Transportation research implementation : application of research outcomes : summary of the Second EU-U.S. Transportation Research Symposium

166 Pages·2015·3.231 MB·English

by  Meyer, Andrea, Meyer, Dana

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TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH BOARD
2015 EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE*
Chair: Daniel Sperling, Professor of Civil Engineering and Environmental Science and Policy; Director, Institute of Transportation
Studies, University of California, Davis
Vice Chair: James M. Crites, Executive Vice President of Operations, Dallas–Fort Worth International Airport, Texas
Executive Director: Neil J. Pedersen, Transportation Research Board
Victoria A. Arroyo, Executive Director, Georgetown Climate Center; Assistant Dean, Centers and Institutes; and Professor and
Director, Environmental Law Program, Georgetown University Law Center, Washington, D.C.
Scott E. Bennett, Director, Arkansas State Highway and Transportation Department, Little Rock
Deborah H. Butler, Executive Vice President, Planning, and CIO, Norfolk Southern Corporation, Norfolk, Virginia (Past Chair,
2013)
Malcolm Dougherty, Director, California Department of Transportation, Sacramento
A. Stewart Fotheringham, Professor, School of Geographical Sciences and Urban Planning, University of Arizona, Tempe
John S. Halikowski, Director, Arizona Department of Transportation, Phoenix
Michael W. Hancock, Secretary, Kentucky Transportation Cabinet, Frankfort
Susan Hanson, Distinguished University Professor Emerita, School of Geography, Clark University, Worcester, Massachusetts
Steve Heminger, Executive Director, Metropolitan Transportation Commission, Oakland, California
Chris T. Hendrickson, Professor, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Jeffrey D. Holt, Managing Director, Bank of Montreal Capital Markets, and Chairman, Utah Transportation Commission,
Huntsville, Utah
Geraldine Knatz, Professor, Sol Price School of Public Policy, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California,
Los Angeles
Michael P. Lewis, Director, Rhode Island Department of Transportation, Providence
Joan McDonald, Commissioner, New York State Department of Transportation, Albany
Abbas Mohaddes, President and CEO, Iteris, Inc., Santa Ana, California
Donald A. Osterberg, Senior Vice President, Safety and Security, Schneider National, Inc., Green Bay, Wisconsin
Sandra Rosenbloom, Professor, University of Texas, Austin (Past Chair, 2012)
Henry G. (Gerry) Schwartz, Jr., Chairman (retired), Jacobs/Sverdrup Civil, Inc., St. Louis, Missouri
Kumares C. Sinha, Olson Distinguished Professor of Civil Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
Kirk T. Steudle, Director, Michigan Department of Transportation, Lansing (Past Chair, 2014)
Gary C. Thomas, President and Executive Director, Dallas Area Rapid Transit, Dallas, Texas
Paul Trombino III, Director, Iowa Department of Transportation, Ames
Phillip A. Washington, General Manager, Denver Regional Council of Governments, Denver, Colorado
Thomas P. Bostick (Lt. General, U.S. Army), Chief of Engineers and Commanding General, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers,
Washington, D.C. (ex officio)
Timothy P. Butters, Acting Administrator, Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, U.S. Department of
Transportation (ex officio)
Alison Jane Conway, Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, City College of New York, New York, and Chair,
TRB Young Members Council (ex officio)
T. F. Scott Darling III, Acting Administrator and Chief Counsel, Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, U.S. Department
of Transportation (ex officio)
Sarah Feinberg, Acting Administrator, Federal Railroad Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation (ex officio)
David J. Friedman, Acting Administrator, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation
(ex officio)
LeRoy Gishi, Chief, Division of Transportation, Bureau of Indian Affairs, U.S. Department of the Interior, Washington, D.C. (ex
officio)
John T. Gray II, Senior Vice President, Policy and Economics, Association of American Railroads, Washington, D.C. (ex officio)
Michael P. Huerta, Administrator, Federal Aviation Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation (ex officio)
Paul N. Jaenichen, Sr., Administrator, Maritime Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation (ex officio)
Therese W. McMillan, Acting Administrator, Federal Transit Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation (ex officio)
Michael P. Melaniphy, President and CEO, American Public Transportation Association, Washington, D.C. (ex officio)
Gregory G. Nadeau, Acting Administrator, Federal Highway Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation (ex officio)
Peter M. Rogoff, Acting Under Secretary for Transportation Policy, Office of the Secretary, U.S. Department of Transportation
(ex officio)
Mark R. Rosekind, Administrator, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation (ex
officio)
Craig A. Rutland, U.S. Air Force Pavement Engineer, Air Force Civil Engineer Center, Tyndall Air Force Base, Florida (ex officio)
Barry R. Wallerstein, Executive Officer, South Coast Air Quality Management District, Diamond Bar, California (ex officio)
Gregory D. Winfree, Assistant Secretary for Research and Technology, Office of the Secretary, U.S. Department of Transportation
(ex officio)
Frederick G. (Bud) Wright, Executive Director, American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials,
Washington, D.C. (ex officio)
Paul F. Zukunft (Adm., U.S. Coast Guard), Commandant, U.S. Coast Guard, U.S. Department of Homeland Security (ex officio)
* Membership as of February 2015.
