Table Of ContentLecture Notes in Computer Science 6605
CommencedPublicationin1973
FoundingandFormerSeriesEditors:
GerhardGoos,JurisHartmanis,andJanvanLeeuwen
EditorialBoard
DavidHutchison,UK TakeoKanade,USA
JosefKittler,UK JonM.Kleinberg,USA
AlfredKobsa,USA FriedemannMattern,Switzerland
JohnC.Mitchell,USA MoniNaor,Israel
OscarNierstrasz,Switzerland C.PanduRangan,India
BernhardSteffen,Germany MadhuSudan,USA
DemetriTerzopoulos,USA DougTygar,USA
GerhardWeikum,Germany
Advanced Research in Computing and Software Science
SublineofLecturesNotesinComputerScience
SublineSeriesEditors
GiorgioAusiello,UniversityofRome‘LaSapienza’,Italy
VladimiroSassone,UniversityofSouthampton,UK
SublineAdvisoryBoard
SusanneAlbers,UniversityofFreiburg,Germany
BenjaminC.Pierce,UniversityofPennsylvania,USA
BernhardSteffen,UniversityofDortmund,Germany
MadhuSudan,MicrosoftResearch,Cambridge,MA,USA
DengXiaotie,CityUniversityofHongKong
JeannetteM.Wing,CarnegieMellonUniversity,Pittsburgh,PA,USA
Parosh Aziz Abdulla
K. Rustan M. Leino (Eds.)
Tools and Algorithms
for the Construction
and Analysis of Systems
17th International Conference, TACAS 2011
Held as Part of the Joint European Conferences
on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS 2011
Saarbrücken, Germany, March 26–April 3, 2011
Proceedings
1 3
VolumeEditors
ParoshAzizAbdulla
UniversityofUppsala
Dept.ofInformationTechnology
75105Uppsala,Sweden
E-mail:[email protected]
K.RustanM.Leino
MicrosoftResearch
Redmond,WA98052,USA
E-mail:[email protected]
ISSN0302-9743 e-ISSN1611-3349
ISBN978-3-642-19834-2 e-ISBN978-3-642-19835-9
DOI10.1007/978-3-642-19835-9
SpringerHeidelbergDordrechtLondonNewYork
LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2011922620
CRSubjectClassification(1998):F.3,D.2,C.2,D.3,D.2.4,C.3
LNCSSublibrary:SL1–TheoreticalComputerScienceandGeneralIssues
©Springer-VerlagBerlinHeidelberg2011
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Foreword
ETAPS 2011 was the 14th instance of the European Joint Conferences on The-
ory and Practice of Software. ETAPS is an annual federated conference that
wasestablishedin1998bycombininganumberofexistingandnewconferences.
Thisyearitcomprisedtheusualfivesisterconferences(CC,ESOP,FASE,FOS-
SACS, TACAS), 16 satellite workshops(ACCAT, BYTECODE, COCV, DICE,
FESCA, GaLoP, GT-VMT, HAS, IWIGP, LDTA, PLACES, QAPL, ROCKS,
SVARM,TERMGRAPH,andWGT),oneassociatedevent(TOSCA),andseven
invited lectures (excluding those specific to the satellite events).
The five main conferences received 463 submissions this year (including 26
tool demonstration papers), 130 of which were accepted (2 tool demos), giving
an overall acceptance rate of 28%. Congratulations therefore to all the authors
who made it to the final programme! I hope that most of the other authors
will still have found a way of participating in this exciting event, and that you
will all continue submitting to ETAPS and contributing to make of it the best
conference on software science and engineering.
The events that comprise ETAPS address various aspects of the system de-
velopmentprocess,including specification,design,implementation,analysisand
improvement. The languages, methodologies and tools which support these ac-
tivities are all well within its scope. Different blends of theory and practice
are represented, with an inclination towards theory with a practical motivation
on the one hand and soundly based practice on the other. Many of the issues
involvedin softwaredesignapply to systems in general,including hardwaresys-
tems, and the emphasis on software is not intended to be exclusive.
ETAPS is a confederation in which each event retains its own identity, with
a separate Programme Committee and proceedings. Its format is open-ended,
allowing it to grow and evolve as time goes by. Contributed talks and system
demonstrations are in synchronised parallel sessions, with invited lectures in
plenary sessions. Two of the invited lectures are reserved for ‘unifying’ talks on
topics ofinterestto the wholerangeofETAPSattendees.The aimofcramming
all this activity into a single one-week meeting is to create a strong magnet for
academic and industrial researchers working on topics within its scope, giving
them the opportunity to learn about research in related areas, and thereby to
fosternewandexistinglinksbetweenworkinareasthatwereformerlyaddressed
in separate meetings.
