Turning Down the Heat: The Politics of Climate Policy in Affluent Democracies

315 Pages·2008·1.41 MB·English

by  Hugh Compston

Turning Down the Heat
AlsobyHughCompston
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(editedwithStefanBerger)
HANDBOOKOFPUBLICPOLICYINEUROPE:Britain,FranceandGermany
(edited)
KINGTRENDSANDTHEFUTUREOFPUBLICPOLICY
AlsobyIanBailey
NEWENVIRONMENTALPOLICYINSTRUMENTSINTHEEUROPEANUNION
Turning Down the Heat
The Politics of Climate Policy in Affluent
Democracies
Editedby
Hugh Compston
and
Ian Bailey
Editorialmatter,selection,introductionandconclusion©HughCompstonand
IanBailey2008
Allremainingchapters©respectiveauthors2008
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2008 978-0-230-20204-7
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Firstpublished2008by
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ISBN 978-0-230-20205-4 ISBN 978-0-230-59467-8 (eBook)
DOI 10.1057/9780230594678
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managedandsustainedforestsources.Logging,pulpingandmanufacturing
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AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary.
LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData
Turningdowntheheat:thepoliticsofclimatepolicyinaffluent
democracies/editedbyHughCompstonandIanBailey.
p. cm.
Includesindex.
1. Climaticchanges—Politicalaspects. 2. Climaticchanges—
Environmentalaspects. 3. Environmentaljustice. 4. Greenhouse
gases—Environmentalaspects. 5. Climaticchanges—International
cooperation. I. Compston,Hugh,1955– II. Bailey,Ian,1965–
QC981.8.C5T872009
363.738(cid:2)74—dc22 2008030135
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 09 08
Contents
ListofTables vii
ListofBoxandFigures viii
MainAbbreviations ix
Acknowledgements xi
NotesontheContributors xii
Introduction 1
HughCompstonandIanBailey
Part I Context
1 ClimatePolicy:IssuesandOpportunities 15
TerryBarker
2 PoliticalSciencePerspectivesonClimatePolicy 33
GaryC.Bryner
3 TheInternationalDimensionofClimatePolicy 48
DeborahDavenport
Part II Analysis
4 TheEuropeanUnionandthePoliticsofMulti-LevelClimate
Governance 65
ChadDamroandDonaldMacKenzie
5 FederalClimatePoliticsintheUnitedStates:Polarization
andParalysis 85
PaulR.BrewerandAndrewPease
6 HotAirandColdFeet:TheUKResponsetoClimateChange 104
IreneLorenzoni,TimO’RiordanandNickPidgeon
7 France:TowardsanAlternativeClimatePolicyTemplate? 125
JosephSzarka
v
vi Contents
8 GermanClimatePolicyBetweenGlobalLeadershipand
MuddlingThrough 144
AxelMichaelowa
9 ConflictandConsensus:TheSwedishModelofClimate
Politics 164
LarsFriberg
10 PrometheanismandtheGreekEnergyZugzwang 183
IosifBotetzagias
11 FacinguptotheGreenhouseChallenge?Australian
ClimatePolitics 202
IanBaileyandSamMaresh
12 ExplainingtheFailureofCanadianClimatePolicy 223
DouglasMacdonald
13 ClimatePolicyintheUSA:StateandRegionalLeadership 241
AllisonM.ChatrchyanandPamelaM.Doughman
Part III Conclusions
14 PoliticalStrategyandClimatePolicy 263
HughCompstonandIanBailey
Index 289
List of Tables
1.1 Sectoralpolicies,measuresandinstrumentsthatare
environmentallyeffectiveinrespectivesectorsin
nationalcases 27
2.1 Classifyingenvironmentaldiscourses 36
4.1 TheEuropeanClimateChangeProgramme 68
5.1 ViewsofCongressionalDemocratsandRepublicanson
climatechange 94
5.2 USpublicopiniononclimatechange,byeducationand
party 95
6.1 KeyUKandEUclimatepolicyinstruments 106
6.2 TimelineofkeyUKandinternationalclimatechange
policiesandevents 110
7.1 EmissionscalculationsintheFrench2004–2012Climate
Plan 133
8.1 Germanemissionstargetssince1990 146
8.2 Developmentofrenewableelectricitygenerationin
Germany(TWh) 151
8.3 Germanemissions1990–2005(milliontonnesCO
2
equivalent) 154
10.1 Greekpoliciesandtargetstocurbemissions(EUtarget
for2008–2012,+25percentcomparedto1990base
year) 185
10.2 Ligniteenergy/electricitycontribution:energy
greenhousegasemissions 186
11.1 MainelementsoftheNationalGreenhouseStrategy 205
11.2 State-basedmandatoryemissionsreductionschemes 208
11.3 Australiangreenhousegasemissions1990–2005
(MtCO e) 209
2
12.1 KeydatesinCanadianclimatepolicy 225
13.1 Statepoliciesonclimatechange,asofMarch2008 243
vii
List of Box and Figures
Box
4.1 KeyfeaturesoftheEUemissionstradingscheme 70
Figures
9.1 KeySwedishdevelopmentstatistics,1960–2002 165
9.2 Swedishsectoralgreenhousegasemissions2005 166
13.1 Regionalinitiativestoaddressclimatechangeinthe
USA 247
viii
Main Abbreviations
Thefollowinglistprovidesasummaryofthemainabbreviationsusedin
thebook.Country-specificabbreviationsarenotgenerallyincludedhere
for reasons of conciseness, but are explained at the appropriate points
inthetextand/orthereferences.
ACEA EuropeanAutomobileManufacturersAssociation
AGBM AdHocGroupontheBerlinMandate
AGE WorkingGrouponEmissionsTradingtoCombatthe
GreenhouseEffect
AOSIS AssociationofSmallIslandStates
APEC Asia-PacificEconomicCooperation
APP Asia-PacificPartnershiponCleanDevelopmentandClimate
AWG AdHocWorkingGrouponFurtherCommitmentsfor
AnnexIpartiesundertheKyotoProtocol
EUBSA EUBurden-sharingagreement
BTU BritishThermalUnit
CBA Cost–benefitanalysis
CCS Carboncaptureandstorage
CDM CleanDevelopmentMechanism
CET CleanEnergyTarget
CO carbondioxide
2
CO e carbondioxideequivalent
2
COP ConferenceoftheParties
CRES CentreforRenewableEnergySources
EAP EnvironmentalActionProgramme
EEA EuropeanEnvironmentAgency
ETR Ecologicaltaxreform
ETS EmissionsTradingScheme
EU EuropeanUnion
GDP GrossDomesticProduct
GEF GlobalEnvironmentFacility
GW gigawatts
g/km grammesperkilometre
HFCs hydrofluorocarbons
ICSU InternationalCouncilofScientificUnions
ix