Table Of Content©EntomologicaFennica.13March2012
Two new species of the genus Allochthonius Chamberlin
from China (Pseudoscorpiones: Pseudotyrannochthoniidae)
JunfangHu&FengZhang*
Hu,J.&Zhang,F.2011:TwonewspeciesofthegenusAllochthoniusChamber-
lin from China (Pseudoscorpiones: Pseudotyrannochthoniidae). — Entomol.
Fennica22:243–248.
TwonewpseudoscorpionspeciesofAllochthoniusaredescribed:Allochthonius
(Allochthonius)liaoningensissp.n.andA.(Urochthonius)brevitussp.n.The
latterrepresentsspeciesofthesubgenusAllochthonius(Urochthonius)foundin
Chinaforthefirsttime.
J. F. Hu, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002,
China;E-mail:[email protected]
F.Zhang(*correspondingauthor),CollegeofLifeSciences,HebeiUniversity,
Baoding,Hebei071002,China;E-mail:[email protected]
Received30November2011,accepted4January2012
1.Introduction brevitusalsorepresentsthefirstrecordofthesub-
genusAllochthonius(Urochthonius)fromChina.
The family Pseudotyrannochthoniidae Beier is
composed of five genera, Afrochthonius Beier,
Allochthonius Chamberlin, Centrochthonius 2.Materialandmethods
Beier, Pseudotyrannochthonius Beier and Sela-
chochthonius Chamberlin (Harvey 2011). Only The terminology used in this paper follows
twoofthem,AllochthoniusandCentrochthonius, Chamberlin (1931), Harvey (1992) and Judson
havebeenreportedfromChina.Allochthoniusis (2007). The setal formulae of the palpal femur
currently divided into two subgenera, Alloch- mainlyfollowsVachon(1941),butdiffersinthat
thonius (Allochthonius) and Allochthonius we divided the “ventral” into “posteroventral”
(Urochthonius),ofwhichtheformeriscomposed and “anteroventral” (rows in sequence anterior-
of12speciesandtwosubspecies(Harvey2011, anterodorsal-dorsal-posterodorsal-posterior-
Hu & Zhang 2011), and the latter includes two posteroventral-anteroventral).Theterm“rallum”
speciesandsixsubspecies(Harvey2011). (for flagellum) is adopted following Judson
Whileexaminingpseudoscorpionspecimens (2007).
collectedfromNingxiaHuiAutonomousRegion, Allspecimensarepreservedin75%alcohol,
Jilin and Liaoning provinces, China, we found andwereexaminedandillustratedusingaLeica
twoAllochthoniusspeciesbelongingtothesub- M165c stereomicroscope with a drawing tube,
genera Allochthonius (Allochthonius) and whichwasalsousedforthemeasurements.De-
Allochthonius (Urochthonius), respectively. tailedexaminationwascarriedoutwithaNikon
They are illustrated and described under the YS100 general optical microscope. Temporary
names A. (A.) liaoningensis sp. n. and A. (U.) slidemountsweremadeinglycerol.Allmeasure-
brevitus sp. n. in this paper. Allochthonius (U.) mentsaregiveninmm.Thespecimensaredepos-
244 Hu&Zhang (cid:127) ENTOMOL.FENNICAVol.22
Fig1.Allochthonius
(Allochthonius)
liaoningensissp.n.
–a.Malehabitus
(dorsalview).–b.
Femalehabitus(dor-
salview).
ited in the Museum of Hebei University males(MuseumID#Ps.-MHBU-LN11082202–
(MHBU),BaodingCity,China. 11082203),samedataasforholotype.Onemale
The following abbreviations are used in the (Museum ID # Ps.-MHBU-LN11082301) and
text for the trichobothria: b = basal; sb = sub- three females (Museum ID # Ps.-MHBU-
basal;st=sub-terminal;t=terminal;ib=interior LN11082302–11082304), Liaoning Province,
basal;isb=interiorsub-basal;ist=interiorsub- Qingyuan County, 42º03’N 124º27’E, 23.VIII.
