignated the specimen bearing the Rothschild
inition the syntypes; they then form the type type label the lectotype, citing the AMNH
series and other specimens in theoriginalse- number to remove any ambiguity. This will
ries are excluded from the type series. avoid possible confusion in interpreting the
LECTOTYPES: The following Articles apply older literature.
to lectotype designations made before the In a few cases, Hartert, in his publications
year 2000: 74.1, 74.1.1, 74.1.2, 74.1.3, 74.2, on the types in the Rothschild Collection,
74.3, 74.5, 74.6, and 72.4.7. In accordance listed two specimens of an original type se-
with these Articles, I have not assumed that, ries as types. According to the Code, there
because a specimen has a type label, it is can be only a single lectotype; therefore this
necessarily the holotype, syntype, or lecto- is not an acceptable lectotypification. I have
typeof anytaxon.Afterreferringtotheorig- usually listed these specimens, along with
inal description, I have tried to determine if any other AMNH specimens from the type
the description unambiguously designated a series, as syntypes. Hartert was carefultore-
holotype or syntypes. For taxa from the fer to syntypes in the Rothschild Collection
RothschildCollection,Ihavethenreferredto as ‘‘co-types’’ when heknew therewereoth-
Hartert’s published type lists. Hartert distin- er syntypesof aparticulartaxoninothercol-
guished between what he called ‘‘types’’and lections. I have, of course, retained them as
‘‘co-types’’.His‘‘co-types’’areequivalentto syntypes. There are a very few cases where
syntypes and were listed as such when there Hartert apparently made an error. I discuss
were other syntypes in other collections. each of these in the text.
When the ‘‘type’’ was stated to be in the The following is a list of the lectotypes
Rothschild Museum or when the entire type that I have designated in this part of the type
series was held there, then Hartert used the list: Mirafra africana dohertyi Hartert, Mir-
term ‘‘type’’ to apply either to the holotype afra africana transvaalensis Hartert, Melan-
or to the specimen he was designating the ocorypha calandra hebraica Meinertzhagen,
‘‘type’’ ((cid:53) lectotype). Frequently he added Galerida cristata festae Hartert, Galerida
data from the label that madehisdesignation cristata deltae Hartert, Alauda arvensis hai-
unambiguous. nana Hartert, Alauda arvensis herberti Har-
In a few cases, the data given by Hartert tert, Cotile pembertoni Hartert, Petrocheli-
have not applied to only one specimen from don nigricans socialis Stresemann, Psalido-
the type series, even though only a single procne nitens centralis Neumann, Anthus
specimen bears the Rothschild type label. spinoletta kleinschmidti Hartert, Paragrau-
According to the Code, the presence of a caluslineatusaustiniMathews,Coracinaro-
type labelisnotevidence inandofitselfthat busta victoriae Mathews, Edoliosoma do-
a particular specimen is a type. However, hertyi Hartert, Pycnonotus prillwitzi Hartert,
these specimens bearing Rothschild type la- Eurillas virens holochlorus van Someren,
bels wereconsideredthetypesbyRothschild Criniger affinis harterti Stresemann, Nilaus
and Hartert and by others working in the afer hilgerti Neumann, Telophonus senegal-
Rothschild Collection over the years. The us pallidus Neumann, Harpolestessenegalus
Rothschild Collection was never cataloged mozambicus van Someren, Telophonus aus-
until after it came to AMNH, so that the tralis dohertyi Neumann, and Troglodytes
presence of the type label assured that the troglodytes juniperi Hartert.
same specimen was considered the type by Names published by V.G.L. van Someren
all of these workers. When the Rothschild have presented particularly thorny problems.
Collection was cataloged at AMNH, the Because van Someren often had large series
specimens with Rothschild type labels were ofspecimensofagiventaxonbearingsimilar
cataloged as types and segregated with the data and did not always designate types un-
other types in the AMNH type collection. ambiguously, and because the van Someren
4 BULLETIN AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY NO. 278
Collection has been dispersed among many shortened his title to Prince of Wied, as is
different museums, it is often difficult to be frequently done.Bibliographicreferencesare
certain which specimens are types and how alsotoWied,althoughhiswritingsaresome-
manymuseumsnowholdsyntypes.Indoubt- times listed as Wied-Neuwied. At AMNH,
ful cases, I have listed AMNH specimens as the collection is known as the Maximilian
syntypes. In cases where van Someren said Collection.
