TUESDAY MORNING, 27 JUNE 2017 BALLROOM B, 8:00 AM TO 9:00 AM Session 3aIDa ...

113 Pages·2017·2.82 MB·English

TUESDAYMORNING,27JUNE2017 BALLROOMB,8:00A.M.TO9:00A.M.
Session3aIDa
Interdisciplinary:KeynoteLecture
KeynoteIntroduction—8:00
InvitedPaper
8:05
3aIDa1.Hearingasanextremesport:Underwaterears,infratoultrasonic,andsurfacetotheabyss.DarleneR.Ketten(Otology
andLaryngology,HarvardMed.School,BostonUniv.andHarvardMed.School,Boston,MA6845,[email protected])
Ithasbeenarguedthat“hearing”evolvedinaquaticanimals.AuditoryprecursorsexistinfossilAgnathaandcephalopodstatolithic
organs,buthow/when/whydidadedicatedacousticreceptor,thetrueprimordialear,firstappear?Didhearingariselinearlyorindepend-
ently,inparallel,inandoutofthewater?Modernaquaticspecieshaveanextraordinaryrangeofauditorysystems,fromsimplepressure
receptorstocomplexbiosonarsystems.Whatdrivesthisbreadthof“hearing”?Vertebrateearsreflectselectivepressures.Whilevision,
touch,taste,andolfactionareimportant,onlyhearingisubiquitous.Evennaturalmutes,likegoldfishandseaturtles,listen.Earscapture
passiveandactivesoundcues.Auditorystructures,honedbyhabitandhabitat,delimitspeciesabilitiestodetect,analyze,andactonsur-
vivalcues.Cochleae,fromshrewstobatstowolvestowhales,evolvedfromtheessentialpapillaofstemreptiles,elongating,coiling,
increasingincomplexitythatenhancedfrequencydiscrimination,butwithheadstunedtothephysicsofsoundintheirmedia.Air-water
parallelsevolved:ultrasonicecholocatorsandmassiveinfrasonicspecialists.Theearthenisawindowintotheevolutionarypush-pull
drivenbythreetasksthatshapedtheseveralthousandelementspackedintoeveryauditorysystem:feed,breed,andsurviveanotherday.
TUESDAYMORNING,27JUNE2017 ROOM206,9:15A.M.TO12:20P.M.
Session3aAAa
ArchitecturalAcoustics:RetrospectontheWorksofBertramKinzeyI
GaryW.Siebein,Cochair
SiebeinAssociates,Inc.,625NW60thStreet,SuiteC,Gainesville,FL32607
DavidLubman,Cochair
DLAcoustics,14301MiddletownLn.,Westminster,CA92683-4514
Chair’sIntroduction—9:15
InvitedPapers
9:20
3aAAa1.ProfessorBertramY,Kinzey,Jr.,mentor,scholar,practitioner,artist,andcolleague.GaryW.Siebein(SiebeinAssoc.,
Inc.,625NW60thSt.,Ste.C,Gainesville,FL32607,[email protected])
ProfessorBertramY.Kinzey,Jr.,hadsignificantimpactsontheshapeofarchitecturalacousticstodaythroughhisteaching,profes-
sionalpractice,research,andservice.HeinfluencedseveralgenerationsofstudentsatVirginiaTechandtheUniversityofFloridawhere
hedevelopedinnovative,laboratory-basedcoursestoteacharchitectsaboutacousticsandotherenvironmentaltechnologysubjects.At
Florida,heinitiatedgraduatecourseworktoallowstudentstospecializeinEnvironmentalTechnologyandlaterarchitecturalacoustics
3660 J.Acoust.Soc.Am.,Vol.141,No.5,Pt.2,May2017 Acoustics’17Boston 3660
aspartoftheprofessionalMasterofArchitecturecurriculum,withathesisinacousticsinaddition.Histeachingwasbasedonideas
expressedinhislandmarktextbook,EnvironmentalTechnologiesinArchitecturethatwaspublishedasaprimerintheartandscienceof
sustainabledesignin1963,over50yearsaheadofitstime.Hisstudentsenteredtheprofessionwithideasofsustainability,integrating
serious,graduatelevelresearchintotheirdesignwork,groundedbytheexperiencesthatBertbroughttotheclassroomfromhispractice
whereheconsultedonmostofthemajorbuildingsbuiltinFloridafromthe1960suntilhisretirementmanyyearslater.Theacoustical
richnessofthebuildingsthatheworkedonsoundsclearlyinallofthecitiesandtownswhereheworked!
9:40
3aAAa2.Contrapuntaldesign:TheinfluenceofBertramY.Kinzey,Jr.,onarchitecturalpedagogyattheUniversityofFlorida.
MartinA.Gold(Architecture,Univ.ofFlorida,231ARCH,Gainesville,FL32611-5702,mgold@ufl.edu)
BertramKinzeyintroducedmodesofanalysis,conceptualization,andexploration,asadedicatedandproductiveresearcher,author,
teacher,architect,consultant,andmusicianthatweretransformativeandcontinuetoreverberateinternationallythroughtheworkofhis
students.Bert’sinsightfultheoreticalandpracticalrelationshipsbetweenmusic,acoustics,andarchitectureweredrawnfromhisreflec-
tiveapproachtoteachingandrefinedthroughactivepractice.Perhapsfoundationaltohiseducationalcontribution,ishisinterestandtal-
entasanorganistandorganbuilderleadingtohisuseof“contrapuntal”todescribetheinteractionofmusicandarchitecture—new
notesoverlappingthoselingeringinthespaceandtimeofreverberance.Overlapping,independent,yetharmonizingelementsmightalso
describeBert’sapproachtoarchitecturaldesignasatheoreticalconstruct;anintegrativeprocess;andasameasureofgreatarchitecture.
Contrapuntalthinkingiswellknowninliteratureandmusicbutisjustemerginginarchitecture.Bertintroducedthisimportantidea—
amongmanyothersattheUniversityofFlorida—throughhiswritingsandtenureasaUFprofessor.ThispaperdiscussesBert’s‘contra-
puntalthinking’andthesubsequentinfluenceonarchitecturaleducationthrougharecentgraduatestudioprojectforanewartsparkand
concerthallforthecommunityofSarasota,Florida.
10:00
3aAAa3.Alivingexample—Anattitudetowardssustainableliving.WeihwaChiang(VicePresidentOffice,NationalTaiwanUniv.
ofSci.andTechnol.,43KeelungRd.Section4,Taipei106,Taiwan,[email protected])
Asustainablebuiltenvironmentaimsforminimizingenvironmentalimpactwhilemaintaininghealthyliving.TheAcousticsand
EnvironmentalTechnologyprogramsstartedbyProfessorBertramY.Kinzey,Jr.,attheUniversityofFloridawereestablishedwith
architecturedesignintegrationinmind.TheprogramsandProfessorKinzey’sinfluencewerenotlimitedtothebooksandtheoriesbut
alsotothelivesofhisstudents.Hisremarkablework,BaileyHallatBrowardCommunityCollege,theUniversityAuditoriumrenova-
M
tionatUFandclassroomarevaluablememoriestostudentswhosatinthemdailyfordecades.Hispassivedesignsignaturehousein
A
Gainesvilleisanotherunforgettableinspirationforstudents.Itwaswherehesuccessfullyappliedsustainabledesignconceptsandtheo-
riesinrealityintheearly1960s.Theseareevidenceofhowheinspiresstudentsbyhislifeasasolidpractitioneraswellasamodern E.
