TSA Airport Security Design Guidelines

333 Pages·2006·6.35 MB·English

by  Suzanne Guzik

NOTICE

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Recommended Security Guidelines for i
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NOTICE
NOTICE
This document is distributed under the sponsorship of the Transportation Security
Administration of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security in the interest of
information exchange. The U.S. Government assumes no liability for the contents
or use.

This document does not create regulatory requirements. There are recommendations and guidelines contained in
this document that might be considered highly beneficial in one airport environment while being virtually
impossible to implement at another airport. The purpose of the document is to provide as extensive a list of options,
ideas, and suggestions as possible for the airport architect, designer, planner and engineer to choose from when first
considering security requirements in the early planning and design of new or renovated airport facilities.
This document provides numerous references to and citations from other government and industry sources. These
are not intended to be modified by this document in any way, and are generally intended to refer to the most current
version of such external resources, to which the reader should go for detailed information.
This document may be downloaded free of charge from the following TSA Internet site: http://www.tsa.gov
Or contact the security coordinator at:

Airport Consultants Council (ACC): 703-683-5900
Airports Council International – North America (ACI-NA): 202-293-8500
American Association of Airport Executives (AAAE): 703-824-0500
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This document is intended to bring to the attention of the airport planning, design, and engineering community the
serious security concerns that must be considered for incorporation into an airport design at the earliest possible
planning stage, in order to bring the most efficient and cost-effective security solutions to bear. An undertaking as
extensive and comprehensive as this requires the participation and cooperation of a wide range of aviation security
professionals contributing time, experience, knowledge and insight. We hope that this document accurately captures
the experiences of the past and will help the reader anticipate the needs of the future.
To complete the current revision of this document, an Aviation Security Advisory Committee (ASAC) Working
Group was formed. Under the auspices of this working group, over 100 persons attended meetings and participated
in document reviews. A few participants, referred to as Section Chiefs, supervised edits of specific sections of the
document. These and other participants rewrote outdated material, edited drafts, and brought current practices, real-
world perspectives and new federal regulations to the table, advising the Working Group of what would, and would
not, work in an operating airport environment.
This document is not intended to be the final word on airport security design; it is meant to be a primer on the
security issues important to airport development and a check-list of the more important things one must consider
when deciding which of the many potential security approaches may be appropriate to a particular airport’s
circumstances and requirements.
We wish to acknowledge the invaluable contribution of all the participating organizations and persons listed below.
Special thanks also go to:
Mike Duffy with the Transportation Security Administration (TSA), who proposed creation of the working group
and supported this project from start to finish;
Joe Corrao with the TSA who served as the Working Group Executive Director;
Joe Kris and Scott Foulger with the TSA who served at various times as the TSA Working Group Co-Chairs;
Paula Hochstetler with the Airport Consultants Council (ACC) who served as the industry Working Group Co-