that a type was at Tring ((cid:53) in the Rothschild In this part of the type list, I have tried
Collection) and there is a specimen at when possible to list all of the specimens in
AMNH that came from the Rothschild Col- thetypeseriesthatareinAMNH.Sometimes
lection and bears the correct data, there are this is not possible, for both Rothschild
three possibilities: (1) there is only one such (whose collection was never cataloged until
specimen and it is the holotype, (2) there is after it came to AMNH) and Mathews
more than one specimen but Hartert unam- (whose partially cataloged collection was
biguously designated one the lectotype, or purchased by Rothschild) themselves pur-
(3)thereismorethanonespecimenandHar- chased collections, and there is often no in-
tert’s designation was not unambiguous. In dication as to when a particular collection
the latter case, I havedesignatedaslectotype was acquired. Thus, it is not necessarilysafe
the specimen on which Hartert tied the type to assume that a specimen collected early
label. There are also cases where van So- enough was in either of these collections
meren said that the type was in the Roths- when the name was published. Also, they
child Collection, but none of the specimens both exchanged specimens with each other
at AMNH from the Rothschild Collection and with other collections before the Roths-
bear exactly correct data. It seemsthatlabels childCollectioncametoAMNH.AMNHhas
may have been incorrectly attached in these also exchanged some of these specimens
cases, and I discuss them in the text. with other museums, and this is almost al-
A large part of the C.L. Brehm Collection ways notedintheAMNHcatalog.Inthefew
was purchased in 1897 by Rothschild. Har- cases where I was unable to find specimens
tert (1901a) published an introductoryarticle cataloged in AMNH, it is possible that ex-
about the history of the collection and later changesorre–identificationshavebeenmade
(Hartert, 1918b) published a list of the types without catalog notations.
hefoundinthepartpurchasedbyRothschild. The following acronyms are used in the
I have used Hartert’s careful study as a basis text: ANSP, Academy of Natural Sciences,
for the Brehm types listed here. After con- Philadelphia; BMNH, The Natural History
sulting the original descriptions, I have usu- Museum, Tring; FMNH, Field Museum of
ally accepted as lectotypes the specimens Natural History, Chicago; MCZ, Museum of
Hartert listed as types unless it was apparent Comparative Zoology, Harvard University,
from Brehm’s description that he had only Cambridge, MA; MNSG, Museo Civico di
one specimen ((cid:53) the holotype). Any ambi- Storia Naturale di Genova, Genoa; RMCA,
guities are discussed in the text. After the Royal Museum for Central Africa,Tervuren;
RothschildCollectioncametoAMNH,many USBGN, United States Board of Geographic
of the Brehm specimens were exchanged to Names, Washington, DC, Dept. of the Inte-
theZoologischesForschungsinstitutundMu- rior; USNM, National Museum of Natural
seum A. Koenig (ZFMK) in Bonn. Some of History, Washington, DC; WAM, Western
these specimens are syntypes or paralecto- Australian Museum, Perth; ZFMK, Zoolo-
types and need to be examined to determine gisches Forschungsinstitut und Museum A.
the name written on the label by Brehm. Koenig,Bonn;ZMB,Museumfu¨rNaturkun-
Most of the Brehm types are of names intro- de, Berlin.
duced by C.L. Brehm, but a few were intro-
duced by A.E. Brehm, his son. In the latter ALAUDIDAE
cases,Ihaveaddedhisinitialstothecitation.
Mirafra javanica timorensis Mayr
ForcommentsonAMNHtypesoftaxade-
scribed by Maximilian, Prince of Wied-Neu- MirafrajavanicatimorensisMayr,1944:154(Dilly,Ti-
wied,seeLeCroy andSloss(2000:3).Ihave morIsland).
2003 LECROY: TYPE SPECIMENS OF BIRDS. PART 5 5
Now Mirafra javanica timorensis Mayr, 1944. See rufous coloration of woodwardi, thus agreeing
White and Bruce, 1986: 297, and Dickinson et al., withMeesinhisassignmentofTabbaTabbabirds
2001a: 87. to woodwardi with intergradation towards halli.
Schodde and Mason (1999: 717) also discussed
HOLOTYPE: AMNH 307999, adult male, col- this area of intergradation.
lected at D´ıli, 08(cid:56)35(cid:57)S, 125(cid:56)35(cid:57)E (Times Atlas), The collecting date and locality are quite clear
Timor, Indonesia, on 22 April 1932, by Georg on the original label, and Whittell’s (1938: 322)
Stein (no. 4118). information concerning Tunney’s itinerary was
COMMENTS: The AMNH number was cited in derived from Tunney’s notebooks, loaned him by
the original description. Paratypes are AMNH family members. Thus the discrepancy in dates
345667–345676 and 556257–556260. AMNH remains a mystery.
345668, 345670, and 345673 were sent to ZMB
on 21 April 1955.
Mirafra javanica forresti Mayr and McEvey
Mirafra javanica subrufescens Mathews MirafrajavanicaforrestiMayrandMcEvey,1960:166
(ForrestRiver,N.W.A.).
Mirafra javanica subrufescens Mathews, 1912a: 426
NowMirafrajavanicaforrestiMayrandMcEvey,1960.
(North-WestAustralia(TabbaTabba)).
SeeSchoddeand Mason,1999:715, 717.
Now Mirafra javanica woodwardi Milligan, 1901. See
Mees,1962:49,andSchoddeandMason,1999:714. HOLOTYPE: AMNH 556386, adult male, col-
lected on the Forrest River, Western Australia,
HOLOTYPE:AMNH556350,female,collectedat Australia, on 31 August 1911, by Charles Price
Tabba Tabba, Western Australia, Australia, on 11
Conigrave (no. 85). From the Rothschild Collec-
September 1901, by John Thomas Tunney (no.
tion.