ETAPS2011wasorganisedbytheUniversita¨t des Saarlandes incooperation
with:
(cid:2) European Association for Theoretical Computer Science (EATCS)
(cid:2) European Association for Programming Languages and Systems (EAPLS)
(cid:2) European Association of Software Science and Technology (EASST)
VI Foreword
It also had support from the following sponsors, which we gratefully thank:
DFGDeutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; AbsIntAngewandteInfor-
matik GmbH; Microsoft Research; Robert Bosch GmbH; IDS Scheer
AG / Software AG; T-Systems Enterprise Services GmbH; IBM Re-
search;gwSaar Gesellschaftfu¨r Wirtschaftsfo¨rderung SaarmbH;
Springer-Verlag GmbH; and Elsevier B.V.
The organising team comprised:
General Chair: Reinhard Wilhelm
Organising Committee:Bernd Finkbeiner, Holger Hermanns (chair),
Reinhard Wilhelm, Stefanie Haupert-Betz,
Christa Scha¨fer
Satellite Events: Bernd Finkbeiner
Website: Herna´n Baro´ Graf
OverallplanningforETAPSconferencesistheresponsibilityofitsSteeringCom-
mittee, whose current membership is:
Vladimiro Sassone (Southampton, Chair), Parosh Abdulla (Uppsala), Gilles
Barthe (IMDEA-Software), Lars Birkedal (Copenhagen), Michael O’Boyle (Ed-
inburgh),GiuseppeCastagna(CNRSParis),MarshaChechik(Toronto),Sophia
Drossopoulou(ImperialCollege London),BerndFinkbeiner (Saarbru¨cken)Cor-
mac Flanagan (Santa Cruz), Dimitra Giannakopoulou (CMU/NASA Ames),
AndrewD.Gordon(MSRCambridge),RajivGupta(UCRiverside),ChrisHan-
kin (Imperial College London), Holger Hermanns (Saarbru¨cken), Mike Hinchey
(Lero,theIrishSoftwareEngineeringResearchCentre),MartinHofmann(LMU
Munich), Joost-Pieter Katoen (Aachen), Paul Klint (Amsterdam), Jens Knoop
(Vienna),BarbaraKo¨nig(Duisburg),ShriramKrishnamurthi(Brown),Juande
Lara (Madrid), Kim Larsen (Aalborg), Rustan Leino (MSR Redmond), Gerald
Luettgen (Bamberg),Rupak Majumdar (Los Angeles),Tiziana Margaria(Pots-
dam),UgoMontanari(Pisa),LukeOng(Oxford),FernandoOrejas(Barcelona),
Catuscia Palamidessi (INRIA Paris), George Papadopoulos (Cyprus), David
Rosenblum (UCL), Don Sannella (Edinburgh), Joa˜o Saraiva (Minho), Helmut
Seidl (TU Munich), Tarmo Uustalu (Tallinn), and Andrea Zisman (London).
I would like to express my sincere gratitude to all of these people and or-
ganisations, the Programme Committee Chairs and members of the ETAPS
conferences, the organisers of the satellite events, the speakers themselves, the
many reviewers, all the participants, and Springer for agreeing to publish the
ETAPS proceedings in the ARCoSS subline.
Finally, I would like to thank the Organising Chair of ETAPS 2011, Holger
Hermanns and his Organising Committee, for arranging for us to have ETAPS
in the most beautiful surroundings of Saarbru¨cken.
January 2011 Vladimiro Sassone
ETAPS SC Chair
Preface
This volume contains the proceedings of the 17th International Conference on
Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems (TACAS
2011). TACAS 2011 took place in Saarbru¨cken, Germany, March 28–31, 2011,
aspartofthe 14thEuropeanJointConferencesonTheoryandPracticeofSoft-
ware(ETAPS2011),whoseaims, organization,andhistory are presentedinthe
foreword of this volume by the ETAPS Steering Committee Chair, Vladimiro
Sassone.
TACAS is a forum for researchers, developers, and users interested in rigor-
ously based tools and algorithms for the construction and analysis of systems.
