Table Of ContentT.C. ANADOLU ÜNİVERSİTESİ YAYINI NO: 2972
AÇIKÖĞRETİM FAKÜLTESİ YAYINI NO: 1926
ANADOLU UNIVERSITY
OPEN EDUCATION FACULTY
DISTANCE BA PROGRAM IN ELT
TRANSLATION: Turkish-English
Çeviri: Türkçe-‹ngilizce
(Student’s Book)
Author
Units 1, 2 Yrd.Doç.Dr. Ali MERÇ
Editör
Prof.Dr. Handan KOPKALLI YAVUZ
ANADOLU ÜN‹VERS‹TES‹
Bu kitab›n bas›m, yay›m ve sat›fl haklar› Anadolu Üniversitesine aittir.
“Uzaktan Ö¤retim” tekni¤ine uygun olarak haz›rlanan bu kitab›n bütün haklar› sakl›d›r.
‹lgili kurulufltan izin almadan kitab›n tümü ya da bölümleri mekanik, elektronik, fotokopi, manyetik
kay›t veya baflka flekillerde ço¤alt›lamaz, bas›lamaz ve da¤›t›lamaz.
Copyright © 2013 by Anadolu University
All rights reserved
No part of this book may be reproduced or stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted
in any form or by any means mechanical, electronic, photocopy, magnetic tape or otherwise, without
permission in writing from the University.
UZAKTAN Ö⁄RET‹M TASARIM B‹R‹M‹
Genel Koordinatör
Doç.Dr. Müjgan Bozkaya
Genel Koordinatör Yard›mc›s›
Arfl.Gör.Dr. ‹rem Erdem Ayd›n
Grafik Tasar›m Yönetmenleri
Prof. Tevfik Fikret Uçar
Ö¤r.Gör. Cemalettin Y›ld›z
Ö¤r.Gör. Nilgün Salur
Kitap Koordinasyon Birimi
Uzm. Nermin Özgür
Kapak Düzeni
Prof. Tevfik Fikret Uçar
Ö¤r.Gör. Cemalettin Y›ld›z
Dizgi
Aç›kö¤retim Fakültesi Dizgi Ekibi
Translation: English-Turkish
Çeviri: ‹ngilizce-Türkçe
(Student’s Book)
ISBN
978-975-06-1636-5
1. Bask›
Bu kitap ANADOLU ÜN‹VERS‹TES‹ Web-Ofset Tesislerinde 3.000 adet bas›lm›flt›r.
ESK‹fiEH‹R, Ocak 2013
İÇİNDEKİLER
Unit 1 Avoiding Chicken Translation .......................................................................... 1
Unit 2 Translating Scientific Texts .............................................................................. 5
Unit 3 Translating Newspaper and Magazine Articles ................................................ 23
Unit 4 Translating Laws and Regulations ................................................................... 29
Unit 5 Translating Recipes .......................................................................................... 39
Unit 6 Translating Short Stories .................................................................................. 43
Unit 7 Translating Novels ........................................................................................... 53
Unit 8 Translating Poems ............................................................................................ 69
-III-
Önsöz
Sevgili Öğrenciler,
Ana dilden hedef dile çeviri yapmak birçok kişi için hedef dilden ana dile çeviri yapmaktan
daha zordur. Bunun en önemli nedeni hedef dile hâkim olmamaktır. Çeviri becerisini bir dil-
den diğer dile anlam aktarabilmek olarak tanımlarsak iki dili de çok iyi bilmenin gerektiği
gerçeğini yadsıyamayız. Bu nedenle hem İngilizcenizi hem de Türkçenizi çok iyi kullanıyor
olmanız gerekmekte. Her iki dilde de çok okumanız sizin dil ve anlatım becerilerinizi gelişti-
recektir.