374).FromtheMathewsCollection(no.5191)via
COMMENTS: The AMNH number was given in
the Rothschild Collection.
the original description. No exact location along
COMMENTS: Mathews cited his catalog number the river is recorded on the label, but an account
in the original description. His catalog indicates
of the trip (Anonymous, 1912: 268) provides fur-
that he obtained this specimen from WAM; Tun-
ther information: ‘‘Forrest River was reached
ney was employed by WAM as a collector. In
about 20 miles fromits mouth, whereithadbeen
1901, he arrived at Port Hedland on 8 June and
arranged that a supply boat should call about the
on22JunevisitedLewisIsland.Hethencollected
middle of August. The boat duly put in an ap-
for a period on the de Grey and Strelley rivers
pearance,and,re-stockedwithprovisions,thepar-
and sailed for Derby, which he reached on 11
ty set out from the river at the end of August.’’
September (Whittell, 1954:724), the same day on
Johnstone (2001: 88) recognized only the sub-
which the holotype was collected. Mees (1962:
species M. j. horsfieldii in Western Australia.
49)calledattentiontotheproblemconnectedwith
the type locality, which he considered to be ‘‘15
Mirafra javanica nigrescens Mathews
miles south of Strelley and about 30 miles south-
eastofPortHedland’’.JohnstoneandStorr(1998:
MirafrajavanicanigrescensMathews,1912a:426(Eu-
420) listed Tabba Tabba Creek at 20(cid:56)20(cid:57)S,
reka,NorthernTerritory).
118(cid:56)53(cid:57)E, near the Strelley and de Grey rivers,
Now Mirafra javanica soderbergi Mathews, 1912. See
and the locality Tabba Tabba is also associated
Mathews,1921:137,andSchoddeandMason,1999:
withahomestead,mine,andwellinthesamearea
715, 717.
ofthePilbaraincentralnorthwestAustralia(Aus-
tralia 1:250,000 map series. Gazetteer, 1975, R. HOLOTYPE: AMNH 556315, male, collected at
Schodde, personal commun.). Mayr and McEvey Eureka, Northern Territory, Australia, on 10 Jan-
(1960: 161) placed Tabba Tabba south of the Fi- uary 1903, by John Thomas Tunney. From the
tzroy River, in the Kimberley Division, far to the MathewsCollection(no.5194)viatheRothschild
north, probably based on Whittell’s account; but Collection.
thereisnoTabbaTabbasouthoftheFitzroyRiver COMMENTS:TheMathewsCollectionnumberis
(R. Johnstone, personal commun.). cited in the original description.Mirafrajavanica
Given the date of collection of the holotype of nigrescens is preoccupied by Mirafra nigrescens
subrufescens and Tunney’s schedule as reported Reichenow,1900.Mathews(1921:137)proposed
by Whittell (1938: 324–325, 1954: 724), it is of Mirafra javanica so¨derbergi as a replacement
some interest to compare the holotype with spec- name. RudolfSo¨derbergwasaSwedish(notGer-
imens of woodwardi and halli. Such comparison man) ornithologist who collected in Australia in
shows the color overall to be intermediate be- 1910–1913 (Whittell, 1954: 675), and according
tween the two subspecies but closer to the richer to the Code (ICZN, 1999, Art. 32.5.2.1), diacrit-
6 BULLETIN AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY NO. 278
ical marks should be deleted from non-German waslistedasthetypebyHartert(1919:165),thus
words used as names of taxa. becomes the lectotype; its label bears only the
ThiscollectionbyTunneywasmadejointlyfor year 1905. The male paralectotype, AMNH
WAM and Lord Rothschild (Hartert, 1905c: 194; 556309,wascollectedatAlexandriainApril1905
Whittell,1954:724).Mathewsobtainedthisspec- by Stalker.
imen from WAM, and it later went to Rothschild It is not clear how these specimens came into
with his purchase of the Mathews Collection. In Mathews’ possession. In his description, Ingram
addition to the Tunney field label, this specimen (1906: 115) noted that the specimens he named
has Rothschild and Mathews type labels. were collected for his father, Sir William Ingram,
Eureka was placed by Mayr and McEvey at by Stalker. However, on 10 July 1909, Mathews
20–25milesSW((cid:53)SE?)ofDarwin.Tunneynot- exchangedtoRothschildthetypesofthetaxathat
edonthelabelofaEurekaspecimenofNeochmia werenamedinIngram’s1906paper(Rothschild’s
p. phaeton (AMNH 721876) that ‘‘this place is manuscript ‘‘Exchanges, etc.’’ in the Dept. ofOr-
four miles west of Mary R., and about 30 from nithology Archives), and on the reverse of one of
head waters of South Alligator R.’’ Storr (1977: thelabelsonthislectotypeisthenote:‘‘Received
108, 112) identified it as a former mine 33 km in exchange from G.M. Mathews.’’ The paralec-
ENE of Pine Creek at 13(cid:56)50(cid:57)S, 131(cid:56)50(cid:57)E, which totype is also from the Mathews’ collection, but
is consistent with Tunney’s note. wasnotexchangedatthattimeandprobablycame
to Rothschild with the purchase of the Mathews’
Mirafra javanica melvillensis Mathews collection.