U
“Renaissanceman.”DespitehisretirementfromUF,hisinfluencehasbeenpassingonandspreadaroundtheworldcontinually.His T
pass-throughguidancehasbeenfollowedinteaching,research,designandplanningprojectswithaholisticapproach.Itnotonlyperuses a
3
technicalexcellencewiththoughtfulsocial-economicconcernsbutheavilyrelieson“Kinzeian”humanityandattitudeforsustainable
livingandarchitecture.
10:20
3aAAa4.Theshapeofsound.HyunPaekandGaryW.Siebein(SiebeinAssoc.,Inc.,625NW60thSt.,Ste.C,Gainesville,FL32607,
[email protected])
TheworkofBertramY.Kinzey,Jr.,hasinfluencedgenerationsofarchitecturestudentsandacousticianstovisualizethesoundsthat
becometheacousticsignatureofaperformanceorrehearsalspace.Hisresearchandpracticehasshapedspaceswehearandlistenin.
Throughtheshapingofspace,musicandspeechareenhancedandoptimizedbytheadditionofeachcurve,angle,planes,thatbecome
theuniquecharacterofthespace.Thesoundscreatedonstagesoftheaters,concerthalls,worshipplatforms,orlecternsarereflected,
directed,andpropagatedtoenhancetheexperienceofthelistener.Strivingtoachievetheperfectimpulseresponse,wehavelearned
fromBertramKinzeythattheacoustician’sworkisnotunliketheworkofasculptor,aninteriordesigner,oranarchitect.Eachsurface
andeachtextureonthesurfacehasapurposeandameaningtoitsexistence.
10:40–11:00Break
11:00
3aAAa5.BertKinzey,teacher,andcollaboratorindesign.WilliamW.Brame(606NEFirstSt.,Gainesville,FL32601,b.brame@
brameheck.com)
Asbothhisstudentandhisclient,IhaveknownBertKinzeysince1971.In1973IstartedmycareerinGainesville,andrecentlyretiredas
theseniorpartnerofthe106yearoldfirmknownasBrameHeckArchitects,Inc.Frommyearliestdaysupuntil2004whenBertmovedaway
toVirginia,IhadthepleasureofretainingBerttoserveasourarchitecturalacousticsconsultantonawidevarietyofprojects.Theseprojects
includedmusicroomsforeducationalfacilities,conferencecenters,worshipcenters,andmulti-purposefacilitiesthatrequiredexcellentacous-
ticsregardlessofwhatwastakingplaceinthespace.Evertheteacher,hewouldexplainhisrecommendationsandsolutionstoeachsituation
insuchawaythatI(andourclients)understoodboththeacousticaltheoryandtheresultingphysicalmanifestationsthatwerebeingincorpo-
ratedintothefacility.WewouldroutinelyseekBert’sexpertiseforassuringthatournewfacilitieswereproperlydesignedtoisolatemechani-
calorenvironmentalsounds.And,ifaclienthadanexistingfacilitythatneededtoremedysuchnoises,hewouldperformfieldtestingand
explorevariousoptionstosolvethoseproblems.Bertisatruegentlemanandmasterofhisprofession.
3661 J.Acoust.Soc.Am.,Vol.141,No.5,Pt.2,May2017 Acoustics’17Boston 3661
11:20
3aAAa6.StudyingwithProfessorBertramY.Kinzey,Jr.,intheUniversityofFlorida,SchoolofArchitectureEnvironmental
TechnologiesOptionanditsimpactonmyprofessionalcareer.BrunoE.Ramos(BEAArchitectsInc.,3075NWSouthRiverDr.,
Miami,FL33142,[email protected])
ProfessorKinzeywasinstrumentalinthecareersofmanyprofessionals.Hechallengedstudentsdaily,pushedustothink“outside
thebox”andconsideredtheintegrationofsustainabledesignprinciplesinbuildingslongbeforeLEEDeverexisted.Irecallhimsaying
“theoldtestsareinthelibrary,youmaygoandreviewthem...asit’smyjobtotestyourknowledgeindifferentways.”Heencouraged
hisstudentstogaintheknowledgeandexperiencetoderivetheanswers.Thescalemodelswebuilttomeasureandstudyacousticsand
lightingwithinspacesalsoinfluencedmyprofessionalcareer.Weappliedthosesameconceptsinmarinearchitectureusinga“Kinzey
type”solutionbybuildingascalemodeltodeterminetherequirementsandforceneededtohaulalargebargeoutofshallowwater.
Lastly,IampersonallygratefultoProfessorKinzeyforstimulatingthepursuitofexcellenceinhisstudentswhichhelpedmetopassthe
A.R.E.andLEEDlicensing,ataveryyoungage,inmyfirstattempt.ProfessorKinzeyhashadalifetimeofsignificantworkinAcous-
ticsandhasinfluencedthousandsofstudentsinaprofoundmanner.
11:40
3aAAa7.AnappreciationoftheeducationalachievementsofBertKinzey.EdwardG.Clautice(GlobalBuildings,JacobsEng.,1100
NorthGlebeRd.,Arlington,VA22201,[email protected])
TheaimofthispaperistodescribetheachievementsofBertramKinzeyinthefieldofacousticswithinarchitecturaleducation.Bert
Kinzey’sabilitytobridgeengineeringandarchitectureisofparticularnotetothepersonalexperienceoftheauthor.WithBert’spersonal
effortsthattheUniversityofFloridawasabletobeginacceptingstudentsintotheprogramwhodidnothaveatraditionalundergraduate
degreeinarchitecture.AsthefirststudenttomatriculateintotheGraduateSchoolofArchitectureattheUniversityofFloridafromthis
categorytheauthorowesagreatdealofhispersonalcareertoBertKinzey.BertleadtheEnvironmentalTechnologiesoptionatthe
School,whichbroughttheartofmusic,theartofarchitectureandtheengineeringofappliedtechnologyintoacombinationwhichhas
enrichedtheprofession(*).ThestudyofconcerthallarchitectureandacousticshasbenefitedgreatlyfromBert’sleadershipwhereacous-
ticalmodelingandauralizationcanstandbesidetraditionalvisualtechniquesinthefieldofarchitecturalmodeling.