The conference serves to bridge the gaps between different communities that
sharecommoninterestsintooldevelopmentanditsalgorithmicfoundations.The
researchareas coveredby such communities include, but are not limited to, for-
mal methods, software and hardware verification, static analysis, programming
languages, software engineering, real-time systems, communications protocols,
andbiologicalsystems.TheTACASforumprovidesavenueforsuchcommunities
atwhichcommonproblems,heuristics,algorithms,datastructures,andmethod-
ologies can be discussed and explored. TACAS aims to support researchers in
their quest to improve the usability, utility, flexibility, and efficiency of tools
and algorithms for building systems. Tool descriptions and case studies with a
conceptual message, as well as theoretical papers with clear relevance for tool
construction, are all encouraged. The specific topics covered by the conference
include,but arenotlimitedto,the following:specificationandverificationtech-
niques for finite and infinite-state systems, software and hardware verification,
theorem proving and model checking, system construction and transformation
techniques, static and run-time analysis, abstraction techniques for modeling
and validation, compositional and refinement-based methodologies, testing and
test-case generation, analytical techniques for safety, security, or dependability,
analytical techniques for real-time, hybrid, or stochastic systems, integration of
formal methods and static analysis in high-level hardware design or software
environments, tool environments and tool architectures, SAT and SMT solvers,
and applications and case studies.
TACAStraditionallyconsiderstwotypes ofpapers:researchpapersandtool
demonstrationpapers.Researchpapersarefull-lengthpapersthatcontainnovel
researchontopicswithinthescopeoftheTACASconferenceandhaveaclearrel-
evance for toolconstruction.Tooldemonstrationpapers are shorterpapers that
give an overview of a particular tool and its applications or evaluation. TACAS
2011receivedatotalof 112submissionsincluding 24tooldemonstrationpapers
andaccepted32papersofwhich10papersweretooldemonstrationpapers.Each
submissionwasevaluatedbyatleastthreereviewers.Afterasix-weekreviewing
process,the programselectionwascarriedoutinatwo-weekelectronicProgram
VIII Preface
Committee meeting. We believe that the committee deliberations resulted in a
strong technical program. One highlight is the quantity and quality of the tool
papers submitted to the conference and accepted for presentation.
GerardJ.Holzmann,JetPropulsionLaboratory,CaliforniaInstituteofTech-
nology, USA, gave the unifying ETAPS 2011 invited talk on “Reliable Soft-
ware Development: Analysis-Aware Design.” Andreas Podelski, University of
Freiburg,Germany,gavetheTACAS2011invitedtalkon“TransitionInvariants
and TransitionPredicate Abstraction for ProgramTermination”.The abstracts
of the talks are included in this volume.
As TACAS 2011 ProgramCommittee Co-chairs, we would like to thank the
authors of all submitted papers, the ProgramCommittee members, and all the
refereesfortheir invaluablecontributioninguaranteeingsucha strongtechnical
program. We also thank the EasyChair system for hosting the conference sub-
missionandprogramselectionprocessand automatingmuch ofthe proceedings
generation process. We would like to express our appreciation to the ETAPS
Steering Committee and especially its Chair, Vladimiro Sassone, as well as the
OrganizingCommitteefortheireffortsinmakingETAPS2011suchasuccessful
event.
January 2011
ParoshAziz Abdulla
K. Rustan M. Leino
Conference Organization
Steering Committee
Ed Brinksma ESI and University of Twente
(The Netherlands)
Rance Cleaveland University of Maryland and Fraunhofer USA
Inc. (USA)
Kim G. Larsen Aalborg University (Denmark)
Bernhard Steffen Technical University Dortmund (Germany)
Lenore Zuck University of Illinois at Chicago (USA)
Program Chairs
ParoshA. Abdulla Uppsala University (Sweden)
K. Rustan M. Leino Microsoft Research (USA)
Program Committee
Nikolaj Bjørner Microsoft Research (USA)
Ahmed Bouajjani LIAFA, University of Paris 7 (France)
Patricia Bouyer-Decitre LSV, CNRS and ENS Cachan (France)
Alessandro Cimatti Istituto per la Ricerca Scientifica e Tecnologica
(Italy)
Rance Cleaveland University of Maryland and Fraunhofer USA
Inc. (USA)
Thierry Coquand Chalmers University (Sweden)
Giorgio Delzanno Universit`a di Genova (Italy)
Javier Esparza Technische Universit¨at Mu¨nchen (Germany)
Orna Grumberg Technion - Israel Institute of Technology
(Israel)
Peter Habermehl LIAFA University Paris 7 (France)
Reiner H¨ahnle Chalmers University of Technology (Sweden)
Naoki Kobayashi Tohoku University (Japan)
Kim G. Larsen Aalborg University (Denmark)
Rupak Majumdar Max Planck Institute for Software Systems
(Germany)
Panagiotis Manolios Northeastern University (USA)
Richard Mayr University of Edinburgh (UK)
Doron Peled Bar Ilan University (Israel)
Anna Philippou University of Cyprus (Cyprus)
