TRANSAERO — A European Initiative on Transient Aerodynamics for Railway System Optimisation

384 Pages·2002·16.56 MB·English

by  Dietrich Knörzer (auth.)

79 Notes on Numerical Fluid Mechanics and Multidisciplinary Design (NNFM)
Editors
E. H. Hirschel/Miinchen
K. FujiilKanagawa
W. Haase/Miinchen
B. van Leer/Ann Arbor
M. A. Leschziner/London
M. PandolfifTorino
J. PeriauxlParis
A. Rizzi/Stockholm
B. RomuMarseille
Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg GmbH
ONLINE LIBRARY
Engineering
http://www.springer.de/engine/
TRANSAERO-
A European Initiative
on Transient Aerodynamics
for Railway System
Optimisation
Burkhard Schulte-Werning, Remi Gregoire,
Antonio Malfatti and Gerd Matschke (Editors)
, Springer
Dr. Burkhard Scbulte-Werning
Gerd Matschke
Deutscbe Bahn AG
DB Systemtechnik
Volckerstr. 5
D -80939 Muncben
Germany
Remi Gregoire
Societe National de Cbemin de Fer Francais
Direction de la Recherche et de la Technologie
45 rue de Londres
F -75379 Paris Cedex 08
France
Antonio Malfatti
FS-Tren italia Spa
Unita Tecnologie Materiale Rotabile
Viale S. Lavagnini, 58
1-50129 Firenze
Italy
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data applied for
Die Deutsche Bibliotbek -Cip-Einheitsaufnahme
TRANSAERO -a European initiative on transient aerodynamics for railway system optimisation I
Burkbard Schulte-Werning ... (ed). Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York in 2002
(Notes on numerical fluid mecbanics and multidisciplinary design (NNFM) ; 79)
(Engineering online library)
ISSN 0179-9614
ISBN 978-3-642-07761-6 ISBN 978-3-540-45854-8 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-3-540-45854-8
Tbis work is subject to copyright. All rigbts are reserved, wbether tbe whole or part oftbe material is concerned,
specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, re-use of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on
microfilms or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted
under the provisions of the German Copyrigbt Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use
must always be obtained from Springer-Verlag. Violations are liable for prosecution under tbe German Copyright
Law.
http://www.springer.de
© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2002
Originally published by Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York in 2002
Softcover reprint of the bardcover 1st edition 2002
Tbe use of general descriptive names, trademarks, etc. in tbis publication does not imply, even in tbe absence of a specific
statement, tbat such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and tberefore free for
general use.
Cover design: de'blik, Berlin
Printed on acid-free paper SPIN: 10866898 62/3020M -5 4 3 2 I 0
NNFM Editor Addresses
Prof. Dr. Ernst Heinrich Hirschel Prof. Dr. Maurizio Pandolfi
(General editor) Politecnico di Torino
Herzog-Heinrich-Weg 6 Dipartimento di Ingegneria Aeronautica
0-85604 Zorneding e Spaziale
Germany Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 24
E-mail: [email protected] 1-10129 Torino
Italy
Prof. Dr. Kozo Fujii E-mail: [email protected]
Space Transportation Research Division
The Institute of Space and Astronautical Science Prof. Dr. Jaques Periaux
3-1-1, Yoshinodai, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Dassault Aviation
229-8510 78, Quai Marcel Dassault
Japan F-92552 St. Cloud Cedex
E-mail: [email protected] France
E-mail: [email protected]
Dr. Werner Haase
Hohenkirchener Str. 19d Prof. Dr. Arthur Rizzi
0-85662 Hohenbrunn Department of Aeronautics
Germany KTH Royal Institute of Technology
E-mail: [email protected] Teknikringen 8
S-10044 Stockholm
Prof. Dr. Bram van Leer
Sweden
Department of Aerospace Engineering
E-mail: [email protected]
The University of Michigan
Ann Arbor,MI 48109-2140 Dr. Bernard Roux
USA IRPHE-IMT
E-mail: [email protected] Technopole de Chateau-Gombert
F-13451 Marseille Cedex 20
Prof. Dr. Michael A. Leschziner
France
Department of Engineering
E-mail: [email protected]
Queen Mary & Westfield College (QMW)
University of London
Mile End Road
London El 4NS
U.K.
E-mail: [email protected]
Notes in Numerical Fluid Mechanics and Multidisciplinary Design
(NNFM)
Editorial
Beginning with this volume this series has a new title. In the last years we have tacitly included
in our volumes contributions with multidisciplinary character. Since some years the vast
growth of computer performance is acting as a pacemaker for the development of numerical
methods in multidisciplinary design, where numerical fluid mechanics is a deciding factor. We
are now opening the series fully to this topic. To emphasise this we are extending its title to
Notes on Numerical Fluid Mechanics and Multidisciplinary Design (NNFM). We are confident
that the opening of the series towards multidisciplinary design will serve the needs of our
readers and contributors.
The Series Editors Springer-Verlag
Preface
This volume entitled "TRANSAERO - A European Initiative on Transient Aerodynamics for
Railway System Optimisation" contains the results of the contributors during the project
symposium which took place in Paris, France, on 4th and 5th May 1999 hosted by the
International Union of Railways, UIC. This symposium was organised within the framework of
the BRITE/EURAM project "TRANSAERO" under contract BRPR-CT9S-0067. The project has
been co-financed by the European Union within the Fourth Research Framework Programme.
More than 100 participants followed the invitation to the symposium. This great response
shows the continuing interest in a relevant topic of railway technology and offered us the
opportunity to present the recent results of intense European collaboration to the international
community of railway aerodynamic experts.
In the last few decades, mobility in Europe, based on automobiles for individual traffic and
lorries for freight traffic, has grown more and more; yearly growth rates of more than 10% have