12:00
3aAAa8.Spreadingacousticstoarchitectureprograms.SangBumPark(SchoolofArchitectureandEng.Technol.,FloridaAandM
Univ.,1938SouthMartinLutherKingJr.Blvd.,Tallahassee,FL32307,[email protected])
EnvironmentalTechnologyisoneoftheimportantcorecoursesinanarchitectureprogram.Itprovidesarchitecturalstudentswith
basicphysicalprinciplesinthermodynamics,acoustics,lighting,andindoorairqualityandarchitecturaldesignfactorsthataffectthose
environmentalqualities.Thiscourseistheonlychannelforthearchitecturalstudentstobeexposedtoacousticaleducationandresearch,
unlesstherearemaster’sdegreeprogramsassociatedwithacousticsattheschool.ProfessorBertramKinzey,Jr.,wasthefirstonewho
plannedandstartedtheenvironmentaltechnologyandarchitecturalacousticsprogramintheSchoolofArchitectureatUF.Sincethen,
UFhasbeencontributingasaproducerofacousticaleducatorsandresearchers.TheauthortaughtdiscussionsessionsofEnvironmental
Technology asa graduateteachingassistant between2008and2012at UF, whilehe conductedacoustical researchfor hisdoctoral
degree.HeisnowspreadingtheacousticaleducationtotheSchoolofArchitectureandEngineeringTechnologyatFAMUwhereprevi-
ouslytherewasnofacultyoracousticalresearcherswithacousticalbackgroundsthroughcoursessuchasEnvironmentalSystemsin
ArchitectureandArchitecturalAcoustics.Healsoprovidesthedesignstudioswithacousticalworkshopsandhelpsthesisstudentswhose
designpriorityliesinenvironmentallysustainablebuildings.
3662 J.Acoust.Soc.Am.,Vol.141,No.5,Pt.2,May2017 Acoustics’17Boston 3662
TUESDAYMORNING,27JUNE2017 ROOM208,9:20A.M.TO12:00NOON
Session3aAAb
ArchitecturalAcoustics:RoomAcousticsDesignforImprovedBehavior,Comfort,andPerformanceII
NicolaProdi,Cochair
Dept.ofEngineering,UniversityofFerrara,viaSaragat1,Ferrara44122,Italy
KennethP.Roy,Cochair
BuildingProductsTechnologyLab,ArmstrongWorldIndustries,2500ColumbiaAve.,Lancaster,PA17603
InvitedPapers
9:20
3aAAb1.S&N-SLight:Ananthropicnoisecontroldevicetoreducethenoiselevelindenselyoccupiedspacesencouragingperso-
nalcontrolofvoice.SonjaDiBlasio,GiuliaCalosso,GiuseppinaE.Puglisi,GiuseppeVannelli(Dept.ofEnergy,PolitecnicodiTorino,
CorsoDCdegliAbruzzi,24,Torino10129,Italy,[email protected]),SimoneCorbellini(Dept.ofElectronicsandTelecommuni-
cations,PolitecnicodiTorino,Turin,Italy),LouenaShtrepi,MarcoC.Masoero(Dept.ofEnergy,PolitecnicodiTorino,Torino,Italy),
andAriannaAstolfi(Dept.ofEnergy,PolitecnicodiTorino,Turin,Italy)
Recently,inmanyfieldsrelatedtoenvironmentalquality,suchasthermalandvisualquality,thetendencyistocustomizethecom-
fortaccordingtotheuser’sneeds.Atailoredcomfortzoneisplannedinpublicspaces,inwhichoccupantscansettheirowncomfort M
levelwithpassiveoractivesystems.Inthiscontext,thereductionofnoiseduetoanthropicsourcescanbeseenasapriority.Indensely A
occupiedspaces,suchasclassrooms,workplaces,restaurants,andoutdoorspaces,thenoiseduetouserschattinghasadetrimentaleffect E.
uponperformance,health,andenvironmentalquality.ThisstudyreportsapplicationsofS&N-SLight,Speech&NoiseStop-Light,a U
patentedsmartphonometricdevicewithawarninglightactivationofexceedingofpredeterminedanthropicsoundlevelslimits,which T
encouragespersonalvoicecontrolthroughvisualfeedback.Thelightactivation,withgreen,yellow,andredcolor,isbasedonanadapt- a
3
ivealgorithmthataccountsforpre-definedstatisticalnoiselevels;therefore,accidentalnoiselevelscanbefiltered.Thedevicehasbeen
usedinclassrooms,restaurants,andurbansquares.ResultsindicateadecreaseofnoiselevelswithS&N-SLight,especiallywhenthe
occupantsreceivedtrainingaboutthedevicebenefits.
9:40
3aAAb2.Designingtriangulardiffusersforarchitecturalacoustics.TrevorJ.Cox(Acoust.Res.Ctr.,TheUniv.ofSalford,Newton
Bldg.,SalfordM54WT,UnitedKingdom,[email protected])andPeterD’Antonio(ChesapeakeAcoust.Res.Inst.LLC,Bowie,
MD)
Pyramidsandwedgescanbeusedtochangehowsoundisreflectedinconcerthallsandotherperformancespaces.Simplegeometric
acoustic models can explainthe reflection behavior when the wavelengthof soundis small compared tothe dimensions ofthe faces.
Dependingontheanglebetweenadjacentsurfaces,considerabledispersion,moderatediffusion,orspecularreflectioncanresult.Therewill
beabandwidthwheregeometricmodelsareinaccuratebecausediffractionwillbesignificant.Consequently,thisstudyuses2DBoundary
ElementMethods(BEMs)toovercomethewavelengthlimit.Itisassumedthattheunderstandingfrom2Dtrianglescanbegeneralizedto
3Dsurfacessuchaspyramids.Anumericaloptimizationprocessisusedtodesignarraysoftriangles,examiningtheeffectofdepth,asym-
metry,andperiodicity.Theperformanceforshallowanddeepsurfaceswillbepresentedfordifferentincidentsoundfields.
ContributedPapers
10:00 undergroundstation.Thisarticlewillintroducethewholeprocessofdesign
andscalemodeltestfortheceramicHelmholtzresonantcavity.