Bu kitap ile amacımız Türkçeden İngilizceye çeviri yaparken dikkat etmeniz gereken unsur-
lar konusunda farkındalık yaratmak ve farklı yazın türlerinde çeviri örnekleri ve alıştırmala-
rıyla çeviri becerilerinizi geliştirmektir. İlk ünite ile eğlenceli bir başlangıç yaptık ki “chicken
translation” olarak bilinen kelime kelime çeviri yapınca ortaya nasıl komik anlatımların çıktı-
ğını göstermek istedik. Çeviri yaparken dikkat etmemiz gereken en önemli unsurlardan biri
sözcüklerin tek anlamı olmaması ve geçtiği bağlama uygun olan anlamı bulmak olduğunu
unutmamaktır.
2-8. üniteler farklı yazın türlerini örneklemektedir. Bilimsel çeviriden edebi çeviriye kadar
farklı yazın türlerinde çeviri alıştırmaları ile hangi yazın türünde hangi unsurlar öne çıktığını
ve iyi çeviri ne demek olduğunu göstermeye çalıştık. Bu çevirileri yaparken İngilizcenin ya-
pısını daha iyi öğreneceğinize, kelime hazinenizi daha geliştireceğinize inanıyoruz. Umarız bu
kitabı yararlı bulursunuz.
Başarılar dileğiyle,
Editör
Prof.Dr. Handan KOPKALLIYAVUZ
- IV -
UNIT 1
AVOIDING CHICKEN TRANSLATION
Most student translators admit that translating texts from their native language into the
foreign language (in this case, from Turkish to English) is more difficult, time- and energy-
consuming, and has a higher possibility of resulting in ‘undesired’translations. Some student
translations may even turn into funny stories, which may cause embarrassing moments for
the student translators. One reason for this is that students as translators, are naturally, more
competent in their mother tongue,and they might have difficulties in discovering the details
of the foreign language. In an EFLsetting,students acquire most of the information about the
target language from books, videos, and classroom materials to which students are exposed
throughout their language learning process.
It is sometimes fun to ‘play’with the two languages and produce funny translations. Many of
us have heard about the following funny translations from social media or stories told by
friends:
Piliç çevirme: Chicken Translation/Don’t translate chicken
Pazarlama Müdürü: Sundaying Manager
İçli Köfte: Sensitive Meatball
Sıraya gir: Enter the desk
Boşver: Give it empty
etc.
You can add more to the list above to have more fun. Sometimes it is impossible to translate
certain sayings or idioms into English. For example, there is a popular Turkish phrase
nowadays, especially used in the speech balloons of some cartoon characters, ‘Hayırlısı be
gülüm!’, to depict a person who is nonchalant, indifferent to even very important issues as
illustrated in the conversation below.
Hacı: Hey, Ali! İflas etmişsin diyorlar. (Hey, Ali! They say you are bankrupt!)
Ali: Hayırlısı be gülüm!
- 1 -
In this conversation, it would be almost impossible to translate the second sentence into
English because of the cultural aspects it includes. The phrase ‘hayırlısı begülüm’would only
make sense for someone who knows Turkish culture. Therefore, we should not force
ourselves to translate these kinds of cultural phrases in order not to produce funny
translations.
These are good when they are only for fun; however, when they are present in real translated
versions of English statements, they are not only embarrassing butmore importantly ‘wrong’
translations. These problems arise mostly because dictionaries are used in an inappropriate
way. Doing ‘word for word’ or ‘direct’ translation usually results in meaningless and
incorrect translations. To create the same effect in the target text as in the original one, we
should try to find equivalent idiomatic expressions, if not available, then we could provide
an explanation for the idiomatic expressions.
Task 1. Try to translate the following statements into English. First, do word-for-word
translation thentranslate the intended meaning.Find out how many of them can be translated
easily without losing its original meaning.