often been reported by statistics. Even with a fully developed construction programme for
motorways and similar high-performance roads, these growth rates cumulated over the years
cannot easily be handled in an environment-friendly way. The European Commission has
therefore given distinct political signals to get more passengers onto the railways. This policy
represents a clear challenge for the next few decades for European railway companies: the
considerable increase in mobility in a Europe with falling borders will cause a doubling of the
traffic volume within the next 10 to 20 years.
Since an efficient trans-European transportation network is indispensable to handle the
mobility increase and the road network has reached its socio-ecological limits, the railway
network will be strengthened. As part of it, an attractive high-speed network plays a key role in
the strengthening concept. Of course, the high standard of safety has to be kept while
interoperability across the former national borders, which are now changing into technical
interfaces between different railway sub-networks, has to be ensured.
The TRANSAERO-Project is the first project within the Community research framework of the
European Union where the European railway undertakings operating high-speed lines with
maximum speeds over 200 km/h joined their forces and budgets to investigate aerodynamic
effects of increasing importance for a modern railway system.
The acronym TRANSAERO stands for "Transient Aerodynamics for Railway System
Optimisation". It bundles the expertise of three railway companies and eight universities and
research institutions in Europe to make a major step in progress of the physical understanding
and the technical development of the time-dependent effects of side-wind forces, trains passing
and pressure waves in tunnels.
All of these questions simultaneously involve high-speed rolling stock, infrastructure and
operating conditions, which is typical for the systemic approach that should govern most of the
today's railway questions. Since efficient and economically satisfying solutions to transient
aerodynamic problems cannot be found on one single component of the system alone, they
need to be studied by considering the entire railway system with its interdependencies.
We would like to express our particular thanks to Dr. D. Knorzer of the European Commission
DG Research for his constant technical interest and fruitful discussions during the 31f2-year
contract period.
We wish to express our gratitude to the UIC in Paris -especially to Mr W. Breitling for his offer
to open the UIC headquarters and the conference room "Friedrich List" there as probably the
most aptly named location for a railway-engineering symposium to take place and for his
backing in the preparation phase.
We thank Mrs. V. Priou of UIC for her encouraging support both prior to and during the
symposium.
We also thank all the TRANSAERO partners for contributing to the impassioned debates and
scientific discussions in the course of the project and for providing the contributions for this
volume. In addition to this, many personal relationships were set up among the partners.
The editors would also like to express their sincere thanks to Mrs B. Eckl of DB AG for her
encouraging co-ordinating support of TRANSAERO from the preparation to the mid-term
phase.
The editors are grateful to Prof. Dr. E.H. Hirschel as the general editor of the "Notes on
Numerical Fluid Mechanics and Multidisciplinary Design" and also to the staff of the Springer
Verlag for the opportunity to publish the results of the TRANSAERO project in this series.
We look forward to this volume being used as a "state-of-the-art" reference by scientists and
engineers involved in solving aerodynamical problems related to railway traffic in the years to
come.
Burkhard Schulte-Werning
Remi Gregoire
Antonio Malfatti
Gerd Matschke
September 2001
x
Contents
I. General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
D. KNORZER: Technology Acquisition Through the Research Framework Programmes
of the European Union. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
B. SCHULTE-WERNING: The TRANSAERO Project -Joint European Railway
Research on Transient Aerodynamics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
II. Side Wind . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
G. MATSCHKE, C. HEINE: Full Scale Tests on Side Wind Effects on Trains.
Evalution of Aerodynamic Coefficients and Efficiency of Wind Breaking Devices. . . . 27
H. LIENHART: Wind Monitoring System for Full Scale Tests on Trains. . . . . . . . . . 39
C. BAKER: The Wind Tunnel Determination of Crosswind Forces and Moments
on a High-Speed Train. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
C. FAUCHIER, E. LE DEVEHAT, R. GREGOIRE: Numerical Study of the
Turbulent Flow Around the Reduced Scale Model of an Inter-Regio . . . . . . . . . . . 61
W. KHIER, M. BREUER, F. DURST: Numerical Computation of3-D Turbulent
Flow Around High-Speed Trains Under Side Wind Conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
G. MATSCHKE: WPI Side Wind Effects: Summary and Conclusions. . . . . . . . . . . . 87
III. Trains Passing Effects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
G. MANCINI, A. MALFATTI: Full Scale Measurements on High Speed Train
ETR 500Passing in Open Air and in Tunnels ofItalian High Speed Line . . . . . . . .. 101
T. JOHNSON, S. DALLEY: 1/25 Scale Moving Model Tests for the TRANSAERO
Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 123
T. BERENGER, A. KESSLER, R. GREGOIRE: Part 1: Panel Method Applied to the
Prediction of Unsteady Effects Caused by High-Speed Trains Passing, in the Open Air
and in Tunnels. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 136
T. BERENGER, R. GREGOIRE: Part 2: Panel Method Applied to Problems of
European High-Speed Train Interoperability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 148