3aAAb3. The research of ceramic as sound absorption material in
undergroundspace.HuiLiandXiangYan(Acoust.LabofArchitecture 10:20–10:40Break
School, Tsinghua Univ., Main Bldg., Rm. 104, Beijing, Beijing 100084,
China,[email protected])
10:40
Beijing-ZhangjiakouHighSpeedRailwillbe completedat theendof
3aAAb4. Enhancement of bass frequency absorption in fabric-based
2019. Badaling Station, the only underground station in this line, is the
absorbers.JonasSchira(SalesManagerAcoust.,GerrietsGmbH,ImKirch-
deepesthighspeedrailstationinChinawithadepthof102m.Theplatform
enh€urstle5-7,Umkirch79224,Germany,[email protected])
andtransforminghallarebothnarrowspaces,whichmeansacoustictreat-
mentis necessary forthesakeofspeecharticulation. Takingfireproofing, VariableAcousticshasbecomeanimportanttopicintheacousticdesignof
waterproofing,longlasting,cultureandvisualeffectintoconsideration,ce- multi-purposevenuesbutalsoinclassicalconcerthallsandoperahouses.Vary-
ramic is the most and only appropriate material being used in the ing the reverberation time in the middle and high frequencies can easily be
3663 J.Acoust.Soc.Am.,Vol.141,No.5,Pt.2,May2017 Acoustics’17Boston 3663
achievedbyusingfabric-basedabsorberslikecurtainsorrollbanners.When availablearebasedonthephasegratingdiffusersorSchroeder-typediffus-
usingfabric-basedabsorbers,theproportionallylowabsorptioncapabilityinthe ers.However,insomeparticularcases,thevisualappearanceoftheacoustic
bassfrequenciesbelow400Hzcanbechallengingwhenplanningamulti-pur- conditioningoftheroomwithQRDsisconsideredbyarchitectstobeunaes-
posefacility.Afullrangevariablesystemwouldprovideagreattooltoconsul- theticorvisuallyunattractiveinmodernspaces,andthus,othergeometrical
tantsandarchitects.Doublelayerrollbannersystemswithahighlyabsorbing forms of the diffusive surfaces or elements need to be customized and
fabricaremostlyinstalledfreelyhanginginfrontofthewall.Researchshowsa explored. The optimization of the diffusers’ design has been a topic of
significant enhancement of the bass frequency absorption if the fabric is in- intenseresearchinthelastyears.Inthispaper,theauthorsproposeanalter-
stalledinanenclosedhousing.Thispaperwillexaminethefundamentalprob- native technique to define new shapes of sound diffusion configurations,
lemoflowbassabsorptioncapabilitybutwillalsoshowthemeasurementdata basedontheuseofradialbasisfunctions(RBF).Inaddition,toallowthe
andtechnicalsolutionforthedescribedproblem. definitionofoptimalsurfaceshapesforagivenfrequencyband,agenetic
algorithmisused.Thediffusioncoefficientiscomputedwithintheoptimi-
11:00
zationprocedureusingtheKirchoffintegralequation.Asetofapplication
3aAAb5.Noiseinsulationofacurtainwallfornaturalventilation.Jean- resultsarepresentedanddiscussedandexperimentalevaluationofthedif-
Philippe Migneron, Andre Potvin, and Jean-Gabriel Migneron (School of fusersisperformedinasimplifiedsemi-anechoicroom(toevaluatediffusiv-
Architecture,Univ.Laval,1,cotedelaFabrique,PQCity,QCG1K7P4, ity)accordingtoISO17497-2inordertocomparethenumericalresults.
Canada,[email protected])
11:40
The growing interest in natural or hybrid ventilation systems brings a
challengeforgoodintegrationofopeningsinbuildingfac¸ades.Inanoisy 3aAAb7.Rezonatoreffectsofstudentcabinetsusedinclasses.FilizB.
environment, there is a major limitation for the use of direct openings in Kocyigit (Architecture, Atilim Univ., incek, Ankara 06560, Turkey, fil-
common building envelopes. As a part of a research project dedicated to [email protected])
thisproblem,itispossibletoevaluatetheimpactofacurtainwallthatcould
beaddedtogetadoubleskinfac¸ade.Experimentalmeasurementsmadein Achieving acoustic comfort in high school is of great importance for
laboratory conditions lead to the estimation of usual noise reduction and increasingthequalityofeducation.Duetothehighnumberofstudentsin
soundtransmissionclass.Theairflowatconstantdifferentialpressurewas classrooms,canteens,cafeterias,andcorridors,thevoicesofyounggirlsand
assessed as a function of the aperture and compared to sound insulation. youngmenareintense.Apartfromthat,HVACsystems,lightingfixtures,
Analyzingthoseparameterstogethergiveusefulinformationforthedesign announcement systems, and electronic devices increase the background
ofpassiveventilationwithasignificantairflowwhenacousticperformance soundlevelandstudentscommunicatewitheachotherwithahighersound
is an important issue.This paper aimsto detail performancesof common pressurelevel.Theconditionsofuseofthetrainingareasrequirehygiene
curtainwallassemblies. andmaterialsresistanttovandalism.Thisnecessitatestheuseofhardand
smooth material, which increases the RT of the interior spaces. Different
11:20 methodsarebeingsoughtforensuringthevalueofRTrequiredtoincrease
D50,C80,andS/Nlevelinstudent-student-teachercommunicationinclass-
3aAAb6.Designandoptimizationofthesounddiffusersusingradialba-
rooms.Forthispurpose,differentschoolswereobservedindifferentsizes,
sis functions-based shapes and genetic algorithms. Ricardo Patraquim,
coveredwithdifferentmaterialsandinteriormaterials,andRT,EDT,D50,
LuisGodinho,andPaulo AmadoMendes (ISISE,Dept.CivilEng.,Univ.
and C80 measurements, Lmax, Lmin, and Leq measurements were made.
ofCoimbra,DEC/FCTUC-RuaLuisReisSantos,Coimbra3030-788,Por-
Thestudiesshowthatcircularandrod-shapedopeningswithventilationpur-
tugal,[email protected])
poseinthestudentcupboardsusedinthespaceshowswallowingcharacter-
Sounddiffusersare a commontechnicalsolutionused in thelast four isticsatlowfrequenciesandtheyareworkingasarezonator.Inthisstudy,
decadesforconditioningperformanceroomswithgreateracousticrequire- samplesfromdifferentclassroomsandfactorsaffectingindoorsoundqual-
ments. A significant number of the acoustic diffusers commercially itywereevaluated.
3664 J.Acoust.Soc.Am.,Vol.141,No.5,Pt.2,May2017 Acoustics’17Boston 3664
TUESDAYMORNING,27JUNE2017 ROOM207,9:20A.M.TO12:00NOON
Session3aAAc
ArchitecturalAcoustics:AcousticRegulationsandClassificationofNewandRetrofittedBuildingsII
BirgitRasmussen,Cochair
SBi,DanishBuildingResearchInstitute,AalborgUniversityCopenhagen,A.C.MeyersVænge15,
CopenhagenSV2450,Denmark
JorgePatricio,Cochair
LNEC,Av.doBrasil,101,Lisbon1700-066,Portugal
DavidS.Woolworth,Cochair
OxfordAcoustics,356CR102,Oxford,MS38655
ContributedPapers
9:20 Thepaperwillpresentthesetupinthetestsuite,andtheresultsofthestudy
willbepresentedinarangeofacousticparameters,D ,STC,R’ andbe
3aAAc1.Determining“reasonable”levelsofsoundinsulationindomes- nT,w w
assessedagainstarangeofcountriescurrentstandards.
ticpropertiesforuseinbuildingregulations.RichardG.Mackenzie,Nic-
ola Robertson (RMP Acoust., Edinburgh Napier Univ., 42 Colinton Rd., 9:40
Edinburgh,ScotlandEH105BT,UnitedKingdom,[email protected]. M
3aAAc2. A strategy for sustainable acoustic classification scheme of
uk),andSeanSmith(Inst.forSustainableConstruction,EdinburghNapier A
dwellings.MiomirMijic(SchoolofElec.Eng.,Univ.ofBelgrade,Bulevar
Univ.,Edinburgh,UnitedKingdom) KraljaAleksandra73,Belgrade11000,Serbia,[email protected]),Aleksandar E.
