Transition Metals in Supramolecular Chemistry

422 Pages·1999·19.251 MB·English

by  Sauvage J.-P.

Transition Metals in
Supramolecular Chemistry
Editorial Board
Founding Editor
J.-M. Lehn, College de France, Chiniie des Interactions Moleculaires, 11 Place
Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, France
Editors
J.-F'. Behr, Facultir de Pharmacie, Universite Louis Pasteur, Strasbourg, B.P. 24,
F-6740 1, Illkirch, France
G.R. Desiraju, University of Hyderabad, School of Chemistry, Hyderabad 500 134,
India
A.D. Hamilton, Yale University, Department of Chemistry, New Haven, CT 06520,
USA
T. Kunitake, Kyushu University, Faculty of Engineering, Hakozaki, Fukouka 8 12,
Japan
D.N. Reinhoudt, University of Twenty, Faculty of Chemical Technology, P.O. Box
2 17, NL-7500 AE Enshede, The Netherlands
J.P-Sauvage, UniversitC Louis Pasteur, Institut le Bel, 4 Rue Blaisse Pascal, F-67070
Strasbourg, France
Transition Metals
in Supramolecular
Chemistry
Perspectives in
Supramolecular Chemistry
Yolume 5
EDITEDBY JEAN-PIERRSEA UVAGE
UniversitC. Louis Pusteuc France
JOHN WlLEY & SONS
Chichester * New York * Weinheim * Brisbane * Singapore * Toronto
Copyright 0 1999 John Wiley & Sons Ltd,
Baffins Lane, Chichester,
West Sussex PO 19 IUD, England
National 01243 779777
International ([phone]
e-mail (for orders and customer service enquiries): [email protected]
Visit our Home Page on http://www.wiley.co.uk
or http://www.wiley.com
All Rights Reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or
transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or
otherwise, except under the terms of the Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 or under the terms of a
licence issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London WIP 9HE, UK,
without the permission in writing of the publisher.
Other cyiley Editorial Ojjces
John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 605 Third Avenue,
New York, NY 10158-0012, USA
WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH, Pappelallee 3,
D-69469 Weinheim, Germany
Jacaranda Wiley Ltd, 33 Park Road Milton,
Queensland 4064, Australia
John Wiley Sons (Asia) Pte Ltd, Clementi Loop #02-01,
Jim Xing Distripark, Singapore 129809
John Wiley & Sons (Canada) Ltd, 22 Worcester Road,
Rexdale, Ontario M9W 1L1, Canada
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Transition metals in supramolecular chemistry / edited by Jean-Pierre
Sauvage.
p. cm. - (Perspectives in supramolecular chemistry ; v. 5)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 0471-97620-2
1. Transition metal complexes. 2. Macromolecules. I. Sauvage,
Jean-Pierre. 11. Series.
QD474.T69 1999
546’.&dc21 98-54677
CIP
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
ISBN 0 471 97620 2
Typeset in 10/12pt Times by Techset Composition Ltd, Salisbury, Wiltshire
Printed and bound in Great Britain by Biddles Ltd, Guildford and King’s Lynn
This book is printed on acid-free paper responsibly manufactured from sustainable forestry, in which at
least two trees are planted for each one used for paper production.
Contents
Contributors vii
Preface ix
1 Ligand and Metal Control of Self-Assembly in Supramolecular
Chemistry
Rolf W. Saalfrank and Bernhard Deinleitner I
2 Bistability in Iron (11) Spin-Crossover Systems: A Supramolecular
Function
Jose Antonio Real 53
3 Fluorescent Sensors for and with Transition Metals
Luigi Fabbrizzi, Maurizio Licchelh, Piersandro Palhvicini, Luisa Parodi
and Angelo Taglietti 93
4 The Chirality of Polynuclear Transition Metal Complexes
Christophe Provent and Alan F. Williams 135
Design and Serendipity in the Synthesis of Polymetallic Complexes
5
of the 3d-Metals
Richard E. Winpenny 193
P.
6 Rotaxanes: From Random to Transition Metal-Templated
Threading of Rings at the Molecular Level
Jean-Claude Chambron 225
vi Contents
7 Metallomesogens-Supramolecular Organization of Metal
Complexes in Fluid Phases
Simon Collinson Duncan W. Bruce 285
and
8 Self-Assembly of Interlocked Structures with Cucurbituril,
Metal Ions and Metal Complexes
Kimoon Kim 37 1
Cumulative Author Index 403
Cumulative Title Index 407
Index 409
Contributors
Duncan W. Bruce, School of Chemistry, University of Exeter, Stocker Road Exeter,
EX4 4QD, UK
Jean-Claude Chambron, Faculte de Chimie, Universite Louis Pasteur, 67000
Strasbourg, France
Simon Collinson, School of Chemistry, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter,
EX4 4QD, UK
Bernhard Demleitner, Institut fir Organische Cheinie der Universitat Erlangen-
Nurnberg, Henkestrasse 42, D-9 I054 Erlangen, Germany
Luigi Fabbrizzi, Dip. Chimica Generale, Universita di Pavia, Via Taramelli 12,
1-27 100 Pavia, Italy
Maurizio Licchelli, Dip. Chimica Generale, Universita di Pavia, Via Taramelli 12,
1-27 100 Pavia, Italy
Kimoon Kim, National Creative Research Initiative, Center for Smart
Supramolecules and Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and
Technology, San 3 1, Hyojadong, Pohang 790-784, South Korea
Piersandro Pallavicini, Dip. Chimica Generale, Universita di Pavia, Via Taramelli
12, 1-27 100 Pavia, Italy
