Tradicijske sorte i pasmine Dalmacije

593 Pages·2015·59.893 MB·Croatian

by  Roman Ozimec ed.

Impresum
Tradicijske sorTe i pasmine dalmacije recenZenTi
Toni Nikolić, Martin Schneider †, Borut Stumberger
nakladnik
Program Ujedinjenih naroda za razvoj Veliku zahvalnost dugujemo iznimnom prirodoslovcu
Martinu Schneideru (1956.–2012.) koji je svojim struč-
Za nakladnika nim komentarima i savjetima sudjelovao u recenziji ove
Sandra Vlašić knjige. Martin Schneider bio je jedan od rijetkih biolo-
Louisa Vinton ga koji je još prije trideset godina upozoravao na ulogu i
važnost tradicijskih sorti i pasmina u zaštiti prirode.
sunakladnici
Državni zavod za zaštitu prirode lekTura
Javna ustanova ‘’Nacionalni park Krka’’ Juliette Janušić
Zadarska županija
Javna ustanova ReraSD za koordinaciju i prijevod i lekTura enGleskoG TeksTa
razvoj Splitsko - dalmatinske županije Graham McMaster
Dubrovačko - neretvanska županija
auTori foToGrafija
Glavni i odGovorni urednici Sandro Bogdanović, Ljiljana Borovečki Voska, Ivan
Roman Ozimec, Snježana Mihinica Bura, Ivo Kara Pešić, Gordana Kožarić Silov, Ivica
Lolić, Edi Maletić, Semir Maslo, Zdravko Matotan,
auTori Bojan Mazanek, Thomas Mravičić, Toni Nikolić,
Roman Ozimec Roman Ozimec, Ana Peraica, Ivo Pervan, Darko
Jasminka Karoglan Kontić Petanjek, Gordana Petrovčić, Mira Radunić, Ivan
Edi Maletić Raič, Frane Strikić, Borut Stumberger, Marija Ševar,
Zdravko Matotan Stanislav Štambuk
Frane Strikić
oblikovanje i priprema Za Tisak
Kudos studio
idejno rješenje naslovnice
Krešimir Kraljević
2 TRADICIJSKE SORTE I PASMINE DALMACIJE
Publication details
TradiTional varieTies and breeds of dalmaTia reviewers
Toni Nikolić, Martin Schneider †, Borut Stumberger
publisher
United Nations Development Programme We are greatly indebted to the outstanding naturalist
Martin Schneider (1956-2012), who made a significant
for The publisher contributing to the reviewing of this book with his well-
Sandra Vlašić informed comments and suggestions. Martin Schneider
Louisa Vinton was one of the few biologists to draw attention, as long
as thirty years ago, to the role and importance of traditi-
Co-publishers onal varieties and breeds in nature protection.
State Institute for Nature Protection
Public Institution Krka National Park copy ediTinG
Zadar County Juliette Janušić
Public Institution ReraSD for coordination and
development of Split-Dalmatia County enGlish TranslaTion and ediTinG
Dubrovnik-Neretva County Graham McMaster
ediTors in-chief phoToGraphs by
Roman Ozimec, Snježana Mihinica Sandro Bogdanović, Ljiljana Borovečki Voska, Ivan
Bura, Ivo Kara Pešić, Gordana Kožarić Silov, Ivica
auThors Lolić, Edi Maletić, Semir Maslo, Zdravko Matotan,
Roman Ozimec Bojan Mazanek, Thomas Mravičić, Toni Nikolić,
Jasminka Karoglan Kontić Roman Ozimec, Ana Peraica, Ivo Pervan, Darko
Edi Maletić Petanjek, Gordana Petrovčić, Mira Radunić, Ivan
Zdravko Matotan Raič, Frane Strikić, Borut Stumberger, Marija Ševar,
Frane Strikić Stanislav Štambuk
desiGn and prepress
Kudos studio
oriGinal idea for The cover
Krešimir Kraljević
TRADICIJSKE SORTE I PASMINE DALMACIJE 3
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ru provedbe COAST projekta (Conservation and Su-
stainable Use of Biodiversity in the Dalmatian Coast Umnožavanje ove publikacije ili njezinih dijelova u
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cijski su potpomogli Javna ustanova „Nacionalni park
Krka“, Zadarska županija, Javna ustanova ReraSD za ISBN 978-953-7429-51-5
koordinaciju i razvoj Splitsko-dalmatinske županije te
Dubrovačko-neretvanska županija. CIP zapis je dostupan u računalnome katalogu Naci-
onalne i sveučilišne knjižnice u Zagrebu pod brojem
000901673.