In addition to the Stalker and type labels, this
Mirafra javanica melvillensis Mathews, 1912d: 102
lectotype also bears a yellow Mathews label in-
(MelvilleIsland,NorthernTerritory).
dicating it was illustrated in Mathews (1925–
NowMirafrajavanicamelvillensisMathews,1912.See
1927, pt. 4, p. 146 andpl.560),andasmalllabel
Schoddeand Mason,1999:715, 717.
with ‘‘Mus. Brit.’’ and ‘‘Seebohm Coll.’’ marked
HOLOTYPE: AMNH 556406, male, collected 10 out, on which is written the sex, iris color, and
mi.E.ofGordonPoint,MelvilleIsland,Northern ‘‘type’’. The number ‘‘826’’ that appears on the
Territory,Australia,on3June1912,byJohnPor- Stalker label is the number of this species inMa-
ter Rogers (no. 3580). Fromthe MathewsCollec- thews’ (1908) Handlist.
tion (no. 13605) via the Rothschild Collection. In much of the ornithological literature, this
COMMENTS:TheMathewsCollectionnumberis typelocalityisspelled‘‘Alexandra’’,butIngram’s
cited in the original description. This specimen (1907: 388) map and Stalker’s spelling make it
holds the following four labels: Rogers’ field la- clear that it is the Alexandria of modern maps,
bel, Mathews’ type label, yellow Mathews label 19(cid:56)03(cid:57)S, 136(cid:56)42(cid:57)E (Storr, 1977: 105).
indicating it was illustrated in Mathews (1925–
1927, pt. 4, p. 145 and pl. 559), and the Roths- Mirafra javanica normantoni
child type label. Mayr and McEvey
GordonPointissituatedonApsleyStraitatca.
MirafrajavanicanormantoniMayrandMcEvey,1960:
11(cid:56)30(cid:57)S, 130(cid:56)40(cid:57)E (see map in Campbell, 1834).
173 (Normanton,N.Q.).
Mathews (1914: 92) stated that ‘‘the only plains
Now Mirafra javanica rufescens Ingram, 1906. See
on [Melville Island] lie about 10 miles east of
Schoddeand Mason,1999:715, 717.
Gordon Point’’.
HOLOTYPE: AMNH 556264, adult male, col-
lected at Normanton, 17(cid:56)40(cid:57)S, 141(cid:56)05(cid:57)E (Times
Mirafra rufescens Ingram
Atlas),northernQueensland,Australia,on30No-
MirafrarufescensIngram,1906:116(Alexandriastation vember 1913, by Robin Kemp (no. 3570). From
in theNorthernTerritoryofSouthAustralia). the Rothschild Collection.
Now Mirafra javanica rufescens Ingram, 1906. See COMMENTS: The AMNH number was given in
Schoddeand Mason,1999:715, 717. the original description. Paratypes are AMNH
556263 and 556265–556283, all collected by
LECTOTYPE: AMNH 556403, female, collected
Robin Kemp at Normanton.
at Alexandria, Northern Territory, Australia in
1905,byWilliamStalker.FromtheMathewsCol-
Mirafra javanica queenslandica Mathews
lection via the Rothschild Collection.
COMMENTS: In the original description, Ingram Mirafra javanica queenslandica Mathews, 1912a: 425
(1906: 116)didnotgivethenumberorsexofhis (Inkerman,Queensland).
specimens, but later (Ingram, 1907: 414) listed a NowMirafra javanica horsfieldiiGould, 1847.SeePe-
maleandafemaleadult,bothnowatAMNH.The ters, 1960a: 7, and Schodde and Mason, 1999: 716–
female,whichbearstheRothschildtypelabeland 717.
2003 LECROY: TYPE SPECIMENS OF BIRDS. PART 5 7
HOLOTYPE: AMNH 556261, unsexed, collected 1903,byP.C.Zaphiro(no.2603).FromtheRoths-
at Inkerman, northern Queensland, Australia, on child Collection.
9 October 1907 by William Stalker (no. 362). COMMENTS: Zaphiro’s number was given in the
From the Mathews Collection (no. 3447) via the originaldescription.ParatypesareAMNH556947–
Rothschild Collection. 556956.
COMMENTS: The Mathews Collection number TheholotypewasfirstlabeledBilen,whichwas
wasgivenintheoriginaldescription.Thenumber marked out and Bouta or Bonta written in, pre-
‘‘823’’ that appears on the Stalker label refers to sumably by Zaphiro. The handwriting is difficult
the number of this species in Mathews’ Handlist tointerpret.Oneoftheparatypeswascollectedat
(1908). There are also Rothschild and Mathews Bilen ((cid:53) Unda Bilen, 09(cid:56)28(cid:57)N, 40(cid:56)19(cid:57)E, on the
type labels present. Awash River) on 6 June 1903, and Bonta Me¯da
There are two Inkermans in northern Queens- is at 09(cid:56)25(cid:57)N, 40(cid:56)15(cid:57)E (USBGN, Gazetteer of
land. Ingram(1908:460),whowroteonthebirds Ethiopia 1982). Thus, it seems that Bonta is the
collected by Stalker at Inkerman in 1907, placed correct interpretation of the collecting locality of
InkermanStation‘‘inlat.20(cid:56)Sbylong.147(cid:56)E... this holotype.