terminal; it = interior terminal; eb = exterior 2011,ChaoZhangleg.Onemale(MuseumID#
basal;esb=exteriorsub-basal;est=exteriorsub- Ps.-MHBU-LN11081401)andonefemale(Mu-
terminal; et = exterior terminal; dx = duplex seumID#Ps.-MHBU-LN11081402),JilinPro-
trichobothria.6–4,18referstocarapacalchaeto- vince,BaishanCity,JiangyuanCounty,42º02’N
taxy:carapacewith18setae,anteriormarginwith 127º06’E,14.VIII.2011,ChaoZhangleg.Three
6setaeandposteriormarginwith4setae. females (Museum ID # Ps.-MHBU-LN1108
2302–11082304), Jilin Province, Huadian City,
JiapigouTown,42º51’N127º31’E,8.VIII.2011,
3.Taxonomy ChaoZhangleg.
Diagnosis. This species is characterized by
3.1.SubgenusAllochthonius(Allochthonius) the retrorse teeth on the chelal movable finger,
andtheshapeofthecoxalspinespresentoncoxae
Allochthonius(Allochthonius)Chamberlin:Mo- I, each blade having a central spine terminally
rikawa, 1960: 98; Harvey, 1991: 132; Hu & that is distinctly expanded into a fan-shaped
Zhang,2011:2168–2169. structure,allsituatedonacommontubercle(Fig.
2h).
Allochthonius (Allochthonius) liaoningensis sp. Description. Body deep yellowish brown,
n.(Figs.1–2) cheliceraeandpalpsreddishbrown(Fig.1).
Carapace (Fig. 2a) subquadrate and slightly
Typematerial.Holotypemale(MuseumID#Ps.- shorterthanbroad(0.91–0.94timesinmalesand
MHBU-LN110822): China, Liaoning Province, 0.84–0.87 times in females), carapace slightly
Xingbin County, 41º57’N 124º26’E, 22.VIII. constricted posteriorly; anterior eyes with well
2011,ChaoZhangleg.Paratypes:onemale(Mu- developedtapetaandsituatedontubercles,poste-
seum ID # Ps.-MHBU-LN11082201), two fe- rioreyeswithlessdevelopedtapetathananterior
ENTOMOL.FENNICAVol.22 (cid:127) TwonewspeciesofPseudoscorpions 245
Fig2.Allochthonius
(Allochthonius)liao-
ningensissp.n.–a.
Malecarapace(dorsal
view).–b.Maleright
chelicerae(dorsal
view).–c.Maleleft
palp(minuschela,dor-
salview).–d.Maleleft
chela(lateralview).–e.
Femalegenital(ventral
view).–f.Malegenital
(ventralview).–g.Male
legI(lateralview).
–h.Malecoxalspines
onlegI(ventralview).
–i.MalelegIV(lateral
view).
eyesandnotsituatedontubercles;epistomeab- chaetotaxy, 4: 6: 8–10: 8–9: 10–11: 10–11: 10–
sent, space between median setae straight or 11: 11–12: 9–11: 6–7: TT: 0; anterior genital
slightlyrecurved;chaetotaxy10–4–4–2–4(24). operculum(Fig.2e)with10setae,posteriormar-
Male tergal chaetotaxy, 4: 6: 7–8: 8: 10–11: gin with 25 marginal setae; sternal chaetotaxy:
11: 12–13: 11–12: 10–11: 7–9: TT: 0; anterior 20:16–17:16–17:15–16:14–15:12–14:9:0:2;
genitaloperculum(Fig.2f)with8setae,genital setaeP5,I4–5,II5–7,III6,IV7.CoxaeIeach
openingpit-likeinthebasalhalf,9–10marginal with 8 spines, arranged on a common tubercle
setaeoneachside;sternalchaetotaxy:21–26:18– (Fig.2h).