4 TRADICIJSKE SORTE I PASMINE DALMACIJE
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The preparation of this book was fully financed by the
United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) The opinions of the authors stated in this publication do
in Croatia and Global Environment Fund (GEF), as not necessarily reflect the official viewpoint of UNDP.
part of the COAST project (Conservation and Su-
stainable Use of Biodiversity in the Dalmatian Coast Reproduction of this publication or parts of it in any
through Greening Coastal Development – Project form and distribution of the same are not permitted
ID 00050301 PIMS 2439). The printing of this publi- without prior written approval from the publisher.
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Krka National Park, Zadar County, Public Institution ISBN 978-953-7429-51-5
ReraSD for coordination and development of Split-
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onal Library in Zagreb, file number 000901673.
TRADICIJSKE SORTE I PASMINE DALMACIJE 5
Sadržaj/Contents
Sadržaj/Contents .......................................................................................................................................... 6 A.10. Sorte i pasmine Dalmacije, osnova tradicijskih proizvoda/
Varieties and breeds of Dalmatia, the foundation of
Predgovor (undp) / Foreword (undp)................................................................................ 12
traditional products 72
.........................................................................................................
Predgovor (dzzp) / Foreword (sinp)...................................................................................... 14
A.11. Osobna prirodoslovna karta Dalmacije i Hrvatske/ A
physicogeographical ID of Dalmatia and Croatia .......................... 78
A tradicijske sorte i pasmine dalmacije/ traditional varieties
Literatura/References ....................................................................................................... 82
and breeds of dalmatia
opći dio/ general part (R. Ozimec) 16
................................................................................
B tradicijske sorte i pasmine dalmacije
A.1. Povijesne i geografske osnove Dalmacije/Historical and
Specijalni dio 86
geographical foundations of Dalmatia ......................................................... 18 .............................................................................................................................................
A.2. Geološka, hidrogeomorfološka i krajobrazna podloga
Dalmacije/Geological, hydrological, geomorphological and Maslina (F.Strikić) .................................................................................................................................. 88
landscape background of Dalmatia ................................................................. 24 Prikaz najvažnijih sorti Dalmacije .................................................................... 96
A.3. Klima i vegetacija Dalmacije/Climate and vegetation in Bjelica ....................................................................................................................................................... 98
Dalmatia ......................................................................................................................................... 30 Buharica ................................................................................................................................................ 100
A.4. Stanišna i biološka raznolikost Dalmacije/ Habitat and
Crnica ....................................................................................................................................................... 102
biological diversity in Dalmatia ........................................................................... 36
Drobnica ............................................................................................................................................... 104
A.5. Razvoj poljoprivrede u Dalmaciji/ Development of
Karbunčela ......................................................................................................................................... 106
agriculture in Dalmatia .................................................................................................. 42
Krvavica ................................................................................................................................................. 108
A.6. Genetička osnova i nastanak sorti i pasmina Dalmacije/
Genetic foundation and origin of varieties and breeds in Lastovka ................................................................................................................................................ 110
Dalmatia ......................................................................................................................................... 48 Levantinka .......................................................................................................................................... 112
A.7. Zakonski okvir za sorte i pasmine Dalmacije/ Legislative Lumbardeška ................................................................................................................................... 114
background for varieties and breeds of Dalmatia ............................ 54 Oblica ....................................................................................................................................................... 116
A.8. Ukupna agrobioraznolikost Dalmacije i važnost njenog Dužica ...................................................................................................................................................... 120
očuvanja/ Overall agrobiodiversity of Dalmatia and the
Grozdača ............................................................................................................................................... 121
importance of its preservation ............................................................................... 60
Jeruzalemka ....................................................................................................................................... 122
A.9. Povijesni pregled istraživanja agrobioraznolikosti
Kosmača ................................................................................................................................................ 123
Dalmacije/ Historical survey of research into the
agrobiodiversity of Dalmatia ................................................................................... 66 Murgulja ................................................................................................................................................ 124
6 TRADICIJSKE SORTE I PASMINE DALMACIJE
Paštrica .................................................................................................................................................... 125 Maraština .............................................................................................................................................. 180
Piculja ....................................................................................................................................................... 126 Mladenka ............................................................................................................................................. 182
Sitnica ....................................................................................................................................................... 127 Muškat ruža ...................................................................................................................................... 184
Uljarica .................................................................................................................................................... 128 Ninčuša .................................................................................................................................................. 186
Velika lastovka ................................................................................................................................. 129 Palagružanka bijela .................................................................................................................. 188
Brindićanka ........................................................................................................................................ 130 Petovka ................................................................................................................................................... 190
Divljaka ................................................................................................................................................... 130 Plavac mali ......................................................................................................................................... 192
Literatura ............................................................................................................................................. 131 Plavina .................................................................................................................................................... 194
Pošip bijeli 196
..........................................................................................................................................