C o n f e r e nCe P r oCe e d i n g s 5 1
Transport Research
Implementation
Application of Research Outcomes
Summary of the Second EU-U.S. Transportation Research Symposium
Andrea Meyer and Dana Meyer, Working Knowledge
Rapporteurs
April 10–11, 2014
Paris, France
Organized by the
European Commission
Office of the Assistant Secretary for Research and Technology,
U.S. Department of Transportation
Transportation Research Board
Washington, D.C.
2015
www.TRB.org
Transportation Research Board Conference Proceedings 51
ISSN 1073- 1652
ISBN 978-0-309-29559-8
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This project was organized by the European Commission; the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Research and Technology, U.S.
Department of Transportation; and the Transportation Research Board of the National Academies.
Planning Committee for EU-U.S. Transportation Research Symposium No. 2: Technology Transfer and Implementing Research Results
John Mason, Auburn University, USA, Cochair
Jesus Rodríguez, University of Madrid, Spain, International Cochair
Marit Brandtsegg, Norwegian Public Roads Administration, Norway
Anne Ellis, Arizona Department of Transportation, USA
Francesca La Torre, University of Florence, Italy
Astrid Linder, Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Sweden
William Millar, American Public Transportation Association (retired), USA
Ragunathan Rajkumar, Carnegie Mellon University, USA
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Preface
This document provides a summary of the entire sector experts, managers, and end users from the United
content of the Second EU-U.S. Transportation States and the European Union to attend the 2-day
Research Symposium held April 10–11, 2014, symposium and provide ideas on how to improve the
in Paris, France; all presentations, comments, and implementation of transportation research to increase
discussions are included. The summary is organized long-term returns on investments. The symposium’s
by symposium session or breakout session with a multifaceted structure and interactive format enabled
concluding section that synthesizes the suggestions the widest input from the 62 assembled experts.
that emerged from the symposium. This format was The symposium was divided into five sessions that
selected to give the reader a full understanding of the featured a total of 29 presentations and extensive
ideas expressed as well as to document the lessons question-and-answer sessions to cover the context of the
learned and offer recommendations for successful issue, stakeholder perspectives, institutional incentives
implementation of research outcomes. for implementation, research for implementation,
The purpose of the Second EU-U.S. Transportation and the bridge between principles and practice. The
Research Symposium was to promote cooperation symposium format included two cycles of breakout
across the Atlantic and share best practices for the group discussions that tapped into the combined
implementation of research outcomes in the field of expertise of the group to consider key questions. The
surface transportation at the local, state, national, first day’s breakout session focused on stakeholders’
and international levels. EU-U.S. cooperation can perspectives on implementation and divided the
optimize public funding of transportation research. participants into three stakeholder pools: funders,
This symposium was the second in a series of four researchers, and implementers–users. Each stakeholder
annual symposia, the first of which, “City Logistics group looked at the drivers of successful research,
Research: A Transatlantic Perspective,” took place impediments to research application, and inhibitors to
in Washington, D.C., on May 30–31, 2013 (1). The deployment from its particular perspective. The second
overarching goal of the symposia series is to promote day’s breakout session randomly assigned funders,
common understanding, efficiencies, and transatlantic researchers, and implementers–users to groups to
cooperation within the international transportation further discuss and summarize ideas for increasing the
research community while accelerating transportation success of transportation research and removing the
sector innovation in Europe and the United States. impediments to its implementation.
An EU-U.S. planning committee handpicked a The symposium opened with two presentations of
group of high-level researchers, infrastructure owners, commissioned white papers that gave an overview of the
research managers, funding agency officials, private- hypotheses about successful transportation research and
v
vi TRANSPORT RESEARCH IMPLEMENTATION
discussed 13 case studies of successfully implemented and technical expertise, in accordance with procedures
research. The text of both papers is included in the approved by the National Research Council’s Report
appendixes to these conference proceedings. One finding Review Committee. The purpose of this independent
was that research and research-derived innovations face review is to provide candid and critical comments
two valleys of death: first, when a line of research fails to that will assist the institution in making the published
reach some sort of prototype or early commercialization summary as sound as possible and to ensure that it
stage, and second, when the prototype or early product meets institutional standards for objectivity, evidence,
is not adopted at scale. and responsiveness to the project charge. The review
Throughout the symposium, participants provided comments and draft manuscript remain confidential to
suggestions for making research more deployable and for protect the integrity of the process.
breaking down barriers to implementing innovation in TRB thanks the following individuals for their review
transportation systems. Participants offered a wide vari- of the summary: Michael Bonini of the Pennsylvania
ety of suggestions for improving the efficacy of transpor- Department of Transportation, James Dockstader of the
tation research to produce successful implementations at Florida Department of Transportation, Barbara T. Harder
scale. Some suggestions focused on research methods, of B. T. Harder, Inc., and Laura Melendy of the
researcher incentives, and more systematic tracking University of California, Berkeley.
