Trade And Investment Rule-Making: The Role of Regional And Bilateral Agreements

285 Pages·2006·1.4 MB·English

by  United Nations

United Nations University Press is the publishing arm of the United
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Trade and investment rule-making
The United Nations University institute for Comparative Regional Inte-
grationStudies,UNU-CRIS,isaresearchandtrainingprogrammeofthe
UNU that focuses on the role of regions and regional integration in
global governance. The aim of UNU-CRIS is to build policy-relevant
knowledgeaboutnewformsofgovernanceandco-operation,andtocon-
tributetocapacitybuildingonissuesofintegrationandco-operationpar-
ticularly in developing countries. UNU-CRIS works in partnership with
initiatives and centres throughout the world that are concerned with
issues of integration and co-operation. This book presents the findings of
a UNU-CRIS research project that was undertaken in association with
the International Trade Policy Unit at the London School of Economics.
The study looks at the role of regional and bilateral agreements in trade
and investment rule-making and is based upon a series of in-depth case
studies.
Trade and investment rule-making:
The role of regional and bilateral
agreements
Edited by Stephen Woolcock
a
United Nations
University Press
TOKYOuNEWYORKuPARIS
6UnitedNationsUniversity,2006
The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not
necessarilyreflecttheviewsoftheUnitedNationsUniversity.
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CoverdesignbyMeaRhee
PrintedinHongKong
ISBN92-808-1132-0
LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData
Tradeandinvestmentrule-making:theroleofregionalandbilateralagreements
/editedbyStephenWoolcock.
p. cm.
Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.
ISBN-13:978-9280811322(pbk.)
ISBN-10:9280811320(pbk.)
1.Tradeblocs. 2.Internationaltrade. 3.Foreigntraderegulation. 4.Regional
economics. I.Woolcock,Stephen.
HF1418.7.T723 2006
3820.9—dc22 2006021198
Contents
List of tables and figures.............................................. vii
List of contributors.................................................... ix
Foreword .............................................................. xi
Luk Van Langenhove
List of acronyms....................................................... xiv
1 Introduction: The interaction between levels of rule-making in
international trade and investment ................................ 1
Stephen Woolcock
2 Rule-making in agricultural trade: RTAs and the multilateral
trading system ...................................................... 27
Charles Tsai
3 The interaction between levels of rule-making in international
trade and investment: The case of sanitary and phytosanitary
measures ............................................................ 51
Grant E. Isaac
4 Preferential rules of origin: Models and levels of rule-making... 78
Luis Jorge Garay and Philippe De Lombaerde
vi CONTENTS
5 The interaction between levels of rule-making in public
procurement ........................................................ 107
Stephen Woolcock
6 Assessing the interaction between levels of rule-making:
Trade in telecommunications services............................. 143
Heidi Ullrich
7 The international regulation of IPRs in a TRIPs and
TRIPs-plus world................................................... 177
Meir Perez Pugatch
8 International investment rules..................................... 208
Joakim Reiter
9 Conclusions......................................................... 241
Stephen Woolcock
Index .................................................................. 259
List of tables and figures
Tables
1.1 An analytical framework for assessing RTAs ............... 14
2.1 Coverage of agriculture within RTAs ........................ 31
2.2 Provisions on agricultural domestic support and export
subsidies in RTAs ............................................. 39
2.3 Applicability of contingency protection affecting
agriculture in RTAs ........................................... 42
2A.1 Detailed coverage of agriculture within RTAs .............. 46
3.1 Regulatory trajectories for biotechnology ................... 59
3.2 RTAs (bilateral and plurilateral) and SPS measures........ 66
4.1 Typology of RoO (Kyoto Convention) ...................... 80
4.2 Origin regimes in the Americas .............................. 88
4.3 Restrictiveness and facilitation index numbers for different
RoO regimes................................................... 95
4.4 Frequency of various product-specific criteria ............... 96
4.5 Frequency of general RoO provisions ....................... 96
4.6 RoO regimes................................................... 98
5.1 The elements of rules in public procurement ................ 109
5.2 Main elements of key regional/bilateral agreements
compared to the GPA......................................... 120
5.3 Main elements of recent regional/bilateral agreements ..... 124
6.1 Modes of service provision ................................... 150
6.2 Provisions within GATS ...................................... 152
6.3 WTO Reference Paper: Definitions and principles.......... 155
viii LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES
6.4 WTO-plus nature of FTAs in telecommications services ... 168
6A.1 The iterative nature of the EC’s telecommunications
services regulatory framework and the WTO Reference
Paper .......................................................... 170
7.1 Level of IP protection in US-led and EU-led regional and
bilateral agreements .......................................... 201
8.1 Simplified comparison between different legally binding
investment rules............................................... 212
Figures
3.1 Evolution of SPS measures/dynamic nature of the
interaction ..................................................... 53
7.1 Geometric measurement of IP level of protection .......... 184
7.2 Pharmaceutical IP level of protection: Geometric
comparison between the TRIPs agreement, US-led and
EU-led RTAs and FTAs ..................................... 197
List of contributors
PhilippeDeLombaerdeisaresearch remittancesfromaLatin-American
fellowatUNU-CRIS.Previously perspective.
hewasanassociateprofessorof
economicsattheUniversidad GrantE.IsaacisDeanofthe
NacionaldeColombiaandheld CollegeofCommerceatthe
positionsasalectureratthe UniversityofSaskatchewan,
UniversityofAntwerpanda Canada.Hiscurrentresearch
researcherattheNationalInstitute centresonthestrategicmanagement
ofDevelopmentAdministration oftechnologicalinnovation,with
(Bangkok).Hiscurrentresearch particularemphasisupon
interestsincludemonitoring technologicalpromotionthrough
techniquesforregionalintegration, intellectualpropertyrightsand
regionaleconomicintegrationand technologicalregulationthrough
Andeanintegration. theriskanalysisframeworkandthe
implicationsofthesepromotion
LuisJorgeGarayiscurrentlyan andregulationapproachesupon
associateresearchfellowatUNU- internationaltradepolicy.His
CRIS.Formerlyhehasbeenan recentpublicationsincludetwo
advisertotheUNDP,theInter- books,numerousbookchaptersand
AmericanDevelopmentBankand articlesinleadingjournals.
theColombiangovernment,anda
visitingscholarattheUniversities MeirPerezPugatchisan
ofOxfordandCambridge.His independentconsultantspecializing
currentresearchinterestsinclude inthefieldsofintellectualproperty
internationaltradeandinvestment policyandcommercializationof
policies,regionalintegrationand knowledgeassets.MeirPugatchisa
internationalmigrationand tutorialfellowattheSchoolof
ix