U
The Scottish Building Regulations, similar to other countries regula- Milenkovic,DanicaBoljevic(Acoust.Lab.,InstitutIMS,Belgrade,Serbia), T
tions, provide standards for the protection of occupants health. Minimum andDraganaSumarac Pavlovic (Schoolof Elec.Eng.,Univ.of Belgrade, a
sound insulation standards are provided to control noise passing through Belgrade,Serbia) 3
walls and floors from neighboring properties. In Scotland, the minimum
ThenewlegislationinSerbiaforsoundinsulationinbuildings,currently
standard should provide adequate protection for a “reasonable” person
inpreparation,shouldintroduceforthefirsttimeanationalimplementation
from “normal” living activities. This paper presents the findings of a
ofdwellings’acousticclassification.Therearesomestructuralsystemsand
research study undertaken by Edinburgh Napier University, to assess the
buildingtypologythatarecommoninexistinghousingstock.Someofthem
levelofsoundinsulationthattestsubjectswoulddeemtobe“reasonable”
are causedbyseismicdemandsandsomebyarchitects’routines.Allthat
forarangeofnoisesourcespassingthroughavarietyofconstructiontypes.
introducedrealisticallyaccessiblerangeofapparentsoundreductionindex
ThestudyundertakenwithintheUniversitiesauralizationsuiteassessedthe
valuesatdifferentpositionsinexistingbuildings.Toachieveasustainable
responses involving over 100 participants subjected to common domestic
classificationschemeinpreparednewlegislationtheanalysisofsoundinsu-
noisesourcespassingthroughseparatingstructures.Theparticipants were
lation in existing buildings were performed and implications of possible
given the ability to adjust the source noise level for each source type to
boundary values between different classes on the housing stock acoustic
determine the level of noise from their neighbor they would consider
score were analyzed. Based on such approach, the suggestions concerned
“reasonable”totolerate.Theparticipantsdeterminationswerecorrelatedto
withtheclassificationschemeandclasslimitsarepresented.
theequivalentsoundinsulationforeachsourceandconstructionassessed.
InvitedPapers
10:00
3aAAc3.AcousticregulationsandclassificationofvarioustypesofbuildingsintheNordiccountries.SteindorGudmundsson(Ver-
kisConsultingEngineersLtd.,Ofanleiti2,ReykjavikIS-103,Iceland,[email protected])
It is relatively well known that in the NordicCountries,there arenational classification standardsfor dwellings,and oneof the
classes(classC)isreferredtointhebuildingregulationsasminimumacousticquality.InNorway,Iceland,andSweden,therearealso
nationalacousticclassificationstandardsfordifferentothertypesofbuildings,andinNorwayandIceland,classCisreferredtoasmini-
mumacousticqualityinthebuildingregulationsforthesebuildingsaswellasfordwellings.InSweden,theacousticqualityforthese
buildingsisrecommended,butnotmandatory.Inthepaper,thedifferenttypesofpremisesforworkincludedinthestandardsaredis-
cussedwithexamplesofsomeoftheacousticdemands.Theregulatedbuildingsincludeschools,kindergardens,hospitals,andnursing
institutions.Hotelsandofficesarealsoincluded,andalsotheminimumsoundabsorptionandmaximumnoiselevelsinrestaurants,cul-
tural,andsportsbuildingsandmanyotherdifferentpremisesforwork.Sometimesitisdecidednottouseonlytheminimumdemands,
definedbyclassC,buttousethebetterqualitydefinedbyclassB(orevenclassA).
3665 J.Acoust.Soc.Am.,Vol.141,No.5,Pt.2,May2017 Acoustics’17Boston 3665
10:20–10:40Break
10:40
3aAAc4.Experienceobtainedduringthetenyearsofthesoundclassificationpracticaluseforregulationbuildingacousticsin
Lithuania.AleksandrasJagniatinskis,BorisFiks,andMariusMickaitis(VilniusGediminasTech.Univ.,Linkmenu28,Vilnius08217,
Lithuania,[email protected])
Advantagesofapplicationthesoundclassificationschemeswereforeseeninthetwoapplications.Inthelegalregulation,thescheme
expressesintheusersfriendlyandeasyunderstandableformprotectionagainstnoiserequirementsforthebuildings.Theschemeisalso
atoolfordesignertoadvicecriteriaofthesuitableacousticcomfortinpremisesandalsotolabelbuildingsaccordingacousticquality.
ClassificationschemeimplementedinLithuaniacomprisefiveacousticcomfortclasses—A,B,C,D,andE.Acousticalrequirements
expressedbytheCsoundclasslimitvaluescorrespondtotheatleastacceptableacousticcomfortlevel.Thelowest(worst)soundclass
isEandcompriselimitvaluescorrespondingtotheacousticalcomfortlevelinoldbuildingserectedundersoundinsulationrequirements
existedbefore.Bythisreason,thestepinlimitvaluesbetweendifferentclassescannotbepermanentanddependsfromthechangesin
acousticaldemandsduringthetime.Forenforcement,legalrequirementsexpressedthroughmandatorysoundclassCfornewdwellings
andEforrenovatedbuildingsfrom2007pre-completingtestingbecomemandatory.Inthisapproach,moreimportantbecomesaguide-
lineforverificationofcompliancewithanacousticclass.
11:00
3aAAc5.RevisionoftheSwedishsoundclassificationschemeforpremises.KristerLarsson(Bldg.Technology/Sound&Vibrations,
RISERes.InstitutesofSweden,Box857,BorasSE-50115,Sweden,[email protected])
TheSwedishbuildingcodeputsrequirementsonnoiseprotectioninnewbuildings.Forresidentialbuildings,minimumrequirements
aregivendirectlyinthebuildingcode,anddemandsforbetteracousticqualityaregiveninasoundclassingschemeaccordingtothe
SwedishStandardSS25267,whichhasbeenrevisedin2015.Forpremises,suchasoffices,schools,orhotels,thebuildingcodedoes
notcontainspecificquantifiedminimumrequirementsontheacousticproperties,butreferinsteadtothesoundclassingstandardSS
25268fortabulatedvalues.SoundclassCcorrespondstotheminimumrequirementsfornewbuildings,anddemandsforbetteracoustic
qualityaregivenaccordingtoclassBorclassA.Thesoundclassingstandardforpremises,SS25268,iscurrentlyunderrevision,and
duringthelastyears,theneedsforchangesandupdateshavebeencollectedincooperationwithstakeholdersandexperts.Thepaper
presentsthemotivationsfortherevisionandthestatusofthework.Ideasformajorrevisionsarebeingdiscussedsuchassuggestionsfor
improvedroomacousticrequirementsinschools,aswellassoundinsulationandacousticcomfortinopenplanoffices.
11:20
3aAAc6.Apilotstudyonacousticregulationsforofficebuildings—ComparisonbetweenselectedcountriesinEurope.BirgitRasmus-
sen(SBi,DanishBldg.Res.Inst.,AalborgUniv.Copenhagen,A.C.MeyersVænge15,CopenhagenSV2450,Denmark,[email protected])
AcousticregulationsorguidelinesforofficebuildingsarefoundinseveralcountriesinEurope.Themainreasonistoensuresatisfac-
toryacousticworkingconditionsforthevarioustasksandactivitiestakingplaceinthemanydifferentkindsofroomsinsuchbuildings.
