Timnah (Tel Batash) I: Stratigraphy and Architecture Text

292 Pages·1997·49.098 MB·English

by  Amahai Mazar

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THE HEBREW UNIVERSITY
OF JERUSALEM
37
Editorial Board
A. BELFER-COHEN, E. STERN, Y. TSAFRIR
TIMNAH (TEL BATASH) FINAL REPORTS I
Expedition Director: George L. Kelm
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TIMNAH (TEL BATASH) I
STRATIGRAPHY AND ARCHITECTURE
TEXT
Research Assistant: Nava Panitz-Cohen
Participants: George L. Kelm, Merylin Copland, Arlene Miller Rosen
Plans and sections: L. Ritmeyer, M. Caplan
Photography: George L. Kelm
Published with the assistance of
Les Amis Belges de l'Université Hébraique de Jérusalem
Fheclogy Library
SCHOOL OF THEOLOEF
AT CLAREMONT
Cali omnia
Copyright by The Institute of Archaeology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
ISSN 0333-5844
Printed and bound by Keterpress Enterprises, Jerusalem
CONTENTS
List of Text Figures Vill
List of Plans and Sections IX
Preface to the Timnah (Tel Batash) Final Reports — G.L. Kelm XI
Preface to the Present Volume — A. Mazar XII
Stratigraphic Table XIV
Abbreviations and Signs XIV
He The Site: General Background.
The Discovery of Tel Batash
Location and Environmental Data
The Morphology of the Mound
The Identification of Tel Batash with Timnah
WWF
Timnah in Historical Sources
II. The Excavation — A. Mazar and G.L. Kelm.
The Expedition 1]
Excavation Strategy and Development 13
Field Methodology 14
Registration and Documentation LS
The Stratigraphic Sequence 18
Processing of the Finds and Publication Agenda 18
Ul. AreaA 21
Introduction 21
The Middle Bronze Age Rampart and Moat (Strata XII-XI) Zh
The Late Bronze Age Structural Remains 23
The Iron Age II Fortification System 28
Correlation of Phases and Strata 30
Area A Locus List 31
Area A Wall List 32
IV. Area B 33
Introduction 33
Strata XII-XI 34
Stratum X 4]
Stratum IX 45
Stratum VIII 52
Stratum VII 58
Stratum VI 12
Stratum V 76
Iron Age II Remains 82
The Eastern Terrace 82
Area B Locus List 83
Area B Wall List 89
V. Area J — A. Mazar and M. Copland 93
Strata VII-VI 93
Stratum V 93
Stratum IV 94
Strata ITI-II 94
VE Area C . 95
Introduction 5
Architectural Remains of the Late Bronze Age oi
Stratum V 98
Drain 609 103
Stratum IV: The Gate and Additional Structures 105
Strata II-III: The Gate Structure 111
Structural Remains of the Persian Period 126
Late Pits 126
Late Terraces 126
Conclusions 128
Area C Locus List 128
Area C Wall List 134
VII. Area H . 137
Introduction 137
Stratum IV 139
Stratum III 142
Stratum II 150
Remains of Phase IIA and Stratum I 162
Late Pits 164
Area H Locus List 165
Area H Wall List 171
VIII. AreaG . 173
Stratum II 173
Stratum I is
IX. Areas D and E (Area D written with G.L. Kelm) . 1S
Introduction Lis
Stratum V 177
Stratum IV 180
The Iron Age II City Wall (Strata ITI-ID) 186
Building Remains of Stratum III in Area D 187
Building Remains of Stratum HI in Area E 194
Strata IJJ-II Streets in Areas D and E 199
Building Remains of Stratum IJ in Areas D and E 201
Stratum I 223
The Late Cemetery 225
Area D Locus List 224
Area E Locus List 229
Area D Wall List 232
Area E Wall List 234
x Area F — M. Copland and A. Mazar . 23M,
Stratum II PM)
Stratum I 244
Area F Locus List 246
Area F Wall List 247
XI. Interpretation of the Architectural Evidence . 249
The Middle Bronze Age 249
The Late Bronze Age 292
The Iron Age I 254
The Iron Age II 254
Appendix: Analysis of Bricks from Tel Batash — A. Miller Rosen 264
Bibliography 265