1. Acele işe şeytan karışır:
2. Adam katıla katıla gülüyordu:
3. Nalları dikti:
4. Onun elinden az çekmedik:
5. Senden adam olmaz:
6. Usta ordan bi pilav üstü kuru versene:
7. Boğazıma patlamış mısır kaçtı:
8. Her işte bir hayır vardır:
9. Topla gel abi topla gel:
10. Kapıyı aralık bırak:
- 2 -
Task 2. To have more fun, read the following translation. Do you think it is funny? If yes,
what makes it funny? What would be the correct translation be like?
Hasan was a very heavy headed boy. His father was a middle-situationed man. To make his
son read in good schools he did everything coming from his hand. He took everything to eye.
His mother was a house woman. Every job used to come from her hand. In making food there
was no one on top of her. You eat your fingers from the taste of the observations she makes.
This woman made her hair a brush for her son. When Hasan became sick, she cried her two
eyes two fountains. When Hasan finished lycee he wanted to be a tooth doctor, and he entered
the university exams and won Tootherness School. In the school he met Jale. Hasan was hit
to Jale in first look but Jale was not hit to him in the first look. However her blood boiled to
him. A few weeks later they cooked the job. Jale’s father was a money-father. He turned the
corner many years ago by making dreamy export. But Jale was not like her father. She was
a very low hearted girl. Her father wanted to make her marry to his soldierness friend’s son
Abdurrahim. Abdurrahim finished first school and didn’t read later. He became a rough
uncle. He started to turn dirty jobs when he was a crazy blooded man. He was his mother’s
eye. He said, “HIK” and he fell from his father’s nose. So three under, five up he was like his
father. When he saw Jale, he put eye to her. His inside went. His mouth got watered. His eyes
opened like a fortune stone. To be able to see Jale, Hasan’s inside was eating his inside.
Finally,together they went to a park. When they were wrinkling in the park, Abdurrahim saw
them. First he pulled a deep inside. And then his eyes turned. He couldn’t control himself. He
decided to leave them head to head. At that moment the devil poked him. He fit to the devil,
pulled his gun and fired. However, a man passing stayed under lead rain and poor man went
to who hit. He planted the horseshoes. Then the mirrorlesses came. They took all of them
under eye. Jale’s inside was blood crying. The man died eye seeing seeing. And so, this job
finished in the black arm.
(Adapted from http://www.ingilish.com/ingilishcomics.htm)
Another consideration related to funny and wrong translations is about the translation of
proverbs. As we all know, Turkish is very rich in terms of proverbs and they are used quite
frequently by people in daily life, in newspapers, even in scientific documents. Therefore,
student translators must be careful about the translation of Turkish proverbs. For example,
take the following famous proverb in Turkish:
Ak akçe kara gün içindir.
How can this proverb be translated into English? Would it be possible to say:
‘White money is for a black day.’
It is not possible because this is a direct translation and would not make any sense. Instead,
the translator needs to look for an equivalent proverb which would give a similar meaning.
If an equivalent proverb is not available, then the translator needs to explain the meaning of
theproverb. The above Turkish proverb can be expressed by the following equivalent English
proverb:
Keep something for a rainy day.
- 3 -
Task 3. Try to translate the following Turkish proverbs into English. Be careful about
producing funny or nonsense translations.
1. Acı patlıcanı kırağı çalmaz.
—————————————————————————————————————
2. Aç it fırını deler.
—————————————————————————————————————
3. Aç tavuk arpa sandığını sayıklar.
—————————————————————————————————————
4. Ağaç yaş iken eğilir.
—————————————————————————————————————
5. Ağlamayan çocuğa meme verilmez.
—————————————————————————————————————
6. Altın çamura düşmekle değer yitirmez.
—————————————————————————————————————
7. Araba devrildikten sonra yol gösteren çok olur.
—————————————————————————————————————
8. Armut ağacın dibine düşer.
—————————————————————————————————————
9. Aslanın ölüsünden tilkinin dirisi yeğdir.
—————————————————————————————————————
10. Ayağını yorganına göre uzat.
—————————————————————————————————————
11. Ayinesi iştir kişinin lafa bakılmaz.
—————————————————————————————————————
12. Adamın adı çıkacağına canı çıksın.
—————————————————————————————————————
- 4 -
UNIT 2
TRANSLATING SCIENTIFIC TEXTS
Scientific texts are usually in the form of journal articles, paper presentations, and dissertations.