of research and research outcomes. Other suggestions Although the reviewers listed above provided many
emphasized the need for greater involvement of all stake- constructive comments and suggestions, they did not
holders, better communications between researchers and see the final draft of the symposium summary before
stakeholders, and opportunities to improve research effi- its release. The review of this summary was overseen by
ciency via joint projects. The participants also identified Susan Hanson of Clark University (emerita). Appointed
some systemic obstacles that could be mitigated to accel- by the National Research Council, she was responsible
erate the adoption of research. for making certain that an independent examination of
This report, prepared by the symposium rappor- this summary was performed in accordance with estab-
teurs, is a compilation of the presentations and a factual lished procedures and that all review comments were
summary of the ensuing discussions at the event. The carefully considered. Responsibility for the final content
planning committee’s role was limited to planning and of this summary rests entirely with the authors and the
convening the conference. The views contained in the institution.
report are those of individual symposium participants
and do not necessarily represent the views of all par-
ticipants, the planning committee, the Transportation RefeRenCe
Research Board (TRB), the European Commission, the
U.S. Department of Transportation, or the National 1. Conference Proceedings 50: City Logistics Research: A
Research Council. Transatlantic Perspective. Transportation Research Board
This symposium summary was reviewed in draft of the National Academies, Washington, D.C., 2013.
form by individuals chosen for their diverse perspectives http://www.trb.org/Publications/Blurbs/170031.aspx.
Acronyms
AAR Association of American Railroads
AASHTO American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials
ACRP Airport Cooperative Research Program
AID Accelerated Innovation Deployment
AIS Automatic Identification System
BASt Federal Highway Research Institute (Germany)
BNSF Burlington Northern Santa Fe railroad
BRT bus rapid transit
CEDR Conference of European Directors of Roads
CEE Central and Eastern European
CEN European Committee for Standardization
CEO chief executive officer
CIP Competitiveness and Innovation Framework Programme (European Union)
CMU Carnegie Mellon University
COMPRIS Consortium Operational Management Platform River Information Services
COST European Cooperation in Science and Technology
CPB Corporate Partnership Board
CRADA cooperative research and development agreement
CRPs cooperative research programs
DOT department of transportation
ECDIS Electronic Chart Display and Information System
EN European Standard
ENR1 ERA-NET ROAD 1
ENR2 ERA-NET ROAD 2
EPA Environmental Protection Agency
ERA-NET European Research Area–Network
ERA-NET ROAD Coordination and Implementation of Road Research in Europe
ERRAC European Rail Research Advisory Council
ETG Expert Task Group
ETP European Technology Platform
EUTRAIN European Transport Research Area International Cooperation Activities
FAA Federal Aviation Administration
FEHRL Forum of European National Highway Research Laboratories
FERSI Forum of European Road Safety Research Institutes
FFRDC federally funded research and development center
FHWA Federal Highway Administration
vii
viii TRANSPORT RESEARCH IMPLEMENTATION
FRA Federal Railroad Administration
FTA Federal Transit Administration
GDP gross domestic product
HCM Highway Capacity Manual
HMCRP Hazardous Materials Cooperative Research Program
HSM Highway Safety Manual
IHSDM Interactive Highway Safety Design Model (software)
INCARNATION Efficient Inland Navigation Information System
INDRIS Inland Navigation Demonstrator for River Information Services
IP intellectual property
IPR intellectual property rights
IPTP International Public Transportation Program
IT information technology
ITF International Transport Forum (of OECD)
JRC Joint Research Centre (of European Commission)
KYTC Kentucky Transportation Cabinet
LCC life-cycle costing
MOU memorandum of understanding
MUTCD Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices
NAPA National Asphalt Pavement Association
NASA National Aeronautics and Space Administration
NCFRP National Cooperative Freight Research Program
NCHRP National Cooperative Highway Research Program
NCRRP National Cooperative Rail Research Program
OECD Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
OEM original equipment manufacturer
OST-R Office of the Assistant Secretary for Research and Technology
OTT Office of Technology Transfer (Emory University)
PAM Program for Asset Management (Netherlands)
PCaTS pedestrian countdown timers at traffic signals
PIANC World Association for Waterborne Transport Infrastructure
PPLT protected–permitted left turn
PPP public–private partnership
PVO Platform Expansion Joints (Netherlands)
R&D&I research, development, and innovation
RAC Research Advisory Committee
RAMS reliability, availability, maintainability, and safety
RFP request for proposal
ROI return on investment
RWS Rijkswaterstaat (Netherlands)
SBIR Small Business Innovation Research
SHEEP security, health, environment, economics, and politics
SHRP 2 second Strategic Highway Research Program
SME small and medium-sized enterprise
TADS Trackside Acoustic Detection System
TCRP Transit Cooperative Research Program
TFHRC Turner–Fairbanks Highway Research Center
TNO Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research
TRB Transportation Research Board
TTCI Transportation Technology Center, Inc.
UHPFRC ultrahigh-performance fiber-reinforced concrete
UNIFE Association of the European Rail Industry
UTC university transportation center
WMA warm-mix asphalt