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Total Liberation
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Total Liberation
The Power and Promise of Animal Rights and the Radical Earth
Movement
David Naguib Pellow
University of Minnesota Press
Minneapolis • London
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Portions of the book will appear in David N. Pellow and Hollie Nyseth Brehm, “From the New Ecological Paradigm to
Total Liberation: The Emergence of a Social Movement Frame,” The Sociological Quarterly (forthcoming).
Copyright 2014 by the Regents of the University of Minnesota
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any
form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written
permission of the publisher.
Published by the University of Minnesota Press
111 Third Avenue South, Suite 290
Minneapolis, MN 55401–2520
http://www.upress.umn.edu
Library of Congress Cataloging-in Publication Data
Pellow, David Naguib.
Total liberation : the power and promise of animal rights and the radical earth movement / David Naguib Pellow.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-1-4529-4304-6
1. Animal rights. 2. Animal rights movement. 3. Environmentalism. 4. Radicalism. I. Title.
HV4708.P45 2014
179´.3—dc23
2013048789
The University of Minnesota is an equal-opportunity educator and employer.
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For
Allan and Hazel
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Contents
Abbreviations
Preface
Academia as a Space of Liberation and Repression
The Davenport Grand Jury
Acknowledgments
Introduction: All Oppression Is Linked
Radical Movements and Radical Ideas
The Nature of Inequality and Its Consequences
Extending Environmental Inequality: Toward Socioecological Inequality
Repression and Its Consequences: Privileged Radicals and Racial Deviants
Theories of Socioecological Politics
Total Liberation
Chapter 1: Never Apologize for Your Rage: Radical Origins and Organizing
Radical Lives
External Drivers of Radicalism
The Anthropocene
Mainstream Groups
Drawing Inspiration
Animal Rights and Beyond
Environmentalism
Emerging Radical Movements
The ALF, ELF, and Beyond
Earth and Animal Liberation Convergences
Chapter 2: Justice for the Earth and All Its Animals
“(Nonhuman) Nature First” Narratives
Beyond Single-Issue Politics
Anti-Oppression and Justice for Ecosystems
Anti-Oppression and Justice for Nonhumans
Anti-Oppression and Justice for Humans
Solidarity Work and Alliance Politics
Connecting the Dots: Ecosystems, Nonhumans, and Humans
Unresolved Tensions, Unfinished Business
Chapter 3: Anarchism and Anticapitalism: Liberation from Government and Market
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Anarchism
Property
Citizenship
Antistatism, Anti-Authoritarianism
Anarchism, Community, Democracy
Anarchism, Action, and Repression
New Directions for the Anarchist Movement
Anticapitalism
Core Movement Perspectives
Anti-imperialism
Postcapitalism and the End of Civilization
Frame Transformation and the Human/Nonhuman Nexus
Chapter 4: Direct Action: Confrontation, Sabotage, and Property Destruction
Defining and Debating Direct Action
Sabotage and Property Destruction
Unresolved Conflicts
Direct Action and Anarchism
Direct Action, Anti-Oppression, and Solidarity
Direct Action around the Politics of Gender and Sexuality
Indigeneity, Culture, and the Sacred
Rod Coronado
The Four Oaks/Minnehaha Free State Campaign
Defending Life from Biotech
SHAC: Anarchism, Anticapitalism, Antispeciesism, and Direct Action
SHAC and Ecological Politics
The Power of Nonhumans in Social Movements
Learning from the Past
Chapter 5: The Green Scare: State Repression of Liberation Movements
Policy and Legislation Directed at “Ecoterrorists” in Historical Perspective
Repressive Legislation in Early U.S. History
Criminalizing Difference
Repression Evolves
Grand Juries, Surveillance, and Other Forms of Repression
Political Prisoners
Kevin Kjonaas
Marie Mason
Jeff “Free” Luers
Carrie Feldman and Scott DeMuth (the Davenport 2)
Racial Deviants
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People of Color Earth and Animal Liberationists
The Trauma of Repression
Cultivating Cultures of Resistance
Chapter 6: Resisting the Green Scare
The Power of Language
Defiance and Resolve
Security Culture
The Basics
Noms de Guerre: Security, Funny Names, and Forgiveness
Limits of Security Culture
Breakdown
Prisoner Support: “Just Tell Your Friends to Stop Calling”
Prisoners Speak
A Two-Way Street
Grand Jury Resisters
Debating Prisoner Support
Beyond the Prisoners
Learning from Other Social Movements
The San Francisco 8 (SF8)
Finding Common Cause, Building Strength, and Inspiring Hope
Cautionary Notes
Conclusion: Piecing It Together
The Role of Nonhumans in Social Movements
State Repression versus Community Building
Contradictions and Limitations
Total Liberation and Environmental Justice
Notes
Preface
Introduction
1. Never Apologize for Your Rage
2. Justice for the Earth and All Its Animals
3. Anarchism and Anticapitalism
4. Direct Action
5. The Green Scare
6. Resisting the Green Scare
Conclusion
Bibliography
Index
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Abbreviations
AEDPA Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act
AEPA Animal Enterprise Protection Act
AETA Animal Enterprise Terrorism Act
AETA4 four activists charged under the AETA
AIM American Indian Movement
ALEC American Legislative Exchange Council
ALF Animal Liberation Front
AMA American Medical Association
ANC African National Congress
APOC Anarchist People of Color
AR Animal Rights
ARC Animal Rights Conference
ASPCA American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals
BLA Black Liberation Army
BLM Bureau of Land Management
BPP Black Panther Party
BWM Because We Must
CALPIRG California Public Interest Research Group
CFA Cascadia Forest Alliance
CFD Cascadia Forest Defenders
CLDC Civil Liberties Defense Center
CMU Communications Management Unit
COINTELPRO Counter Intelligence Program
COW Challenging Oppression Within
CSLC Cold Snap Legal Collective
DGR Deep Green Resistance
DWW Dominant Western Worldview
EF! Earth First!
EF!er Earth First!er
EJ environmental justice
EJP Environmental Justice Paradigm
ELF Earth Liberation Front (also the Environmental Life Force)
EWOK! Earth Warriors are OK!
FBI Federal Bureau of Investigation
FNB Food Not Bombs
GARC Grassroots Animal Rights Conference
GE genetically engineered
GM genetically modified
GMO genetically modified organism
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