Total Intravenous Anesthesia and Target Controlled Infusions: A Comprehensive Global Anthology

813 Pages·2016·28.42 MB·English

by  Anthony R. Absalom (Editor)

Anthony R. Absalom
Keira P. Mason
Editors
Total Intravenous
Anesthesia and Target
Controlled Infusions
A Comprehensive
Global Anthology
123
Total Intravenous Anesthesia and Target
Controlled Infusions
Anthony R. Absalom (cid:129) Keira P. Mason
Editors
Total Intravenous Anesthesia
and Target Controlled
Infusions
A Comprehensive Global Anthology
Editors
AnthonyR.Absalom,MBChB,FRCA,MD KeiraP.Mason,MD
DepartmentofAnesthesiology DepartmentofAnesthesia
UniversityMedicalCenterGroningen HarvardMedicalSchool
UniversityofGroningen DepartmentofAnesthesiology
Groningen,TheNetherlands PerioperativeandPainMedicine
BostonChildren’sHospital
Boston,MA,USA
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Dedication by Keira P. Mason
Mydedicationisforemosttomymotherandfather,whosesacrifice,love,and
encouragementenabledmetopursuemygoalsanddreams.Leadingbyexample,
theyshowedmetopersevere,remainpositive,optimistic,andalwaysstriveto
achievemypersonalbest.Mydeepestgratitudeandappreciationtomyfamily,Ed,
andmytwosons,ColinandTyler.Tyler,youareatendersoul,inventive,
hardworking,andbravewhenfacedwithchallengesbeyondyouryears,and
specialbeyondwords.Colin,yourtenacity,creativity,anddrivemakeyouaunique
gem.Iamsoproudofyouboth.IhopethatImayguide,nurture,andprovidefor
youbothasmyparentsdidforme.Neverforgetyourmiddlename,Jigme.....the
namegiventomonarchs—areminderforyoubothtobeproudandbrave,andto
persevereandpursueyourdreams,eveninthefaceofadversityandchallenges.
Dedication by Anthony R. Absalom
I dedicate this book to the authors, whose expertise and time made this book
possible, and to my family, who have supported me “through thick and thin.”
Anthony (Tony) Absalom
Preface
WearehonoredtopresentTotalIntravenousAnesthesiaandTargetControlledInfusion.This
book is a testament to the passion and expertise of the contributing authors who are all
committed to the field of intravenous anesthesia and target controlled infusion. The author
listreadslikea“Who’swho”ofanestheticpharmacology,andincludesexpertsfromdiverse
disciplines and specialties, from 20 countries around the world. We are very appreciative of
andhonoredbytheireffortsandextendasincere“thankyou”toeachauthor.
This book is a unique contribution to the field. It is the first to address these topics in a
comprehensivemanner.Eachchapterwaswrittenbyaspecialistinthatparticularareaandis
intendedtobeofvaluetoallprovidersofintravenoussedationandanesthesia.Itmayberead
covertocover,orreadadhoc,onechapteratatime,outofsuccession.Thereisintentional,
albeitminimal,repetitionoftopics.Therepetitionisintendednotonlytoconsolidateimpor-
tantinformationforthereaderbutalsotoconveyrelevantinformationforthosewhomaynot
be reading the book cover to cover. Even when there is “repetition,” it is presented in a
different style by each of the individual authors, which in most cases masks the repeated
elements.
Wewishourreadersmuchreadingpleasure.Ourprimarygoalistohelpimprovethecareof
patientsworldwide,andwetrustthatthisbook,whichrepresentsatrueinternationalcollabo-
ration among multiple specialists, will be a timeless resource for clinicians and researchers
workinginthefieldofintravenousdeliveryofsedationandanesthesia.
KeiraP.Mason AnthonyR.Absalom
Boston,MA,USA Groningen,TheNetherlands
vii
Acknowledgements
WewouldliketoacknowledgeourdeepestgratitudetoMs.MichelleE.NoonanandAmanda
Buckley, the clinical coordinators and administrators who committed themselves to this
project,withoutwhomitwouldneverhavemadeittofruition.
Contents
PartI Introduction/Background
1 WhenandHowDidItAllBegin?ABriefHistoryofIntravenous
