Table Of ContentTrade Wins or Trade Wars
The Perceptions and
Knowledge in the Free
Trade Debate
Bogna Gawrońska-Nowak
Piotr Lis
Joanna Konieczna-Sałamatin
Trade Wins or Trade Wars
Bogna Gawronska-Nowak • Piotr Lis
́
Joanna Konieczna-Sałamatin
Trade Wins or Trade
Wars
The Perceptions and Knowledge in the
Free Trade Debate
Bogna Gawrońska-Nowak Piotr Lis
Institute of Urban and Regional Coventry University
Development Coventry, UK
Warsaw, Poland
Joanna Konieczna-Sałamatin
University of Warsaw
Warsaw, Poland
ISBN 978-3-030-76996-3 ISBN 978-3-030-76997-0 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-76997-0
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A
cknowledgements
We would like to express our appreciation to Agnieszka Karlińska from
Faculty of Sociology, University of Warsaw, for opening our eyes to the
world of digital text analysis and Clarin Project and to Jan Kocoń and
Bartłomiej Piotr Bojanowski from Department of Computational
Intelligence, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, who helped
us with text analyses using their freshly created new tool.
v
A b
bout the ook
This book tackles the disconnect between social perceptions and expert
knowledge regarding trade policy decisions. Using a Polish language
internet database, the authors shed light on areas that need to be addressed
when considering the adoption of particular trade policies by applying
content and statistical analysis to produce an easy to deploy measure of
populism in digital media, the “Media Populism Ratio”.
Defining a mismatch between social perception and expert knowledge
may contribute to a better understanding of the controversies on free
trade, as well as properly defining possible sources of populism and social
conflicts—therefore also revealing some potential weaknesses in the trade
policy implementation level which are at times neglected or underesti-
mated. The book will be relevant to students and researchers interested in
economic policy, economic narratives, and cultural economics.
vii
c
ontents
1 I ntroduction 1
2 Free Trade or Trade Wars: Retrospective Worldview 7
3 Free Trade or Trade Wars: Controversies, Political
Interests, and Narratives 23
4 Globalisation and International Trade in the Eyes of the
Polish Society 49
5 Academic Expert Knowledge on Free Trade 71
6 Online Free Trade Discourse: Expert Knowledge and
Attitudes 101
7 Sentiment and Emotions in the Popular FTA Discourse 131
8 Media and Populism 161
Index 171
ix
A A
bout the uthors
Bogna Gawrońska-Nowak is an associate professor and Head of the
EURDATA (Data Science) Department at the Institute of Urban and
Regional Development, Warsaw, Poland. She was a fellow and visiting
researcher at the University of Padua and the University of Glasgow. She
has expertise in using multidisciplinary quantitative research methods with
a special focus on modelling instabilities and measuring policy effective-
ness. She was consulting macroeconomic aspects of the Comprehensive
Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA) implementation in Poland for
the European Commission Representation in Poland. She has been a
senior researcher and principal investigator in various research projects co-
financed by well-recognised institutions: the National Bank of Poland, the
National Centre for Research and Development in Poland, and the
European Commission. Her current research agenda and her research-led
teaching focus on the study of public opinion dynamics and social repre-
sentations and the development of research methods based on the Citizen
Science approach.
Piotr Lis is an economist with interests in political economy as well as
armed conflict and security studies. He completed his PhD in Economics
at Royal Holloway, University of London, UK, and is employed as
Associate Professor of Economics at Coventry University, UK. He is also
an associate member of the Research Centre for Financial and Corporate
Integrity at Coventry.
xi
xii ABOUT THE AUTHORS
His research incorporates elements of economics, political science, and
international relations; for example, he studied the sensitivity of public
opinion to war-related costs and terrorism. His recent projects analyse the
impact of economic sanctions on target countries; linkages between ter-
rorism, conflict, and foreign aid; and targeting of civilians in conflicts
in Africa.
Joanna Konieczna-Sałamatin is a sociologist and an associate professor
at the Faculty of Sociology, University of Warsaw, Poland. She combines
interests in social sciences methodology and data analysis techniques with
studying values and identities in Eastern Europe. Her research focuses on
values shared in societies; she is a member of the Polish team of European
Values Study. She is the author of articles on Polish and East-E uropean
societies, among which there were The East of the West, or the West of
the East? Attitudes toward the European Union and European Integration
in Poland after 2008. (with Maja Sawicka), “East European Politics
and Societies: And Cultures”. (2020, https://doi.org/10.1177/
0888325420926633) and The meaning of democracy: diverse understand-
ings of the concept of democracy in Poland and other European societies.
“Polish Sociological Review”. 1/214, 2021.
A
bbreviAtions
CEE Central and Eastern Europe
CEFTA Central European Free Trade Agreement
CETA Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement, sometimes
referred to as the Canada–Europe Trade Agreement
CLARIN Common Language Resources and Technology Infrastructure
DVA domestic value added
EKD Expert Knowledge Dictionary (constructed in Chap. 5)
EU European Union
EVS European Values Survey
FTA Free Trade Agreement
FVA Foreign value added
GATT General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
GVC Global Value Chain(s)
LEM Literary Exploration Machine (an NLP tool for Polish language)
NAFTA North American Free Trade Agreement
NLP Natural Language Processing
TPP Trans-Pacific Partnership
TTIP Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership
UNCTAD United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
USMCA United States–Mexico–Canada Agreement
WTO World Trade Organization
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