20:17:16–17:15–18:14–15:14:12:0:2;coxae Cheliceral (Fig. 2b) palm with 6 setae, of
typical,setaeP5,I5,II6,III6–7,IV7;intercoxal whichaminuteoneislocatedlaterally;palmwith
tubercle present with two setae. Female tergal moderatehispidgranulationinteriorlyandlater-
246 Hu&Zhang (cid:127) ENTOMOL.FENNICAVol.22
ally.Fixedfingerwith4teeth,ofwhichthebasal
andsubapicalteethlargeandwithtwosmallteeth
betweenthem;movablefingerwith18relatively
small acute teeth of equal length; spinneret ab-
sent. Serrula exterior with 17–18 lamellae,
serrula interior with 15 lamellae. Rallum com-
posedof12bladeswithfinebarbules,ofwhich
theposteriorbladeisshorterthanothers.
Palp (Figs. 2c–d) smooth, femur 1.64–1.73
timeslongerthancarapace,setalformula9–4–6–
5–9–1–1; chelal finger straight in dorsal view;
fixed finger with 20 teeth, the basal 4 teeth
smaller than theothers;movablefinger with 20
retrorseteeth,allofwhichnearlyequallengthand
smaller, with asmalltuberclenear theteeth be-
tweentrichobothriasbandb.
Legs (Figs. 2g, 2i) typical. Femur of leg I
1.55–1.67timeslongerthanpatella,tarsus2.00–
2.20 times longer than tibia, setae of leg I
(trochantertotibia)5:13:12:14,setaeoflegIV
Fig3.Allochthonius(Urochthonius)brevitasp.n.
(trochantertometatarsus)3:2:10:15:12;patel-
–Femalehabitus(dorsalview).
laeoflegsIIIandIVeachwith5setaeindorsal
row; femur III and IV without dorsal setae;
trochanter II with 5 setae, trochanter III with 3
setae. Leg IV with 2 tactile setae present on 1.45×0.33–0.34 (4.26–4.39), palm length 0.46–
metatarsus(TS=0.21)andtarsus(TS=0.19). 0.50 (1.39–1.47), movable finger length 0.85–
Measurements(inmm,ratiosinparentheses). 0.88(1.76–1.85×palm).LegIfemur0.45–0.50×
Male. Body length 2.00–2.13. Carapace 0.50– 0.11–0.12 (4.09–4.17), patella 0.30–0.32×0.09–
0.51×0.53–0.56 (0.91–0.94). Chelicera 0.50– 0.10 (3.20–3.33), tibia 0.26–0.27×0.07–0.08
0.53×0.23–0.24 (2.17–2.21), movable finger (3.38–3.71),tarsus0.50–0.55×0.05–0.06(9.17–
length 0.25–0.29. Palpal trochanter 0.25×0.15– 10.00); leg IV femur+patella 0.75–0.80×0.27–
0.17 (1.47–1.67), femur 0.82–0.88×0.16–0.17 0.28 (2.78–2.86), tibia 0.55–0.60×0.11–0.12
(5.13–5.18),patella0.30–0.35×0.15–0.16(2.00– (5.00), metatarsus 0.28–0.30×0.08–0.09 (3.33–
2.19), chela 1.28–1.30×0.27–0.28 (4.64–4.74), 3.50),tarsus0.55–0.58×0.06–0.07(8.29–9.17).
palmlength0.45–0.48(1.67–1.71),movablefin- Etymology.Thisspeciesisnamedforthetype
gerlength0.77–0.80(1.67–1.71×palm).LegIfe- locality.
mur 0.45–0.50×0.10–0.11 (4.50–4.55), patella Distribution.China(Jilin,Liaoning).
0.29–0.30×0.09–0.10 (3.00–3.22), tibia 0.25× Remarks.Thisspeciesdiffersfromtheother
0.06–0.07 (3.57–4.17), tarsus 0.50–0.55×0.05– members of the subgenus Allochthonius
0.06 (9.17–10.00); leg IV femur+patella 0.70– (Allochthonius) in having retrorse teeth on the
0.73×0.25–0.26 (2.80–2.81), tibia 0.55×0.10– chelalmovablefinger.