Examplesofroomtypesareoffices,meetingrooms,open-planoffices,corridors,receptionareas,diningareas,allwithdifferentacoustic
needs.Somecountriesspecifyafewacousticlimitvaluesonly,whileothersdefineseveraldifferentcriteria,guidelinesonly,oracombina-
tionofrequirementsandguidelines.Asapilotstudy,comparisonbetweenrequirementsinselectedcountriesinEuropehasbeencarried
out.Thefindingsshowadiversityoflimitvaluesforacousticrequirements.Thepaperincludesexamplesofrequirementsforreverberation
time,airborneandimpactsoundinsulation,noisefromtrafficandfromserviceequipment.Examplesofguidelineswillalsobepresented.
Thediscrepanciesbetweencountriesarebeingdiscussed,andsomeprioritiesforadjustingacousticregulationswillbegiven.Inadditionto
asetofregulationsorguidelines,somecountrieshaveofficebuildingsincludedinnationalacousticclassificationstandardswithdifferent
acousticqualitylevels.Thepaperwillindicateexamplesofsuchclassificationcriteriaforcomparisonwithacousticregulations.
ContributedPaper
11:40 possibledifferencesofacousticinsulationonaresidentialfac¸adeovertime,an
experimental study was developed in LNEC. The experimental work was
3aAAc7.Acousticbehavioroffacades:Acousticisolationversusairper-
basedonasetofacousticandairpermeabilitytestsconsideringseveralopen-
meability. Diogo M. Ferreira (Engenharia Cvil, Faculdade de Ci^encias e ingareas,between0,5cm2and250cm2,inagiventestwindow.Theresults
TecnologiadaUniversidadedeLisboaFCT-UNL,RuadoCasal,n(cid:2)291(cid:2)B,
obtainedallowtoevaluateinwhichdirectionthesoundinsulationversusair
Cac(cid:2)em2735-354,Portugal,[email protected])
permeability can parameterize the performance of the facades of buildings,
Today,theacousticcomfortofdwellingsisrevealedasaveryimportant andwhatisitsrelationshiptothewell-beingofresidents.Forthe0.5and1
factorinthecontextofoverallcomfortofitsinhabitants.Forthiscomfort,it cm2areasofaperture,noacousticorairpermeabilitydifferenceswerefound
contributesveryimportantlythesoundinsulationthatthefacadesofbuildings inrelationtothereferencevalues,assumingthatthisscenariodoesnotcause
canprovide.Sincethefacadescompriseofanopaqueportionandatranslucent anysignificantvariationinahousingfac¸ade.For thelasttwoareasstudied
portion,thelatterwillbemorerelevanttothesoundinsulationthatthefacade (200and250cm2),inacousticandairpermeabilityterms,itisconcludedthat,
elementprovides,whichisinfluencedbythewindowitself,asbytheopenings fortheseareas,thescenarioissimilartothatofanopenwindowduetothe
andairpermeabilityassociatedwith.Inordertoevaluatetheinfluenceofthe highlossofsoundinsulationandthelowairpermeability.
3666 J.Acoust.Soc.Am.,Vol.141,No.5,Pt.2,May2017 Acoustics’17Boston 3666
TUESDAYMORNING,27JUNE2017 ROOM313,9:15A.M.TO12:20P.M.
Session3aAB
AnimalBioacoustics:ComparativeBioacoustics:SessioninHonorofRobertDoolingI
MichealL.Dent,Cochair
Psychology,UniversityatBuffalo,SUNY,B76ParkHall,Buffalo,NY14260
AmandaLauer,Cochair
Otolaryngology-HNS,JohnsHopkinsUniversitySchoolofMedicine,515Traylor,720RutlandAve.,Baltimore,MD21205
Chair’sIntroduction—9:15
InvitedPapers
9:20
3aAB1.Perceptualperseveranceinapasserinewithpermanentpapillarimpairment.AmandaLauer(Otolaryngology-HNS,Johns
HopkinsUniv. School of Medicine, 515 Traylor, 720 Rutland Ave., Baltimore,MD 21205, [email protected]) and Robert Dooling
(Psych.,Univ.ofMaryland,CollegePark,MD)
TheBelgianWaterslagercanaryisuniqueforitsloud,low-pitchedsongwhichisaccompaniedbyahereditarypathologyinvolving
M
missinganddamagedhaircellsinthebasalendofthepapilla.Thesebirdswerebeenbredforhundredsofyearsforloud,low-pitched
A
song.Breederslikelyselectedforhighfrequencyhearingloss.Inspitehaircellregeneration,thepapillaeinthesebirdsneverapproaches
E.
that of normal-hearing canaries. Auditory nerve and brainstem responses are also diminished, and auditory brainstem nuclei show
U
reducedcellsize.Andthesebirdsshowasuiteofpsychoacousticdeficitsconsistentwithimpairedactiveprocessingasseeninhumans T
withhearingloss.Itisratherremarkable,then,thatBelgianWaterslagersareabletolearn,discriminate,andproducecomplex,species- a
3
specificsoundswithsuchimpairedfrequencyselectivityandphaseprocessing.Thisfeat,inthepresenceofsevereperipheralauditory
damage,underscorestheimportanceoftemporalinformationintheavianauditoryperceptionandvocallearning.Theobviousgenetic
basisofthispathologyplacestheBelgianWaterslagercanaryinanotheruniquepositionofbeingtheonlynonhumanorganismwhich
mustnavigatethroughvocaldevelopmentandvocallearninginthefaceofaninheriteddevelopmentalperipheralauditorypathology.
9:40
3aAB2. Cormorant audiograms under water and in air. Ole N. Larsen (Biology, Univ. of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55,
Odernse M 5230, Denmark, [email protected]), Jakob Christensen-Dalsgaard, Alyssa Maxwell, Kirstin A. Hansen, and Magnus
Wahlberg(Biology,Univ.ofSouthernDenmark,OdenseM,Denmark)
Littleisknownaboutunderwaterhearingabilitiesofdivingbirds.Tohelpfillthisgapwemeasuredaudiogramsofcormorants(Pha-
lacrocorax carbo) using two different methods. Wild-caught cormorant fledglings were anesthetized and their auditory brainstem
responses(ABR)toclicksandtoneburstsweremeasured;firstinananechoicboxinairandtheninalargewater-filledtankwiththeir
headandnecksubmerged.Inaddition,audiogramswereobtainedfromtwoadultcormorantsusingthepsychophysicalmethodofcon-
stantstimulibothinairandunderwater.Theshapeofaudiogramsobtainedfromin-airABR-recordingswassimilartothatreportedfor
birdsofsimilarsize.Thehighestsensitivityinairwasfoundatabout2kHz,whilethemostsensitiveresponsewasatabout1kHzunder-
water. In general, the audiograms obtained from psychophysical measurements were similar to the ABR audiograms but had much
highersensitivitythantheABRaudiograms.Theresultsfrombothmethodssuggestthatcormorantshaveratherpoorin-airhearingcom-
paredtosimilar-sizedbirds.Theirunderwaterhearingsensitivity,however,ishigherthanwhatwouldhavebeenexpectedforpurelyair-
adaptedears,anditislikelythatcormorantsusetheirunderwaterhearingabilitiesduringforagingdives.