some fifty miles to the south-west [(cid:53) southeast]
of Townsville, and is about ten miles from the Mirafra africana tropicalis Hartert
banks of the Burdekin ...’’. This would be the
Mirafra africana tropicalis Hartert, 1900: 45 (Tropical
Inkerman listed in Storr (1984b: 183) as a settle-
EastAfricato Lakedistrictsand Uganda).
mentonthelowernortheastcoastalplain,nearthe
mouth of the Burdekin River, at 19(cid:56)45(cid:57)S, Now Mirafra africana tropicalis Hartert, 1900. See
147(cid:56)29(cid:57)E. Keithetal.,1992:23.
Mayr and McEvey (1960: 174) recognized M. LECTOTYPE: AMNH 556679, adult male, col-
j. queenslandica. Mathews (1930:822) synony- lectedatBukoba,01(cid:56)20(cid:57)S,31(cid:56)49(cid:57)E(TimesAtlas),
mized it with rufescens. Lake Victoria, Tanzania, on 6 April 1892, by Dr.
F. Stuhlmann. From the Rothschild Collection.
Mirafra javanica grisescens Hartert COMMENTS: Hartert (1900: 45), in describing
this taxon, gave the range as above, but did not
Mirafra javanica grisescens Hartert, 1905c: 237 (Swan designate a type or say how many specimens he
Hill,Victoria). examined.Hartert(1919:164)laterdesignatedthe
Now Mirafra javanica horsfieldii Gould, 1847. See above specimen the lectotype.
MayrandMcEvey,1960:177,andSchoddeandMa-
son,1999: 716,717. Mirafra africana athi Hartert
HOLOTYPE: AMNH 556298, adult male, col- MirafraafricanaathiHartert,1900:46(AthiPlain,Brit-
lectedatSwanHill,Victoria,Australia,on8April
ishEastAfrica).
1899, by Robert Hall. From the Rothschild Col-
Now Mirafra africana athi Hartert, 1900. See Keith et
lection.
al.,1992:23.
COMMENTS: This apparent lapsus on Hartert’s
part has been treated as a valid description and LECTOTYPE: AMNH 556741, adult male, col-
placed in the synonymy of M. j. horsfieldii by lected on 25 January 1899, on Athi Plain,
Mathews (1930: 821), Mayr and McEvey (1960: 01(cid:56)15(cid:57)S(cid:50)01(cid:56)35(cid:57)S, 36(cid:56)43(cid:57)E–37(cid:56)10(cid:57)E (Chapin,
177), and Peters (1960a: 7), without comment. 1954: 642), Kenya, by Dr. William John Ansorge
The original text reads: ‘‘We have also a male (no. 20). From the Rothschild Collection.
fromSwanHill,Victoria,whichispalerandgrey- COMMENTS:Notypewasdesignatedintheorig-
er than typical horsfieldi, very near to grisescens, inal description, with Hartert (1919: 164) desig-
but not quite like it.’’ Hartert (1906b: 755) con- nating the lectotype later. The original series of
sidered it a slip: ‘‘Instead of grisescens I meant specimens from Athi Plain that came to AMNH
to say pallida, as there is no such name as gris- consisted of one male (the lectotype) and two fe-
escens.’’ males (AMNH 556742 and 556743, paralecto-
types). Hartert (1900: 46) noted that ‘‘A young
bird,Nairobe,31.1.1899,evidentlybelongstothis
Mirafra hypermetra gallarum Hartert
same form.’’ This third paralectotype is AMNH
MirafrahypermetragallarumHartert,1907b:84(Bouta 556744.
[sic],HawashValley).
Now Mirafra hypermetra gallarum Hartert, 1907. See Mirafra africana dohertyi Hartert
Keithetal.,1992:24.
Mirafra africana dohertyi Hartert, 1907c: 93 (near the
HOLOTYPE: AMNH 556946, male, collected at Escarpment Station, at elevations of 6500 feet and
Bonta, Awash River, Ethiopia, on 7 (not 2) June higher,BritishEastAfrica).
8 BULLETIN AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY NO. 278
Now Mirafra africana athi Hartert, 1900. See Peters, HOLOTYPE: AMNH 308622, adult male, col-
1960a: 10,and Keithet al.,1992: 23. lected30kmsouthofDjambala,02(cid:56)32(cid:57)S,14(cid:56)43(cid:57)E
(Times Atlas), Congo (Brazzaville), on 29 Sep-
LECTOTYPE: AMNH 556716, adult male, col- tember 1942, by Dr. Rene´ Malbrant.
lected in February 1901, at 6500 ft above the Es-
COMMENTS:ChapincitedtheAMNHnumberin
carpment Station of the Uganda Railroad, Kenya,
theoriginaldescriptionandmentionedthathehad
by William Doherty.FromtheRothschildCollec-
three specimens of this form, in addition to the
tion.
holotype. Two were collected by Malbrant:
COMMENTS: Hartert did not designate a type in AMNH 308621, with the same data as the holo-
the original description. Doherty collected 10
type, was cataloged (but I did not find it), and
specimens of this form, all on the Escarpment at
AMNH 308623, a male collected at Osse´le´ on26
6500 ft and higher. Hartert (1919: 164) listed as
September 1942. Chapin alsohadonloanaspec-
lectotype an adult male specimen collected at
imen collected by Lynes at Kilembe; this speci-
6500 ft in February 1901. There are two speci-
men is RMCA no. 28137 (Louette et al., 2002:
mens fulfilling these criteria; however, because
27). These three specimens are paratypes.