0.11 (5.00–5.55), metatarsus 0.25–0.28×0.08
(3.13–3.50),tarsus0.52–0.55×0.05–0.06(9.17–
10.4). 3.2.SubgenusAllochthonius(Urochthonius)
Female. Body length 1.95–2.13. Carapace
0.52–0.53×0.60–0.63 (0.84–0.87). Chelicera Allochthonius (Urochthonius) Morikawa, 1954:
0.55×0.28 (1.96), movable finger length 0.30. 80;Morikawa,1960:101;Harvey,1991:133.
Palpal trochanter 0.25–0.26×0.16–0.17 (1.53–
1.56), femur 0.95–0.98×0.17–0.18 (5.44–5.59), Allochthonius (Urochthonius) brevitus sp. n.
patella 0.33–0.38×0.17–0.18 (1.94–2.11), chela (Figs.3–4)
ENTOMOL.FENNICAVol.22 (cid:127) TwonewspeciesofPseudoscorpions 247
Fig4.Allochthonius
(Urochthonius)brevita
sp.n.Holotypefe-
male.–a.Carapace
(dorsalview).–b.
Rightchela(lateral
view).–c.Rightpalp
(minuschela,dorsal
view).–d.Right
chelicera(dorsalview).
–e.Genitalarea(ven-
tralview).–f.Coxal
areasoflegs(ventral
view).–g.LegIV.
Type material. Holotype female (Museum ID # shorter than broad (0.95 times) and constricted
Ps.-MHBU-NX100731): China, Ningxia Hui posteriorly,chaetotaxy6–4–2–2–2(26);without
AutonomousRegion,LiupanMountain,35º20’N eyesoreyespots;chaetotaxyoftergites:2:6:7:8:
106º20’E,31.VII.2010,DongshengHuleg. 9:8(2submediantactilesetae):8(2submedian
Diagnosis.Thenewspeciesdiffersfromthe tactilesetae):7(2submediantactilesetae):6(2
otherspeciesofAllochthonius(Urochthonius)in submediantactilesetae):5:2:0;setaeP3,I4,II4,
thestoutpalpandcoxalspinespresentoncoxaeI III4,IV5;coxaeIeachwith5spines,allofwhich
consistingof6tridentateblades,thecentralone arranged on a common tubercle (Fig. 4f),
ofeachbladeterminallydistinctlyspatulate(Fig. intercoxal tubercle present with 2 setae; genital
4f). operculum(Fig. 4e) with 8 setae, chaetotaxy of
Description.Bodylightyellowish,chelicerae sternites:13:15:15:14:15:12:8(2submedian
andpalpreddish,carapaceandtergitesstrongyel- tactile setae + 2 lateral tactile setae): 4 (2
lowishbrown(Fig.3).Carapace(Fig.4a)slightly submediantactilesetae+2lateraltactilesetae):2.
248 Hu&Zhang (cid:127) ENTOMOL.FENNICAVol.22
Cheliceralpalm(Fig.4d)with6setae,fixed timesinA.(U.)ishikawaiMorikawa,1954andA.
fingerwith14teeth,ofwhichthedistaltoothis (U.)biocularisMorikawa,1956).Inaddition,A.
larger than the others, movable finger with 20 (U.)biocularishasonepairofelevatedandvesti-
teethofequallength;spinneretabsent,serrulaex- gial eyes, whereas eyes are absent from A. (U.)
terior 19 lamellae, serrula interior 14 lamellae, ishikawaiandA.(U.)brevitus.Allochthonius(U.)
rallumcomposedof11anteriorlydentateblades, ishikawai has 5 setae on the cheliceral palm,
5inonerowand6inanotherrow. whileA.(U.)brevitushas6setae.
Palpalfemur(Fig.4c)chaetotaxy:7–2–3–5–
1–1–0;fixedchelalfingerwith20pointedteeth Acknowledgements.ThisworkgreatlybenefitedfromDr
of equal length, the basal two shorter than the HidebumiSato(TsurumiGirls’SeniorHighSchool)for
kindlydonatingvaluableliterature.Wearealsogratefulto
others;movablefingerwith17marginalteethand
therefereesfortheirvaluablecommentsonthetext.Many
the basal two shorter, between the eighth and
thanksarealsogiventoDrDongshengHuandChaoZhang
ninthwithatubercle(Fig.4b);trichobothriumsb whocollectedthespecimens.Thisworkwassupportedby
indistinctlynearerbthanst,itandestatleveloft, theNationalNaturalScienceFoundationofChina(Nos.
lineib-isb-eb-esb-istclusteredatthebaseoffixed 31071885,30970325,31093430).
finger.