10:00
3aAB3.Studiesofrhythmicsynchronizationinavianvocallearnersusingoperantconditioningmethods.YoshimasaSeki(Aichi
Univ., 1-1 Machihata-machi, Toyohashi 4418018, Japan, [email protected]) and Kazuo Okanoya (The Univ. of Tokyo,
Meguro-ku,Japan)
Researchershavearguedthatnon-humananimalsexhibitasenseofrhythm.BudgerigarsandBengalesefinchesweretrainedtopeck
akeyiterativelyinresponsetometronomicstimuliusinganoperantconditioningmethod.PecktiminginBudgerigarswasdistributed
aroundthestimulusonsetofthemetronome,suggestingthebirdssynchronizedtheirbodymovementtotherhythmofthemetronome.
However,pecktiminginfinchesappearedtocorrespondtoanestimatedreactiontime,suggestingthatpeckresponseswereamerereac-
tiontothemetronomestimuli.Next,budgerigarsweretrainedtopecktwokeysalternativelywithoutanymetronomicstimuli,sothat
peckingofthekeyswasself-paced.Metronomicsoundswerecreatedtomatchtheintervalsoftheself-pacedpecking.Additionalmetro-
nomicstimuliwerecreatedtobe10%faster,10%slower,and20%slowerthantheoriginalself-pacedmetronomestimuliforeachbird.
3667 J.Acoust.Soc.Am.,Vol.141,No.5,Pt.2,May2017 Acoustics’17Boston 3667
Thesespeduporsloweddownmetronomicsoundswereplayedbackinthebackgroundoftheself-pacedpeckingtask.Inthisexperi-
ment,rhythmicsynchronizationwasnotobserved;however,onebirdexhibitedshorterpeckingintervalsforthefastermetronomeand
longerintervalsfortheslowermetronome,suggestingthatthemetronomicstimuliinfluencedpecktiminginthisbirdintheabsenceof
training.
10:20
3aAB4.Elaboratenetworkofavianintracranialair-filledcavitiesanditspotentialroleinhearing.KennethK.Jensen(Starkey
Hearing Technologies, 8901 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20889, [email protected]), Jakob Christensen-Dalsgaard
(Inst.ofBiology,Univ.ofSouthernDenmark,OdenseM,Denmark),andOleN.Larsen(Inst.ofBiology,Univ.ofSouthernDenmark,
OdernseM,Denmark)
Manyavianspeciespossessanintracranialair-filledpassage,directlyconnectingthemedialsurfacesofthetympanicmembranes,
calledtheinterauralcanal.Itisknowntogreatlyimprovedirectionalhearingbypassiveacousticsinsmallanimalswheretheexternal
interauraldelayistoominutetoallowtemporalneuralcoding.Forlong,theavianinterauralcanalwasassumedtobeasimplecylindri-
calcavity.Contrarytothis,wediscoveredthroughCTscansandothertechniquesthatmanybirds(e.g.,zebrafinchesandpigeons)doin
facthavearatherelaboratesystemofinterconnectedair-filledcavitiesthroughouttheentireskull.Thecavitiescommunicatedirectlyor
indirectlywiththetympanicmembranes.Howdoesthisnetworkaffectthedirectionalhearinginbirds?Ononehand,itmaysimplybe
anadaptationtoflightandplaylittleornoroleinhearing.Ontheotherhand,theoreticalconsiderationssuggestthatthedirectional
responsemaybeoptimizedthroughfrequencydependent“tuning”ofattenuationandphaseshiftthroughtheinterauralcanal.Inthis
talk,wewillfirstpresenttheanatomy,thenpresentsomepreliminarydirectionalresponsesfromzebrafinchears,andfinallydiscuss
futuredirectionsandconsiderationsforwhatmaybethefunctionalinterauralcanalinbirds.
10:40
3aAB5.Psychophysicalbasisforfinite-statesongsyntaxinBengalesefinches.KazuoOkanoya(LifeSci.,TheUniv.ofTokyo,3-8-1
Komaba,Meguro-ku153-8902,Japan,[email protected])
Bengalesefincheshavebeendomesticatedfor250yearsinJapanfromwildwhite-rumpedmuniasoriginallyimportedfromChina.
Bengalesefinchesweredomesticatedforparentalbehaviorandwhitecolormorphs,butnotforsongs.Nevertheless,Bengalesefinches
singcomplexsongs:2-5songnoteswerechunkedandchunksareorganizedintofinite-statesyntax.Songdurationindicatesphysicalfit-
nessofthebirdandsongcomplexitystimulatesfemalereproductivebehavior.WeexaminedsequentialexpertizesinBengalesefinches
usingbehavioralprocedures.Inaclickdetectiontask,birdsweretrainedtopeckwhentheyheardashortclickembeddedinachunkor
betweenchunks.Reactiontimeswerelongerintheformercases.Inaflash-songinterruptiontask,songterminationoccurredmoreoften
whentheflashwasgivenbetweenchunks.Thesedataaresuggestiveoftheperceptualandmotorrealityofchunkstructures.Inaserial
reaction time task, birds where trained to peck horizontally arranged keys in certain order. Male birds learned the task better than
females,suggestingthatsongmotorcontrolcapacitymaybeutilizedothermotordomainsaswell.However,abstractrulelearningby
auditorydiscriminationwasnotpossible,suggestingthatthesequentialexpertizesmaybelimitedonthemotordomain.
11:00
3aAB6.Mousepsychoacoustics:Notjustre-Doolingthebirdpsychoacousticsresearch.MichealL.Dent(Psych.,Univ.atBuffalo,
SUNY,B76ParkHall,Buffalo,NY14260,[email protected])
ThecleverartistWillieNelsononcesaid“theearlybirdgetsthewormbutthesecondmousegetsthecheese.”WhileWilliewasnot
likelyreferringtoanimalpsychoacoustics,thequoteeasilyappliestothehistoricaltrajectoryofthefield.Foryears,birdsservedasapri-
marymodelforhumanhearing.Manyspecieswerealreadydomesticated.Theywereknowntobevocallearners.Thehearingabilities
ofnumerousspeciesofbirdsweresimilartohumans.Finally,birdscouldbequicklytrainedusingoperantconditioningproceduresand
positivereinforcement.RobertDoolingwasapioneerofthesetechniquesandresultsfromhislaboratorywereinstrumentalforbirds
beingusedasmodelsforhumanauditoryprocessingfordecades.Withthedevelopmentofthemousegenomein2002,however,many
researchersturnedtheirfocusinsteadtowardsthesesmallmammalsasresearchmodels.Geneticallyengineeredstrainsofmicemimick-
inghumandisorderscouldbeeasilydevelopedandstudied,butunfortunately,thebasichearingandcommunicationabilitiesofmice
werelargelyunknown,limitingtheirutilityasmodels.SuccessfulbutnumerousadaptationsofDooling’sbehavioralmethodshavebeen
recentlymadetomeasureauditoryacuityinmicetomeasuretheperceptionofbothsimplestimuliandcomplexvocalizations.