Vinova loza (J. Karoglan Kontić & E. Maletić) ........................................................ 132 Prč ................................................................................................................................................................ 198
Prikaz najvažnijih sorti Dalmacije ..................................................................... 140 Vlaška ...................................................................................................................................................... 200
Babica ........................................................................................................................................................ 142 Vugava bijela .................................................................................................................................... 202
Babić ........................................................................................................................................................... 144 Zlatarica blatska ........................................................................................................................... 204
Bogdanuša ............................................................................................................................................ 146 Zlatarica vrgorska ....................................................................................................................... 206
Bratkovina bijela ........................................................................................................................... 148 Žilavka ..................................................................................................................................................... 208
Cetinka ..................................................................................................................................................... 150 Literatura ............................................................................................................................................ 210
Cipar ........................................................................................................................................................... 152
Crljenak kaštelanski .................................................................................................................. 154 Voćne kulture (F. Strikić, dijelom R.Ozimec) ........................................................ 212
Crljenak viški .................................................................................................................................... 156 Žižula (F. Strikić & R. Ozimec) ...................................................................................... 220
Debit ........................................................................................................................................................... 158 Domaća žižula............................................................................................................................ 222
Dobričić .................................................................................................................................................. 160 Rogač........................................................................................................................................................... 224
Drnekuša ............................................................................................................................................... 162 Komiški ............................................................................................................................................ 226
Gegić ........................................................................................................................................................... 164 Šipanski ........................................................................................................................................... 227
Glavinuša ............................................................................................................................................... 166 Puljiški .............................................................................................................................................. 228
Grk ................................................................................................................................................................ 168 Boglić .................................................................................................................................................. 229
Krstičevica ............................................................................................................................................ 170 Medunac ......................................................................................................................................... 229
Kujundžuša ......................................................................................................................................... 172 Šipak ........................................................................................................................................................... 230
Lasina ........................................................................................................................................................ 174 Barski slatki ................................................................................................................................. 232
Ljutun ....................................................................................................................................................... 176 Dubrovački kasni .................................................................................................................. 233
Malvasija dubrovačka .............................................................................................................. 178 Glavaš ................................................................................................................................................. 234
TRADICIJSKE SORTE I PASMINE DALMACIJE 7
Konjski zub .................................................................................................................................. 235 Gorka naranča (R. Ozimec) ............................................................................................... 272
Sladun ............................................................................................................................................... 236 Bajam ......................................................................................................................................................... 274
Zamorski ........................................................................................................................................ 237 Čarski kasni ................................................................................................................................ 276
Slatki tankokorac .................................................................................................................. 238 Knez črnomir ............................................................................................................................. 277
Šerbetaš ........................................................................................................................................... 239 Princeza smokvička ............................................................................................................ 278
Karaderviš ..................................................................................................................................... 240 Smokvički polumekiš ....................................................................................................... 279
Mojdeški krupnozrni ........................................................................................................ 240 Sutivanski ...................................................................................................................................... 279
Šipak crnog zuba ................................................................................................................... 241 Župski ................................................................................................................................................ 280
Murva (F. Strikić & R. Ozimec) ..................................................................................... 242 Nešpola (F. Strikić & R. Ozimec) ................................................................................. 282
Domaća crna i bijela murva ...................................................................................... 244 Domaća krupna nešpola ............................................................................................... 284