AMNH 556716 is the specimen with the Roths-
child typelabelandevidentlytheoneintendedas
Mirafra africana kabalii White
the lectotype by Hartert, I hereby designate it the
lectotype, to eliminate the possibility of misinter- Mirafra africana kabalii White, 1943: 20 (Minyanya
pretingtheolderliterature.Theparalectotypesare plain, N.W. corner of Balovale district of Northern
the nine remaining Doherty specimens, AMNH Rhodesia,a fewmilesfromtheAngolaborder).
556717–556725. Now Mirafra africana kabalii White, 1944. See Keith
Hartert(1902d:620)describedthetypelocality et al.,1992: 23.
as about halfway between Nairobi and Naivasha,
on the eastern side of the Great Rift Valley and HOLOTYPE: AMNH 347437, adult male, col-
lected on the Minyanya plain, 13(cid:56)09(cid:57)S, 22(cid:56)23(cid:57)E
on the southern slopes of the Settima range. In
(R.J. Dowsett, personal commun.), NW corner of
October 1900 it was the terminus of the Uganda
Balovale district, Zambia, a few miles from the
Railway.Chapin(1954:661)gavethecoordinates
as 01(cid:56)01(cid:57)S, 36(cid:56)36(cid:57)E. Angola border, on 29 June 1943, by K. Muzeya,
for Charles M.N. White.
COMMENTS: Four of the six paratypes are in
Mirafra africana harterti Neumann
AMNH: AMNH 347436 and 347438–347440.
MirafraafricanahartertiNeumann,1908d:45(Kiboko
River,SouthUkamba). Mirafra africana transvaalensis Hartert
Now Mirafra africana harterti Neumann, 1908. See
MirafraafricanatransvaalensisHartert,1900:45(Rus-
Keithetal.,1992:23.
tenburg,Transvaal).
HOLOTYPE: AMNH 556709, adult male, col- NowMirafraafricanatransvaalensisHartert,1900.See
lected on 25 April 1898, on the Kiboko River, Keithetal.,1992:23.
Kenya, by Dr. William John Ansorge (no. 375).
From the Rothschild Collection. LECTOTYPE: AMNH 556644, adult male, col-
lected at Rustenburg, 25(cid:56)40(cid:57)S, 27(cid:56)15(cid:57)E (R.J.
COMMENTS:Althoughboththemaleandfemale
Dowsett, personal commun.), South Africa, in
were described by Neumann and the sex of the
February 1894byW.Ayres.FromtheRothschild
type was not given, it was said to have been col-
Collection.
lected by Ansorge and to be in the Rothschild
Collection, and wassoreportedbyHartert(1919: COMMENTS: In his original description, Hartert
did not specify a type other than by the locality,
164–165). This is the only Ansorge specimen of
Rustenburg. Two males and a female from Rus-
this taxon that came to AMNH with the Roths-
tenburg came to the AMNH with the Rothschild
child Collection.
Collectionandwouldhavebeensyntypes.Hartert
Kiboko, a station onthe‘‘UgandaRailwayand
(1919:165)alsodidnotunambiguouslydesignate
river north of Kibesi, Machakos’’ (Jackson and
Sclater,1938:xxx),isat02(cid:56)12(cid:57)S,37(cid:56)43(cid:57)E(Times a lectotype by adding the February collecting
date, as both males were collected in February.
Atlas).
The type labelisattached to AMNH556644,and
the field label is annotated in hand unknown
Mirafra malbranti Chapin
‘‘Type of Mirafra a. transvaal’’. Because it was
Mirafra malbranti Chapin, 1946: 7 (30 km. south of obviously Hartert’s intent that this specimen be
Djambala,FrenchCongo). the type and because it has been so considered
Now Mirafra africana malbranti Chapin, 1946. See since the form was named, I hereby designate
Keithetal.,1992:23. AMNH 556644 the lectotype in order to avoid
2003 LECROY: TYPE SPECIMENS OF BIRDS. PART 5 9
any possible future confusion with regard to the From the van Someren Collection via the Roths-
older literature. AMNH 556645, with the same child Collection.
data, and AMNH 556646, female, collected 20 COMMENTS:Intheoriginaldescription,thetype
August, 1894, thus become paralectotypes. Other was said to be in the Rothschild Museum and to
Transvaal specimens in the Rothschild Collection bear the above data. This was the only specimen
were collected after 1900. of kawirondensis that came to AMNH with the
Rothschild Collection.
