TRAFFIC SAFETY Using Engineering to Reduce Accidents Philip Anthony Gold

228 Pages·2004·12.65 MB·English

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INTER-AMERICAN DEVELOPMENT BANK
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TRAFFIC SAFETY r
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Using Engineering r
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to Reduce Accidents td
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Philip Anthony Gold heati
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1999
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The opinions expressed herein are the author's and do not necessarily represent ve:
those of the Inter-American Development Bank. et
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Traffic Safety
Using Engineering to Reduce Accidents
© 1999 Inter-American Development Bank
All Rights Reserved
Printed in the United States of America
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This Book is dedicated to Helena, Carolina and Thomas, companions h
on this long journey, and to all the victims of accidents that could g
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have been avoided with better traffic engineering. l b
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PREFACE e
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The Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) is pleased to publish in English a book that has proven i
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useful in reducing traffic accidents, one of the main causes of death in Latin America and the Caribbean. l b
The author, Philip A. Gold, is a consultant to the IDB for traffic safety. Alu
The book gives traffic engineers, planners, and managers a methodology to identify, analyze, and cor- . p
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rect factors that cause traffic accidents. The procedures and materials required are of low cost and simple ng
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installation, accessible to most entities that administer traffic systems. The book focuses on critical spots ao
on urban roads. The methods and solutions are equally useful for reducing accidents elsewhere on urban B.
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roads and on interurban highways and rural roads. t d
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This book is based on work contracted in 1987 by the Institute for Applied Economic Research (IPEA) of ea
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Brazil. During the last 12 years, the author has used the material in numerous traffic safety training mw.
courses and has used this unique opportunity to test, revise, and update the contents, resulting in the pw
current volume. o
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The manual has both practical and didactic characteristics. It presents the elements of road design, signs, e
signals, and markings (or their absence) and the behaviour of drivers and pedestrians that, separately or ve:
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in combination, cause accidents. This diagnosis is followed by an examination of corrective traffic engi- Di
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neering to reduce accidents, along with ways to monitor the results. The book complements existing n b
norms by showing how traffic engineering techniques may be more widely and correctly utilised. ae
A previous version of the book was awarded the Volvo Traffic Safety Prize in 1993 (for Region 2 of cw
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Brazil, composed of the States of Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro). The book was published by the IDB in rr
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Spanish and Portuguese in 1998.
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Charles L. Wright -s
Senior Economist, Projects ervi
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Division of Finance and Basic Infrastructure, Region 1 nn
Inter-American Development Bank Io

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
(for the original work, 1987)
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The research for this book was made possible with the help and collaboration of numerous e
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individuals and entities, especially: The Urban Transport Secretariat of the Ministry of Urban
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Development of Brazil, including Secretaries Alcidino Bittencourt Pereira and Januario Elcio e
Louren9O and Coordinator Antonio Mauricio Ferreira Netto; Adriano Murgel Branco, ex- s
e
Secretary of Transport of the State of Sao Paulo; staff of the Brazilian Urban Transport Com- r
pany - EBTU; and a large number of technical staff and authorities that cooperated with the s
author during technical visits. t
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Several IPLAN/IPEA staff members deserve special mention. Ricardo Luis Santiago, President g
of IPEA, and Flavio Rabelo Versiani, Superintendent of IPLAN approved the project and se- ri
cured its financing; Charles L. Wright, Coordinator of Transport and Communications, car- l b
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ried out the supervision and technical editing; and Jose Alex Sant'Anna provided technical Au
revision and useful comments. . p
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Airton Perez Mergulhao and Fernando Antonio Garcia collaborated as co-authors, draftsmen n
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and photographers for Chapters 10 and 11. The original work was carried out at VETEC ao
Engenharia S/C Ltda., with the support of Victor Abel Grostein, Roberto Araujo Pereira, and Bb.

other staff members. Rene Jose Micheletti made the artistic drawings. td
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Many of the ideas and examples, tables and figures contained in this book are results of the ei
work of Philip Gold at the Traffic Engineering Company (CET) of the City of Sao Paulo, be- mw.
tween 1982 and 1986, in the Department of Traffic Safety and Technical Standards. Special pw
thanks go to the President of the CET during that time, Gilberto Monteiro Lehfeld, for stimu- ow
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lating the interest of technical staff of the CET and of other Brazilian entities in the utilisation e
of engineering measures to prevent accidents. ve:
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(for the English version) cw
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Charles L Wright, Coordinator and Editor rr
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This book was translated from the Portuguese by the author, Philip A. Gold; Dharm Guru- At
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suamy, Peter Zoll, Jennifer Cody and I reviewed the manuscript prior to publication, and -s
Gloria Vetter did the desktop publishing. ervi
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The publication of this volume in English, Portuguese, and Spanish was supported by Ricardo nn
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Santiago, Manager, and Eduardo Halperin, interim Chief, and Silvia Sagari, Chief of the Di-
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vision of Finance and Basic Infrastructure, all of Region 1 of the Inter-American Develop- hat
ment Bank. The present English volume also received the support of Antonio Vives, Deputy tm

Manager of the Bank's Sustainable Development Department, and of Jaime Fernandez, Chief, y
and Peter Zoll, Senior Operations Specialist, both of the Division of Finance and Basic Infra- bor
structure of Region 3 of the IDB. © f
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The Brazilian Institute of Applied Economic Research (Instituto de Pesquisa Economica t i
Aplicada - IPEA) financed the original study from which this volume evolved. IPEA gener- he
gr
ously ceded the rights to the study to the IDB, allowing the Bank to make this volume widely o
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available to the three largest linguistic groups in Latin America and the Caribbean. rm
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