11:20
3aAB7.Vocalproduction,auditoryperception,andsignalactivespaceinanopenhabitatspecialist,theGrasshopperSparrow.
BernardLohr(Dept.ofBiologicalSci.,Univ.ofMarylandBaltimoreCounty,1000HilltopCircle,Baltimore,MD21250,blohr@umbc.
edu)
GrasshopperSparrowsarespecialistsinopengrasslandhabitatsandfaceacousticchallengesnormallyassociatedwiththathabitattype.
Theyproduceseveraltypesofcallsandtwodistincttypesofsong,allofwhicharehigh-pitchedforsongbirds(6—10kHz).Theprimary
territorialsong,alsoknownasthe“buzz”song,consistsof3or4briefintroductorynotesfollowedbyahigh-pitched,rapidlymodulated
trill.Thefunctionofthesecondarysongtype,or“warble”song,remainsunknown,butdatafromautonomousrecordingunitsdemonstrates
acorrelationwithpairingstatusandbreedingcycletiming.OperantdiscriminationtestswithGrasshopperSparrowsshowabroaderaudio-
gramandextendedhighfrequencyauditorylimitwhencomparedwithothersmallsongbirds,suggestingthatthesebirds,andpotentially
relatedspeciesaswell,haveevolvedawiderspectralrangeofauditorysensitivityinthishabitattype.Auditorydetectionanddiscrimina-
tionthresholdswereusedtoexploretheactivespaceandcommunicationdistancesofthisspecies’vocalizationsusingahabitatbioacous-
ticsmodelincorporatingitsnormalterritorialbehavior.Resultssuggestthatsongscanbedetecteduptothreeterritoriesawayfromthe
singer,butthatbirdsmayhavedifficultydiscriminatingbetweendifferentconspecificsongsmorethantwoterritoriesaway.
3668 J.Acoust.Soc.Am.,Vol.141,No.5,Pt.2,May2017 Acoustics’17Boston 3668
ContributedPapers
11:40 12:00
3aAB8.Saliencyoftemporalfinestructureinzebrafinchvocalizations. 3aAB9.Micro-scalehabitatuseofhumpbackwhalesaroundMauiNui,
NoraH.Prior,EdwardSmith,GregoryF.Ball,andRobertDooling(Biology Hawaii. Anke K€ugler (Hawaii Inst. of Marine Biology, Univ. of Hawaii
Psych., Univ. of Maryland, 4094 Campus Dr., College Park, MD 20742, Manoa,2525CorreaRd.HIG132,Honolulu,HI96822,akuegler@hawaii.
[email protected]) edu)andMarcLammers(HawaiiInst.ofMarineBiology,Univ.ofHawaii
Manoa,Kaneohe,HI)
Previous work has shown that birds. in general, and zebra finches. in
particular, have remarkable sensitivity to temporal fine structure (TFS). Each winter, thousands of North Pacific humpback whales (Megaptera
While spectral, envelope, and TFS cues are present in vocalizations, TFS novaeangliae)migratefromtheirhighlatitudefeedinggroundsinAlaskato
hasbeenlargelyignoredsincesonographic,andnottimewaveform,analy- mate and calve in the shallow tropical waters around the Main Hawaiian
seshavebeenthemainstayinbioacoustics.However,birds’impressivesen- Islands.PreviousstudiesonhumpbackwhalesinHawaiihavefocusedonthe
sitivity to TFS raises the question of whether behaviorally relevant whales’acousticbehaviorandtheirgeneraldistributionwithintheislands,but
informationiscarriedwithintheTFS.Indeed,zebrafincheshaveatleast10 littleisknownaboutsmall-scalehabitatpreferences.OfftheislandofMaui,
calltypesthatbothmalesandfemalesuseinsophisticatedwaystocoordi- anecdotalreportsfromcommercialoperatorsandresearcherstellofclusters
nate activities. Furthermore, zebra finch vocalizations are typically com- ofwhaleswithinthebreedingarea.However,toourknowledge,nostudies
posed of harmonic stacks, rich in TFS. Here, we isolated and described have been conducted to examine the phenomenon of micro-scale aggrega-
patternsintheTFSbetweenandwithinindividualsfordifferentcalltypes tions.ApilotstudyusingpassiveacousticmonitoringwithEcologicalAcous-
andconstructedteststimulifromthesepatternsofTFSforpsychoacoustic ticRecorders(EARs)wasconductedfromJanuarythroughearlyMarch2016
experiments. Demonstrating TFS sensitivity within natural stimuli would atthreesitesoffMaui,usingmalesingersasaproxyforrelativewhaleabun-
argue for the increasing salience of TFS for real-life communication in dance. Root-mean-square sound pressure levels (SPLs) were calculated to
birds.[WorksupportedbyaNIDCDT32DC000046-16toNHP.] comparelowfrequencyacousticenergy(0-1kHz)betweenthedifferentsites.
Preliminary results indicate that singers alternate between the two farthest
sites.Further,differentdielpatternsinsongactivitywhereobservedamong
thesites.Theseresultssuggestatleastsomedegree ofvariablespatialand
temporalhabitatuseandthatfurthermonitoringiswarranted.
M
A
TUESDAYMORNING,27JUNE2017 ROOM310,9:15A.M.TO12:20P.M. E.
U
T
a
Session3aAO 3
AcousticalOceanographyandUnderwaterAcoustics:AcousticMeasurementsofSedimentTransportand
Near-BottomStructuresI
JamesLynch,Cochair
WoodsHoleOceanographic,MS#11,Bigelow203,WoodsHole,MA02543
PeterD.Thorne,Cochair
MarinePhysicsandOceanClimate,NationalOceanographyCentre,NationalOceanographyCentre,JoesphProudman
Building,6BrownlowStreet,LiverpoolL35DA,UnitedKingdom
Chair’sIntroduction—9:15
InvitedPapers
9:20
3aAO1. Perspectives of ongoing acoustic developments for measuring sediment dynamics. Peter D. Thorne (Joseph Proudman
Bldg.,NationalOceanogr.Ctr.,6BrownlowSt.,Liverpool,MerseysideL35DA,UnitedKingdom,[email protected])andDavidHurther
(Lab.ofGeophysicalandIndustrialFlows(LEGI),CNRSUMR5519,Grenoble,France)
Sedimententrainment,transport,anddepositionoverbedformscanbehighlydynamicwithstrongspatiallytemporalvariability.To
probethemulti-scaledprocessesofsedimenttransport,therehasbeencontinuingdevelopmentsofinstrumentationtoobtainhighresolu-
tionmeasurementsofnear-bedsedimentdynamics.Suchobservationsareusedforboththedevelopmentandassessmentofprocess
basedsedimenttransportmodeling.Here,resultsarereportedfromstudiesondevelopinghighresolutionacousticinstruments,deployed
to make co-located observations of bedforms, the near-bed and suspended concentration fields, and the horizontal and vertical
3669 J.Acoust.Soc.Am.,Vol.141,No.5,Pt.2,May2017 Acoustics’17Boston 3669