Mirafra fischeri omoensis Neumann
[Mirafra longonotensis van Someren]
MirafrafischeriomoensisNeumann,1928:787(Lange-
TombaroanderGrenzevonKambattaundDjimma). AMNH 556814 has been considered the type
Now Mirafra rufocinnamomea omoensis Neumann, of this taxon, but this appears to have been an
1928. SeeKeithetal.,1992:29. error. In the original description, van Someren
(1919b: 57) said that the type was in the Roths-
HOLOTYPE: AMNH 269067, adult male, col- child Collection, an adult male collected at Nai-
lected at Lange-Tombaro ((cid:53) Tambaro Mt),
vasha on 7 June 1918. This is, indeed, the infor-
07(cid:56)12(cid:57)N, 37(cid:56)32(cid:57)E (R.J. Dowsett, personal com-
mation on the Rothschild type label, written in
mun.), Ethiopia, on 1 May 1925, by Oscar Neu-
van Someren’s hand. However, it appearsthatthe
mann. This specimen was among 53 specimens
label was tied on the wrong specimen, for the
purchased by Dr. Leonard C. Sanford from Neu-
original label data identify the specimen as an
mannandpresentedtoAMNHinDecember1929.
adultmalecollectedontheLoitaPlainson10July
COMMENTS: In addition to the single specimen 1918 by A. Blayney Percival for van Someren.
he collected, Neumann (1928: 787) mentioned a
When Hartert (1928: 201) listed the type of this
specimen in the Rothschild Collection collected
taxon, he gave the original label data correctly,
by Kovacz (Kova´cs) ‘‘inderLandschaftMarocco
without comment about the discrepancy, but re-
etwa 70–80 km nordnordo¨stlich meines Fund-
marked: ‘‘The description as a dark form fits the
orts’’ with a wing of 83 mm. AMNH 556583,
seven worn specimens collected by Doherty (cf.
adult male, collected at Maraco, southern Ethio-
Nov. Zool. 1922, p. 178) but the bird marked as
pia,on27April1915byM.Trofimoff(no.2765)
the type, from Loita, is very much lighter, and
with a wing of 83 mm is undoubtedly the speci-
agrees with one from Somaliland, collected by
men referred to and is the paratype. On the re-
Archer. This form requires further study, also its
verse of the Rothschild label is the following un-
relationship to the very reddish alopex!’’
signednote:‘‘omoensisNeum.butdoesnotagree
Van Someren (1919b: 58) stated that he had
withdescr.’’ThisspecimenwascatalogedasMir-
nine specimens and that there were seven addi-
afradegeni((cid:53)M.r.rufocinnamomea)andagrees
tional ones in the Rothschild Collection. He gave
with that subspecies. Two male specimens col-
the range as ‘‘the Loita Plains and the open pla-
lected by Kova´cs and also identified as Mirafra
teau in Naivasha and Nakuru Districts’’. AMNH
degeni came to AMNH with the Rothschild Col-
556814, the Loita Plains specimen listed above,
lection. AMNH 556584, immature, wing 86, and
and AMNH 556815, a male from Naivasha col-
AMNH 556585, adult, wing 89. In his remarks,
lected on 13 February 1919, are paratypes. There
Neumann (1928: 787)considered M. degeni‘‘nur
are nine Doherty specimens in AMNH from the
das gro¨ssere (cid:63) von Mirafra fischeri rufocinna-
Rothschild Collection, but two of these are not
momeaSalvad.,derschoanisch-hararischenRasse
fully adult. Thesevenadultspecimensreferredto
vonM.fischeri’’,undoubtedlyincludingthesetwo
by van Someren and Hartert, AMNH 556778–
largemalesinM.degeni,ashehadindeedlooked
556782, 556784, and 556785, all from ‘‘Escarp-
at Rothschild specimens as well as those in sev-
ment, B[ritish] E[ast] A[frica]’’, are also para-
eral other collections.
types. (For a description of this locality, see Mir-
afra africana dohertyi.) FMNH has three male
Mirafra fischeri kawirondensis van Someren specimenscollectedatNaivashainFebruary1919
(David Willard, personal commun.) and RMCA
Mirafra rufocinnamomea kawirondensis van Someren,
has one collected at Loita on 12 July 1918 (Lou-
1921b: 125 (Kisumu).
ette et al., 2002: 27); these four specimens are
Now Mirafra rufocinnamomea kawirondensis van So-
also paratypes.
meren,1921. SeeKeithetal.,1992:29.
Hartert noted (in van Someren, 1922: 3) that
HOLOTYPE: AMNH 556819, adult male, col- ‘‘6,490 specimens of the 15,000 on which this
lectedatKisumu,00(cid:56)03(cid:57)S,34(cid:56)47(cid:57)E(TimesAtlas), treatise is based are now in the Tring [(cid:53) Roths-
Kavirondo Gulf, Lake Victoria, Kenya, on 9 De- child] Museum, including nearly all the types.
cember 1917, by Dr. Victor G.L. van Someren. The rest has, for the time being, been taken back
10 BULLETIN AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY NO. 278
toNairobibyDr.vanSomeren.’’Apparently,after COMMENTS:Hartert(1907b:82)gaveEriksson’s
the type label had been tied on the wrong speci- field number for the holotype in the original de-
men, the actual holotype was included in the part scription.
of the collection that went back to Nairobi. This
part of the collection has been widely scattered Pyrrhulauda lacteidorsalis Shelley
and the holotype and two of the paratypes of this
Pyrrhulauda lacteidorsalis Shelley, 1903: 73 (Khar-
taxon remain to be found.
toum).