As the text type itself offers, the language used in these texts are sometimes different from other
types of texts. These differences are apparent in the choice of vocabularyand grammar.
In scientific texts, vocabulary is rather formal. For example, ‘children’would be preferred
instead of ‘kids’; or the verb ‘mention’is preferred to ‘say’or ‘tell’. Grammar also reflects a
formal point of view in scientific texts. Complex sentences are preferred to simple and
compound sentences; passive voice is used more frequently than in any other text type.
Translation of scientific texts is also special. In these types of texts, the translators have a
lessened degree of freedom in translation, especially in comparison with the translation of
literary texts or non-scientific articles or essays. In a panel organized in the United States to
discuss the expediency and difficulties of scientific translation, some issues were mentioned
by scientists, editors, and translators (Gregoline, Conti Morcos, Howard, Thivierge &
Ransome, 2002).
According to Bethany Thivierge (in Gregoline et al., 2012), a biomedical translator, the
primary job of a scientific text translator is to write the information in the scientific text in a
correct, concise, and clear way.Therefore, we cannot talk about the ‘sense’of the translator
inserted in the translation of a scientific text. Another important consideration related to the
translation of the scientific texts is the knowledge of the translator about the subject matter
of the text to be translated. For example, if a translator, who has no or very little information
about medical sciences, is asked to translate a medical research report to be published in a
scientific medical journal may have difficulties using the appropriate language in the
translation. Here, it would be best to work with someone (probably the owner of the original
text) who is competent in the subject matter; if not possible, to work with a dictionary of
medical terms and concepts. In short, scientific translators are in need of being
knowledgeable and competent in the subject matter not only in the source language but also
in the target language.
In conclusion, Bethany Thivierge indicates that the following nine items are desired in
scientific translations (Gregoline et al., 2002: 188):
• working for the intended audience
• respecting choices made by the author
• respecting preferences
• understanding of sciences
- 5 -
• understanding of languages
• constructive queries
• working for publication
• familiarity with current practices
• timely exchange of work
Language of Scientific Texts
As mentioned above, translators need to be conversant with the subject matter and the
language of the subject matter in both the source and the target languages. Moreover, the
language of the scientific texts has certain characteristics shared by texts regardless of subject
matter. In this section, we will look closer at the specific language use in scientific texts.
The scientific texts (especially dissertations or books) usually open with a ‘contents’page,
which lists the chapters or other items in the text. The following list will give you an
understanding of the possible translation of the contents page found in a dissertation or book:
(Adapted from http://tr.bab.la/cumle-kaliplari/bilimsel/icindekiler/turkce-ingilizce/)
Contents (İçindekiler): Content and Indexing (İçerik ve Endeksleme)
Information/Explanation
Turkish English
(Bilgi/Açıklama)
Metnin bölümlerinin kronolojik olarak
İçindekiler / Fihrist Table of Contents
sıralı bir listesi
Rakamlar / Şekiller / Metindeki şekillerin kronolojik olarak
List of Figures
Figürler Listesi hazırlanmış bir listesi
Metindeki tabloların kronolojik olarak
Tablolar Listesi List of Tables
hazırlanmış bir listesi
Metnin sonuna eklenen tamamlayıcı (ek)
Ek / İlave Appendix
materyal
Teknik terimlerin ve açıklamalarının
Terimler Sözlüğü Glossary
alfabetik listesi
Yararlanılan kaynakların ve eserlerin
Kaynakça Bibliography
sistematik bir listesi
Bir dökümandaki ilgili materyalin nerede
İndeks / Endeks / bulunabileceğini gösteren işaretçilerle bir
Index
Katalog tezin sonundaki kelimeler ve kalıpların
listesi
- 6 -