Smokva .................................................................................................................................................... 246 Oskoruša .(F. Strikić & R. Ozimec).............................................................................. 286
Bjelica ................................................................................................................................................ 248 Domaća oskoruša ................................................................................................................. 288
Petrovača bijela ....................................................................................................................... 249 Trešnja ...................................................................................................................................................... 290
Šaraguja ........................................................................................................................................... 250 Tugarka ............................................................................................................................................ 292
Termenjača .................................................................................................................................. 251 Gomilička ...................................................................................................................................... 293
Zamorčica ...................................................................................................................................... 252 Stonska ............................................................................................................................................. 294
Bružetka crna ............................................................................................................................ 253 Stonska duge peteljke ...................................................................................................... 295
Vodenjača ...................................................................................................................................... 253 Višnja maraska ................................................................................................................................ 296
Crnica ................................................................................................................................................ 254 Brač-2 ................................................................................................................................................. 298
Petrovača crna .......................................................................................................................... 255 Brač-6 ................................................................................................................................................. 299
Zimica ................................................................................................................................................ 256 Poljička ............................................................................................................................................. 300
Zlatna smokva .......................................................................................................................... 257 Recta ................................................................................................................................................... 301
Četrun (F. Strikić & R. Ozimec) .................................................................................... 258 Sokoluša .......................................................................................................................................... 302
Domaći četrun ......................................................................................................................... 260 Pendula ............................................................................................................................................ 303
Limun (R. Ozimec) ..................................................................................................................... 262 Visulja ................................................................................................................................................ 303
Mandarina ............................................................................................................................................ 264 Vodica ................................................................................................................................................ 304
Zorica rana ................................................................................................................................... 266 Jabuka (R. Ozimec) ..................................................................................................................... 306
Naranča ................................................................................................................................................... 268 Žrnovska ......................................................................................................................................... 308
Kuparka ........................................................................................................................................... 270 Tršlja (F. Strikić & R. Ozimec) ............................................................................................. 310
Katarinka ....................................................................................................................................... 271 Domaća tršlja ............................................................................................................................ 312
Literatura ............................................................................................................................................. 314
8 TRADICIJSKE SORTE I PASMINE DALMACIJE
Povrtnice (Z. Matotan, dijelom R.Ozimec) ................................................................ 316 Domaći bob ................................................................................................................................. 354
Prikaz najvažnijih sorti Dalmacije ..................................................................... 322 Grah (R. Ozimec) .......................................................................................................................... 356
Dinja (R. Ozimec) ........................................................................................................................ 324 Grah rogač .................................................................................................................................... 356
Paška dinja ................................................................................................................................... 324 Sjekirica .................................................................................................................................................. 358
Artičoka .................................................................................................................................................. 326 Domaća sjekirica ................................................................................................................... 358
Hvarska artičoka .................................................................................................................... 326 Slanutak .................................................................................................................................................. 360
Endivija ................................................................................................................................................... 328 Domaći krupnozrni slanutak .................................................................................. 360
Dalmatinska kopica ........................................................................................................... 328 Rajčica ...................................................................................................................................................... 362
Salata .......................................................................................................................................................... 330 Šibenski šljivar ......................................................................................................................... 362
Dalmatinska ledenka ........................................................................................................ 330 Literatura ............................................................................................................................................. 364
Brokula 332
....................................................................................................................................................