NowEremopterixleucotismelanocephala(Lichtenstein,
Mirafra gilletti arorihensis Erard
1823). See Peters, 1960a: 29, and Keith et al., 1992:
MirafragillettiarorihensisErard,1975:310(EilHuma, 111.
plaineArorih).
HOLOTYPE:AMNH558998,breedingmale,col-
NowMirafragillettiarorihensisErard,1975.SeeKeith lected at Khartoum, 15(cid:56)33(cid:57)N, 32(cid:56)35(cid:57)E(TimesAt-
et al.,1992: 38.
las), Sudan, on 25 November 1902, by Arthur L.
HOLOTYPE: AMNH 556931, adult male, col- Butler (no. 77). From the Rothschild Collection.
lected near Eil Huma, 3000 ft, Godi Arori, COMMENTS:Butler’sfieldnumberwasgivenfor
09(cid:56)17(cid:57)N, 45(cid:56)25(cid:57)E (R.J. Dowsett, personal com- the holotype in the original description.
mun.),Somalia,on17January1919,byGeoffrey
F.Archer(no.2124).FromtheRothschildCollec- Pyrrhulauda butleri Shelley
tion.
PyrrhulaudabutleriShelley,1903:73(TwentymilesW.
COMMENTS: The AMNH number of the holo-
of Omdurman).
type was cited in the original description.
NowEremopterixnigricepsalbifrons(Sundevall,1850).
SeePeters,1960a: 31,and Keithet al.,1992: 111.
[Mirafra erythroptera furva Koelz]
HOLOTYPE: AMNH 558975, adult male, col-
COMMENTS:Koelz(1951:2)apparentlyplanned lected 20 mi. W. of Omdurman, Sudan, on 2 Jan-
to deposit the type ofthis taxon atAMNH.How-
uary 1903, by Arthur L. Butler (no. 130). From
ever, this was never done, and the type is now
the Rothschild Collection.
FMNHno.246494(DavidWillard,personalcom-
COMMENTS:Butler’sfieldnumberwasgivenfor
mun.).
the holotype in the original description. This is
the same Arthur L. Butler who had previously
Certhilauda albofasciata obscurata Hartert been at the State Museum in Kuala Lumpur and
who had become Superintendent of the Wild An-
Certhilauda albofasciata obscurata Hartert, 1907b: 83
imals Department, Khartoum, Sudan.
(Bulu-Buluinthe Bihedistrict).
Omdurman is at 15(cid:56)37(cid:57)N, 32(cid:56)29(cid:57)E (Times At-
Now Chersomanes albofasciata obscurata (Hartert,
las).
1907).SeeKeithet al.,1992: 60.
HOLOTYPE: AMNH 554523, adult male, col- Melanocorypha elegans Brehm
lected at Bulobulo, 12(cid:56)05(cid:57)S, 17(cid:56)37(cid:57)E (Crawford-
Cabral and Mesquitela, 1989), Bie´ District, An- MelanocoryphaelegansBrehm,1855: 122 (Nubien).
gola, on 30 September 1904, by Dr. William An- Now Ammomanes cincturus arenicolor (Sundevall,
sorge (no. 143). From the Rothschild Collection. 1851).SeeHartert,1918b:19,andKeithetal.,1992:
COMMENTS: Ansorge’s field number was given 72.
for the holotype in the original description. Para- LECTOTYPE: AMNH 457687, collected at Abu
types are AMNH 554524–554533. Hamed, 19(cid:56)32(cid:57)N, 33(cid:56)20(cid:57)E (Times Atlas), Sudan,
on 30 August 1851, by Alfred E. Brehm. From
Certhilauda albofasciata erikssoni Hartert the Brehm Collection via the Rothschild Collec-
tion.
Certhilauda albofasciata erikssoni Hartert, 1907b: 82
COMMENTS: The above specimen was one of
(Okahokahana, on the Etosha Saltpan in Southern
five specimens from ‘‘Nubien’’ that had been
Ovampoland,GermanS.W.Africa).
identified in the AMNH catalog as Ammomanes
Now Chersomanes albofasciata erikssoni (Hartert,
deserti, each of which I examined. AMNH
1907).SeeKeithet al.,1992: 59.
457687 had originally been identified by Brehm
HOLOTYPE: AMNH 554540, sex unrecorded, as Melanocorypha isabellina, with isabellina
collected at Okahakana, 18(cid:56)52(cid:57)S, 15(cid:56)34(cid:57)E (Times marked out and replaced by elegans in Brehm’s
Atlas),neartheEtoshaPan,Ovamboland,Namib- hand.WhileBrehm(1855:122)listedthelocality
ia, on 25 July 1880, by Axel W. Eriksson (no. onlyas‘‘Nubien’’anddidnotindicatehowmany
2580). From the Rothschild Collection. specimenshehad,thisistheonlyonebearingthe