Anesthesia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
JohnWilliamSear
2 TheDevelopmentandRegulationofCommercialDevices
forTarget-ControlledDrugInfusion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
JohnB.Glen
3 TheMemoryLabyrinth:Systems,Processes,andBoundaries. . . . . . . . . . . 31
RobertA.Veselis
4 ConsciousnessandAnesthesia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
RamAdapa
5 MechanismsofIntravenousAnestheticAction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
HughC.HemmingsJr.andKarlF.Herold
PartII PrinciplesofPharmacologicalModeling
6 BasicPharmacology:KineticsandDynamicsforDummies. . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
JohanRæder
7 Pharmacokinetic–PharmacodynamicModellingofAnestheticDrugs. . . . . 117
JohannesHansProost
8 PrinciplesofTarget-ControlledInfusions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
StevenL.Shafer
9 PerformanceofTarget-ControlledInfusionSystems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
MatthewT.V.Chan
10 HowtoSelectaPK/PDModel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
KenichiMasui
PartIII PharmacologyoftheIntravenousAnestheticAgents
11 PropofolPK-PD. . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .. 191
DouglasJ.Eleveld
12 EtomidateandEtomidateAnalogues:MolecularPharmacology
andBehavioralActions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209
DouglasE.Raines
13 Dexmedetomidine:TheScienceandClinicalAspects
inAdultsandChildren. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221
MohamedMahmoud
xi
xii Contents
14 ClinicalEffectsandApplicationsofKetamine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245
MarkG.Roback
15 NeuromuscularBlockingDrugs:Physiology,Pharmacology
andClinicalAspects. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267
ClaudeMeistelman
16 NewandUpcomingDrugs:IntravenousAnestheticAgents. . . . . . . . . . . . . 299
JohnWilliamSear
17 DrugInteractionsinAnesthesia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 313
JaapVuyk
PartIV PracticalConductofSedationandAnesthesia
18 PumpPitfallsandPracticalities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329
FrankEngbers
19 EEGMonitoringofDepthofAnesthesia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341
MichaelR.J.Sury
20 MonitoringtheanalgesiccomponentofAnesthesia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 357
IsabelleConstant
21 IntravenousDrugsforSedation:Target-Controlled,
Patient-ControlledandPatient-MaintainedDelivery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 369
KeithJ.AndersonandGavinN.C.Kenny
22 PediatricTIVA/TCI:CasePresentationsandDiscussion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 391
VivianMan-yingYuen
23 TCI/TIVAAdultCaseStudies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 403
NicholasSutcliffe
PartV SpecialPopulationsandProcedures
24 IntravenousAnesthesiainObesePatients. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 429
PabloO.Sepu´lvedaV.andLuisIgnacioCort´ınez
25 PharmacokineticsandPharmacodynamicsinthePediatricPatient.. . . . . . 441
BrianJ.Anderson
26 ClinicalPharmacologyofIntravenousSedationinChildren. . . . . . . . . . . . 517
OliverBagshaw
27 SedationoftheCriticallyIllChild. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 537
ArnoBrouwers,SanneVaassen,GijsD.Vos,
JanN.M.Schieveld,andPietL.Leroy
28 TCIandTIVAforNeurosurgery:ConsiderationsandTechniques. . . . . . . 561
MassimoLampertiandFazilAshiq
29 TCIinSpecialPatientsGroups:TheElderlyandObese. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 571
FrederiqueS.Servin
30 TIVAforCardiacSurgery. . .. . . .. . . .. . . . .. . . .. . . .. . . . .. . . .. . . .. 579
StefanSchraag
31 TIVA/TCIinVeterinaryPractice. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 589
ThierryBeths