Luisa Parodi, Dip. Chimica Generale, Universita di Pavia, Via Taramelli 12,
1-27 100 Pavia, Italy
...
Vlll Contributors
Christophe Provent, Dtpartement de Chimie Minerale, Analytique et Appliquee,
Universite de Genkve, 30 quai Ernest Ansermet, CH 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
JosC Antonio Real, Departament de Quimica Inorganica, Facultat de Quimica,
Universitat de Valencia, 46 100 Burjassot, Spain
Rolf W. Saalfrank, Institut fir Organische Chemie der Universitat Erlangen-
Niirnberg, Henkestrasse 42, D-9 1054 Erlangen, Germany
Angelo Taglietti, L Dip. Chimica Generale, Universita di Pavia, Via Taramelli 12,
1-27 100 Pavia, Italy
Alan F. Williams, Dtpartement de Chimie Minerale, Analytique et Appliquee,
Universitk de Geneve, 30 quai Ernest Ansermet, CH 121 1 Geneva 4, Switzerland
Richard E. P. Winpenny, Department of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, West
Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3 JJ, Scotland
Preface
The pioneering work of Pedersen, Lehn and Cram on various cyclic structures acting
as hosts, and their interactions with cationic species, is considered as the start of
modern supramolecular chemistry-the chemistry of weak forces and noncovalent
interactions. Clearly, 30 years ago transition metals and their complexes were not
regarded as important components in such structures, and the fields of ‘host-guest’
recognition and coordination chemistry were very distinct with almost nothing to
share. Things have dramatically changed! It suffices to wander through the eight
following contributions to realize that transition metal complexes are nowadays used
almost routinely to build large multicomponent architectures. These often display
new and exciting properties on the way to molecular devices for specific functions.
Transition metals are utilized to construct fascinating structures such as ‘rotax-
anes’ (a rotaxane is a ring threaded by an open-chain fragment bearing two bulky
groups at its ends so as to prevent dethreading), or beautiful and novel multi-
component assemblies such as helices, grids and related high-nuclearity complexes.
Another very active field of research, related to supramolecular sciences, is
concerned with liquid crystals incorporating more and more sophisticated transition
metal complexes and thus displaying increasingly well-defined and specific proper-
ties related to both their mesogen nature and the presence of transition metal centres.
Molecular magnetism constitutes another promising facet of modem coordination
chemistry and the field has produced in recent years both magnificent solid-state
structures and properties. The use of transition metal binding sites associated with
various lurninophores, for instance has also led to the development of promising
molecular switches.
If the present volume covers a relatively broad field of coordination and
supramolecular chemistry, I am conscious that other important related areas of
research are not represented, in particular those related to biology. Nevertheless, this
book gives an excellent and contemporary view of the ‘abiotic’ side, and we hope
that it will contribute to stimulate ideas and interactions between researchers from
various disciplines.
Jean-Pierre Sauvage
Strushnurg, Muy 2 7, 1998
Chapter 1
Ligand and Metal Control of
Self-Assembly in
Supramolecular Chemistry
ROLF W SAALFRANK AND BERNHARD DEMLEITNER
University Erlungen-Nurnberg, Germany
1 INTRODUCTION
Self-assembly [I-161 is ubiquitous in nature, where the process is used to create
complex functional biological structures with precision. Biologically self-assembled
structures are built up by a modular approach from simple, ordinary subunits, thus
minimizing the amount of information required for a specific ensemble. Among the
most notable biologically self-assembled structures is the tobacco mosaic virus
(TMV) [17]. However, chemistry is not limited to systems similar to those found in
nature; chemists are free to create unknown unnatural species and to invent novel
processes. Driven by the quest for new host molecules, self-assembly has been
recognized as a powerful methodology for the construction of supramolecular
systems. The conceptual basis underlying self-assembled transition metal complexes
makes structures generally analogous to the well-established organic-based mole-
cular host-guest systems accessible. This analogy has proven highly successful for
the controlled self-assembly of numerous clusters with predesigned molecular
architectures. While much of the present work in supramolecular chemistry remains
focused on the development of organic molecular recognition agents, there is an
increasing interest in hosts that contain transition metals. Consequently, the
predictable nature of coordination chemistry has been used successhlly to generate
the metallatopomers 4-6 of the coronates 1, (2)-cryptates 2, and (3)-cryptates 3
TmnunsifionM etals in Suprurnoiecuiar Chemistry, edited by J P Sauvage
0 1999 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.