Chair;
Suzanne Guzik with CTI Consulting who helped assemble and edit the revised draft document;
Bob Mattingly with Sarasota Bradenton International Airport, who attended every meeting and made significant
technical contributions to the entire document; and to
The following individuals who served as Section or Appendix Chiefs:
Airport Layout & Boundaries - Ken Cox with CTI Consulting
Airside – Ian Redhead with ACI-NA
Landside - Kenneth Hutton with the Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority
Terminal - Art Kosatka with TranSecure
Passenger Screening - Scot Thaxton with the TSA
Baggage Screening - Mark Torbeck with the TSA
Cargo Screening - Pam Hamilton with the TSA
ACAMS - Christer Wilkinson with DMJM Technology
Video Surveillance, Detection & Distribution - James McGuire with MHR International, Inc.
Power, Communication & Cabling Infrastructure - Tom Coleman with DHS TSL & Rebecca Morrison with AAAE
International - James McGuire with MHR International, Inc.
Airport Blast Protection - Amber Kasbeer with DHS/TSA/TSL & Terry Palmer with Magnusson Klemencic Assoc., Inc.
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Paula Hochstetler Airport Consultants Council James McGuire MHR International, Inc.
Ian Redhead Airports Council Int’l-NA Michael H. Ross MHR International, Inc.
Dean Snyder American Airlines Mark Forare Miami-Dade Aviation Dept.
Rebecca Morrison Amer. Assn of Airport Execs Carolyn Strock Mid-Ohio Valley Regional Airport
Joe Erhart Apple Designs, Inc. Fred Cummings Philadelphia International Airport
Howard Burrows Battelle Shane Shovestull Phoenix Aviation Dept.
Mauricio Fernandez Battelle Jeanne Olivier Port Authority of NY & NJ
Susan Prediger CAGE Inc. Gorge Reis Port Authority of NY & NJ
Stephen Clarke Carter & Burgess, Inc. Cal Edmonson Raleigh-Durham Int’l Airport
Terry Colegrove Comm. Infrastructure Designs Bill Sandifer Reynolds, Smith & Hills, Inc.
Jim Willis Convergent Strategies Consulting Craig Williams Reynolds, Smith & Hills, Inc.
Ken Cox CTI Consulting Mike Mini Rhode Island Airport Corporation
Suzanne Guzik CTI Consulting Frances Sherertz Sacramento County Apt System
Bill Bruneau Denver Int’l Airport Donna Edwards Sandia National Labs
Armen DerHohannesian DerHohannesian + Assoc., LLC Bob Mattingly Sarasota Bradenton Int’l Apt
Jackson Stephens DHS CBP Ted Kleiner STV Incorporated
Dan Ziegelbauer DHS CBP Art Kosatka TranSecure
William A. Fife DMJM-Harris - NY Gloria Bender TransSolutions
Christer Wilkinson DMJM Technology Eric Miller TransSolutions
Jozef Grajek EJG Aviation Cenk Tunasar TransSolutions
Kelley Fredericks Erie Municipal Airport Authority Anthony Cerino TSA TSL
Rick Marinelli FAA Tom Coleman TSA TSL
Steven Urlass FAA Joe Corrao TSA
Michael Patrick Gensler Michael Duffy TSA
Keith Thompson Gensler Frederick P. Falcone TSA
Marion Kromm White Gensler Brad Fawsett TSA
Mike Bolduc Glover/Resnick & Assoc., Inc. Scott Foulger TSA
William Glover Glover/Resnick & Assoc., Inc. Pam Hamilton TSA
Ron Orchid Glover/Resnick & Assoc., Inc. Amber Kasbeer TSA TSL
Mitch Chokas HKS, Inc. David Kasminoff TSA
Scott Hyde Hartsfield Planning Collaborative Rigina Kim TSA
Theresa Coutu InVision Technologies, Inc. Joseph Kris TSA
James Tucci K&J Safety & Security Consulting Rick Lazarick TSA TSL
Michael DiGirolamo Los Angeles World Airports Jordan Lerner TSA
Robert Smallback Lee County Port Auth. Scot Thaxton TSA
Terry Palmer Magnusson Klemencic Assoc. Mark Torbeck TSA
Dennis Treece MassPort Authority Kristina Dores Unisys Corp
Carl Scarbrough McCarran Int’l Airport Michael Pilgrim Unisys Corp
Geoffrey Baskir Metro. Washington Airports Auth. Archie Lind URS Corporation
Richard Cullerton Metro. Washington Airports Auth. Mike Williams Williams Gateway Airport
Kenneth Hutton Metro. Washington Airports Auth. Franklin M. Sterling Williams Sterling, Inc.
Jason Terreri Metro. Washington Airports Auth. James Williams Williams Sterling, Inc.