Leg I femur 1.50 times longer than patella, References
tarsus1.80timeslongerthantibia.LegIV(Fig.
4g) with two tactilesetaepresent on metatarsus Chamberlin,J.C.1931:ThearachnidorderChelonethida.
—StanfordUniversityPublications,UniversitySeries
(TS=0.30)andtarsus(TS=0.32).
(Biol.Sci.)7:1–284.
Measurements(inmm,ratiosinparentheses).
Harvey,M.S.1991:CatalogueofthePseudoscorpionida.
Body length 1.88. Carapace 0.48/0.50 (0.96). —ManchesterUniversityPress,Manchester.Pp.1–
Chelicera0.43/0.23(1.87),movablefinger0.20. 726.
Palpal trochanter 0.18/0.13 (1.38), femur 0.58/ Harvey,M.S.1992:Thephylogenyandclassificationof
the Pseudoscorpionida (Chelicerata: Arachnida). —
0.15(3.87),patella0.25/0.13(1.92),chela0.98/
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0.23 (4.26), palmlength 0.30/0.23 (1.30), mov-
Harvey,M.S.2011:PseudoscorpionsoftheWorld,ver-
able finger length 0.65. Leg I femur 0.30/0.08 sion2.0.—WesternAustralianMuseum,[wwwdocu-
(3.75), patella 0.20/0.08 (2.50), tibia 0.20/0.08 ment]. URL http://www.museum.wa.gov.au/catalo-
(2.50),tarsus0.35/0.05(7.00);legIVfemur+pa- gues/pseudoscorpions.(Sitevisitedon27November,
2011)
tella 0.60/0.30 (2.00), tibia 0.38/0.10 (3.80),
Hu,J.F.&Zhang,F.2011:Descriptionofthreenewspe-
metatarsus 0.18/0.08 (2.25), tarsus 0.35/0.08
cies of the genus Allochthonius Chamberlin, 1929
(4.38). (Pseudoscorpiones:Pseudotyrannochthoniidae)from
Etymology.Thespecificnameisderivedfrom China.—JournalofThreatenedTaxa3:2167–2176.
theLatinword“brevitas”meansshortness,refer- Judson,M.L.I.2007:Anewandendangeredspeciesofthe
pseudoscorpiongenusLagynochthoniusfromacave
ringtotheshapeofpalpalfemur.
inVietnam,withnotesonchelalmorphologyandthe
Distribution. China (Ningxia Hui Autono-
composition of the Tyrannochthoniini (Arachnida,
mousRegion). Chelonethi,Chthoniidae).—Zootaxa1627:53–68.
Remarks. The subgenus Allochthonius Morikawa,K.1954:OnsomepseudoscorpionsinJapane-
(Urochthonius)iscomposedoftwospeciesand se lime-grottoes. — Memoirs of Ehime University
(2B)2:79–87.
sixsubspecies,allfromJapan.Thenewspecies
Morikawa,K.1956:CavepseudoscorpionsofJapan(I).—
Allochthonius (Urochthonius) brevitus sp. n.,
MemoirsofEhimeUniversity(2B)2:271–282.
collectedfromNingxiaHuiAutonomousRegion, Morikawa, K. 1960: Systematic studies of Japanese
represents the first record of Allochthonius pseudoscorpions. — Memoirs of Ehime University
(Urochthonius) from mainland Asia. It differs (2B)4:85–172.
Vachon,M.1941:ChthoniustetrachelatusP.(Pseudoscor-
fromtheotherAllochthonius(Urochthonius)spe-
pions)etsesformesimmatures(1renote).—Bulletin
ciesinhavingastouterpalpalfemora(3.87times
duMuséumnationald’Histoirenaturelle,Paris(2)13:
as long as broad, compared with more than 5 442–449.