Župski kavulin .......................................................................................................................... 332 Ratarske i krmne kulture (R.Ozimec) ........................................................................ 366
Cvjetača ................................................................................................................................................... 334 Prikaz najvažnijih kultura i sorti Dalmacije ...................................... 378
Trogirska srednje rana cvjetača ............................................................................. 334 Agava .......................................................................................................................................................... 380
Kupus (R. Ozimec) ...................................................................................................................... 336 Pitomi broć........................................................................................................................................... 382
Sinjski kupus .............................................................................................................................. 336 Domaći pitomi broć ........................................................................................................... 382
Žegarski kupus ........................................................................................................................ 338 Buhač ......................................................................................................................................................... 384
Raštika ...................................................................................................................................................... 340 Dalmatinski buhač .............................................................................................................. 384
Domaća raštika ....................................................................................................................... 340 Brnistra .................................................................................................................................................... 386
Blitva (R. Ozimec) ....................................................................................................................... 342 Djetelina rumena ......................................................................................................................... 388
Domaća blitva .......................................................................................................................... 342 Leća ............................................................................................................................................................. 390
Češnjak .................................................................................................................................................... 344 Domaća leća ............................................................................................................................... 390
Ljubitovački češnjak .......................................................................................................... 344 Lucerka .................................................................................................................................................... 392
Polački ozimi češnjak ....................................................................................................... 346 Mediteranska lucerka ....................................................................................................... 392
Kozjak ....................................................................................................................................................... 348 Slanutak .................................................................................................................................................. 394
Domaća ljutika ........................................................................................................................ 348 Domaći sitnozrni slanutak ......................................................................................... 394
Luk ................................................................................................................................................................ 350 Vučika bijela ...................................................................................................................................... 396
Dolačka kapulica ................................................................................................................... 350 Dalmatinska bijela vučika ........................................................................................... 396
Konavljanska kapula (R. Ozimec) ....................................................................... 352 Duhan ....................................................................................................................................................... 398
Bob ............................................................................................................................................................... 354 Ravnjak ............................................................................................................................................. 398
TRADICIJSKE SORTE I PASMINE DALMACIJE 9
Duhan kržak ...................................................................................................................................... 400 Aromatično, začinsko, ljekovito, medonosno, ukrasno i
Ružić ................................................................................................................................................... 400 samoniklo jestivo bilje (R.Ozimec) ................................................................................ 428
Krumpir .................................................................................................................................................. 402 Prikaz najvažnijih kultura i sorti Dalmacije ...................................... 438
Počiteljka ........................................................................................................................................ 402 Smrič obični ....................................................................................................................................... 440
Škuljevac ......................................................................................................................................... 404 Smilje ......................................................................................................................................................... 442
Ječam obični ...................................................................................................................................... 406 Indijska smokva ............................................................................................................................. 444
Domaći višeredni ječam ................................................................................................ 406 Kapar .......................................................................................................................................................... 446
Kostrika perasta ............................................................................................................................. 408 Riga .............................................................................................................................................................. 448
Kršin primorski .............................................................................................................................. 410 Dubrovačka riga ..................................................................................................................... 448
Kukuruz .................................................................................................................................................. 412 Divlja riga .............................................................................................................................................. 450
Domaći tvrdunac .................................................................................................................. 412 Lovor .......................................................................................................................................................... 452
Oštrica primorska ....................................................................................................................... 414 Oštrolisna šparoga ...................................................................................................................... 454
Pir pravi ................................................................................................................................................... 416 Mirta ........................................................................................................................................................... 456
Domaći pir .................................................................................................................................... 416 Ilirska perunika .............................................................................................................................. 458
Pšenica tvrda brkulja ................................................................................................................ 418 Sunovrat žuti ..................................................................................................................................... 460
Dalmatinska tvrda brkulja .......................................................................................... 418 Župski žuti sunovrat ......................................................................................................... 460
Raž ................................................................................................................................................................ 420 Komorač ................................................................................................................................................. 462
Domaća raž .................................................................................................................................. 420 Matar .......................................................................................................................................................... 464
Sirak zrnaš ............................................................................................................................................ 422 Bosiljak .................................................................................................................................................... 466
Domaći sirak zrnaš ............................................................................................................. 422 Murtela ............................................................................................................................................. 466
Literatura ............................................................................................................................................. 424 Kadulja ljekovita ............................................................................................................................ 468
Primorska kadulja ................................................................................................................ 468
Lavandin ................................................................................................................................................ 470
Budrovka ........................................................................................................................................ 470
Ružmarin ............................................................................................................................................... 474
Uspravni ružmarin .............................................................................................................. 474
Primorski vrisak ............................................................................................................................ 476
Planika ..................................................................................................................................................... 478
Literatura ............................................................................................................................................. 480
10 TRADICIJSKE SORTE I PASMINE DALMACIJE