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iv Recommended Security Guidelines for
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PART I - OVERVIEW
Section A - Introduction..........................................................................................................1
Section B - Applicability..........................................................................................................1
Section C - Purpose.................................................................................................................2
Section D - Background..........................................................................................................4
Section E - Coordination.........................................................................................................5
Section F - Changing Security Concerns and Contingency Measures..............................6
1. Homeland Security Advisory System (HSAS) Threat Conditions.............................................6
2. TSA Responsibilities......................................................................................................................6
3. Planning and Design Considerations...........................................................................................6
PART II - INITIAL PLANNING AND DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
Section A - General..................................................................................................................7
Section B - Facility Protection................................................................................................8
Section C - Planning Facility Protection................................................................................9
1. Security Areas and Boundaries....................................................................................................9
2. Vulnerability Assessment............................................................................................................10
3. Protection Criteria........................................................................................................................11
4. Physical Protection......................................................................................................................11
5. Crime Prevention..........................................................................................................................11
6. Recordkeeping..............................................................................................................................11
7. Delegations of Responsibility.....................................................................................................11
8. Design Factors..............................................................................................................................11
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
PART III - RECOMMENDED GUIDELINES
Section A - Airport Layout and Boundaries........................................................................13
1. General Airport Layout..................................................................................................................13
a. Airside..........................................................................................................................................13
b. Landside.......................................................................................................................................14
c. Terminal........................................................................................................................................14
2. Security Areas................................................................................................................................15
a. Air Operations Area (AOA)...........................................................................................................15
b. Security Identification Display Area (SIDA)..................................................................................15
c. Secured Area...............................................................................................................................16
d. Sterile Area...................................................................................................................................16
e. Exclusive Area.............................................................................................................................16
f. Airport Tenant Security Program (ATSP) Area.............................................................................17
3. Assessment of Vulnerable Areas.................................................................................................17
4. Chemical and Biological Agents..................................................................................................21
5. Boundaries and Access Points....................................................................................................22
a. Physical Barriers..........................................................................................................................22
1) Fencing.....................................................................................................................................23
2) Buildings...................................................................................................................................26
3) Walls.........................................................................................................................................26
b. Electronic Boundaries..................................................................................................................27
c. Natural Barriers............................................................................................................................29
d. Access Points...............................................................................................................................29
1) Gates........................................................................................................................................29
2) Doors........................................................................................................................................30
3) Guard Stations.........................................................................................................................31
4) Electronic Access Points..........................................................................................................31
a) Automatic Gates...................................................................................................................31
b) Doors with Access Controls..................................................................................................32
c) Sensor Line Gates................................................................................................................32
d) Automated Portals................................................................................................................32
5) Vehicle Inspection Stations, Blast Protection, and Road Barriers...........................................32
e. Other Security Measures.............................................................................................................37
1) Fence Clear Zones...................................................................................................................37
2) Security Lighting.......................................................................................................................37
3) Locks........................................................................................................................................37
4) CCTV Coverage.......................................................................................................................38
5) Signage....................................................................................................................................38
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6. Facilities, Areas and Geographical Placement...........................................................................41
a. Aircraft Maintenance Facilities.....................................................................................................41
b. Aircraft Movement Areas..............................................................................................................41
c. Aircraft Rescue and Fire Fighting (ARFF) Facilities.....................................................................41
d. Security Operations Center (SOC)/Airport Emergency Command Post (CP).............................42
e. Airport Personnel Offices.............................................................................................................42
f. Belly Cargo Facility.......................................................................................................................42
g. All-Cargo Area..............................................................................................................................43
h. FAA Airport Traffic Control Tower (ATCT) and Offices................................................................43
i. Fuel Facilities.................................................................................................................................43
j. General Aviation (GA) and Fixed Base Operator (FBO) Areas....................................................43
k. Ground Service Equipment Maintenance (GSEM) Facility..........................................................43
l. Ground Transportation Staging Area............................................................................................43
m. Hotels and On-Airport Accommodations.....................................................................................44
n. Industrial/Technology Parks.........................................................................................................44
o. In-Flight Catering Facility.............................................................................................................44
p. Intermodal Transportation Area...................................................................................................44
q. Isolated Security Aircraft Parking Position...................................................................................44
r. Military Facilities............................................................................................................................44
s. Navigational & Communications Equipment................................................................................44
t. Passenger Aircraft Loading/Unloading Parking Areas..................................................................44
u. Passenger Aircraft Overnight Parking Areas...............................................................................45
v. Rental Car and Vehicle Storage Facilities....................................................................................45
w. State/Government Aircraft Facilities............................................................................................45
x. Terminal Patron Parking Areas....................................................................................................45
y. Utilities and Related Equipment...................................................................................................45
Section B - Airside.................................................................................................................47
1. Aircraft Movement and Parking Areas........................................................................................47
a. Aircraft Movement Areas..............................................................................................................47
b. Passenger Loading/Unloading Aircraft Parking Areas.................................................................47
c. Passenger Aircraft Overnight Parking Areas...............................................................................47
d. General Aviation (GA) Parking Area............................................................................................47
e. Isolated/Security Parking Position...............................................................................................48
2. Airside Roads.................................................................................................................................48
3. Airside Vulnerable Areas & Protection........................................................................................48
4. Airside Cargo Areas......................................................................................................................49
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